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All HBS Web
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- Faculty Publications (2,491)
- September 1998 (Revised March 1999)
- Case
Sun Microsystems and the N-tier Architecture
By: Richard L. Nolan and Kelley Porter
Sun Microsystems is a pioneer in networking computing. Sun's servers maintain a large market share and are considered highly scaleable. The case describes the n-tier architecture for building and managing large networks in which thousands of workers and customers are...
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Keywords:
Information Infrastructure;
Information Technology;
Technological Innovation;
Business Strategy;
Innovation Strategy;
Information Technology Industry
Nolan, Richard L., and Kelley Porter. "Sun Microsystems and the N-tier Architecture." Harvard Business School Case 399-037, September 1998. (Revised March 1999.)
- September 1998 (Revised August 1999)
- Case
IBM's Lotus Development in 1999
By: Stephen P. Bradley and Kelley Porter
Describes Lotus' acquisition by IBM, its movement from proprietary standards to open standards, and its current market position. Microsoft is gaining ground with its Exchange Server, and Lotus has received unfavorable press.
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Keywords:
Acquisition;
Technological Innovation;
Growth and Development Strategy;
Growth Management;
Product Marketing;
Competition;
Competitive Strategy;
Information Technology Industry;
Web Services Industry
Bradley, Stephen P., and Kelley Porter. "IBM's Lotus Development in 1999." Harvard Business School Case 799-014, September 1998. (Revised August 1999.)
- September 1998 (Revised September 2001)
- Case
IBM's Reinventing Education (A)
Describes IBM's national innovation strategy to transform K-12 public education through new solutions developed by IBM engineers and consultants using information technology. Examples are: data warehousing in Broward County, FL schools, tracking software for the...
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Keywords:
Social Enterprise;
Innovation Strategy;
Information Technology;
Education;
Business and Community Relations;
Information Technology Industry;
Education Industry;
San Jose;
Philadelphia;
Ohio;
Florida
Kanter, Rosabeth M. "IBM's Reinventing Education (A)." Harvard Business School Case 399-008, September 1998. (Revised September 2001.)
- August 1998 (Revised March 2002)
- Background Note
Overview of the Nonprofit Sector
By: James E. Austin and Elaine V. Backman
Provides brief background information to aid in understanding the U.S. and international nonprofit sectors.
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Keywords:
Nonprofit Organizations
Austin, James E., and Elaine V. Backman. "Overview of the Nonprofit Sector." Harvard Business School Background Note 399-027, August 1998. (Revised March 2002.)
- 1998
- Chapter
The Role of Geography in the Process of Innovation and Sustainable Competitive Advantage of Firms
By: M. E. Porter and Orjan Solvell
Porter, M. E., and Orjan Solvell. "The Role of Geography in the Process of Innovation and Sustainable Competitive Advantage of Firms." In The Dynamic Firm, edited by Alfred D. Chandler Jr., Peter Hagstrom, and Orjan Solvell. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1998.
- July 1998 (Revised October 1999)
- Case
IPODERAC
By: James E. Austin, Wendy Bermudez and Gustavo Escobar
This 32-year-old nonprofit organization has dedicated itself to the care and social development of abandoned street children in Mexico. Examines the organization's efforts to achieve financial sustainability, particularly through earned income activities on its farm....
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Keywords:
Social Entrepreneurship;
Finance;
Management;
Organizations;
Problems and Challenges;
Nonprofit Organizations;
Balance and Stability;
Service Industry;
Mexico
Austin, James E., Wendy Bermudez, and Gustavo Escobar. "IPODERAC." Harvard Business School Case 399-016, July 1998. (Revised October 1999.)
- June 1998 (Revised April 2000)
- Case
GM Powertrain
By: Amy C. Edmondson and Mikelle Eastley
Discusses a young MBA plant manager who is improving the operations of a small General Motors components plant in Fredericksburg, Virginia. At 29 years old, Joe Hinrichs is the youngest plant manager at GM, and in his new assignment, he is faced with the daunting...
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Keywords:
Service Operations;
Labor Unions;
Problems and Challenges;
Technological Innovation;
Change Management;
Machinery and Machining;
Manufacturing Industry;
Auto Industry;
United States
Edmondson, Amy C., and Mikelle Eastley. "GM Powertrain." Harvard Business School Case 698-008, June 1998. (Revised April 2000.)
- June 1998 (Revised January 2001)
- Case
Browser Wars, 1994-1998, The
By: David B. Yoffie and Mary Kwak
Analyzes the competition between Netscape and Microsoft in the market for Web browsers and related products. Despite its first mover advantage, Netscape sees its market share fall once Microsoft becomes "hard-core" about the Internet. By the spring of 1998, the future...
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Keywords:
Applications and Software;
Internet and the Web;
Innovation and Management;
Growth and Development Strategy;
Competition;
Supply and Industry;
Information Technology Industry
Yoffie, David B., and Mary Kwak. "Browser Wars, 1994-1998, The." Harvard Business School Case 798-094, June 1998. (Revised January 2001.)
- June 1998 (Revised August 2001)
- Case
Wells Fargo Online Financial Services (A)
By: Robert S. Kaplan and Nicole Tempest
Wells Fargo, the industry leader in electronic banking, has implemented a Balanced Scorecard in its online financial services group (OFS) to track and measure performance. The OFS group develops and supports services that allow existing and future banking customers to...
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Keywords:
Balanced Scorecard;
Internet and the Web;
Corporate Entrepreneurship;
Corporate Strategy;
Performance Evaluation;
Finance;
Change;
Situation or Environment;
Measurement and Metrics;
Banking Industry;
Financial Services Industry
Kaplan, Robert S., and Nicole Tempest. "Wells Fargo Online Financial Services (A)." Harvard Business School Case 198-146, June 1998. (Revised August 2001.)
- May 1998
- Article
Market Structure, Innovation and Vertical Product Differentiation
By: Shane Greenstein and Garey Ramey
We reassess Arrow's (1962) [Economic Welfare and the Allocation of Resources for Invention, in NBER, The Rate and Direction of Innovative Activity (Princeton University Press, Princeton NJ)] results concerning the effect of market structure on the returns from process...
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Greenstein, Shane, and Garey Ramey. "Market Structure, Innovation and Vertical Product Differentiation." International Journal of Industrial Organization 16, no. 3 (May 1998): 285–311.
- April 1998
- Case
Jim Sharpe: Extrusion Technology, Inc. (C)
By: H. Kent Bowen and Barbara Feinberg
Jim Sharpe, president of Extrusion Technology, describes the first five years at the aluminum extrusion company he purchased. He begins with day one as he introduced himself to the employees in 1987 and assured them of the company's continuity. Over the next two years,...
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Keywords:
Acquisition;
Forecasting and Prediction;
Cost Management;
Profit;
Innovation Strategy;
Marketing Strategy;
Problems and Challenges;
Business and Stakeholder Relations;
Mining Industry
Bowen, H. Kent, and Barbara Feinberg. "Jim Sharpe: Extrusion Technology, Inc. (C)." Harvard Business School Case 698-096, April 1998.
- spring 1998
- Article
The Role of Tacit Knowledge in Group Innovation
By: D. A. Leonard and S. Sensiper
Leonard, D. A., and S. Sensiper. "The Role of Tacit Knowledge in Group Innovation." California Management Review 40, no. 3 (spring 1998): 112–132. (Reprint #CMR111.) (Reprinted with new introduction in Strategic Management of Intellectual Capital and Organizational Knowledge, eds. C. W. Choo and N. Bontis. New York: Oxford University Press, 2002.)
- March 1998 (Revised July 1998)
- Case
United Way Community Services
Describes in detail the fund development and distribution system of United Way Community Services. A key question is how to measure the outcome/impact of the work done by the agencies that receive United Way funding. A follow-on question is how to reinvent the...
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Keywords:
Capital;
Management Systems;
Measurement and Metrics;
Distribution Channels;
Organizational Change and Adaptation;
Outcome or Result;
Nonprofit Organizations
Rangan, V. Kasturi. "United Way Community Services." Harvard Business School Case 598-138, March 1998. (Revised July 1998.)
- January 1998 (Revised February 2006)
- Background Note
Creating Competitive Advantage
By: Pankaj Ghemawat and Jan W. Rivkin
A firm such as Schering-Plough that earns superior, long-run financial returns within its industry is said to enjoy a competitive advantage over its rivals. This note examines the logic of how firms create competitive advantage. It emphasizes two themes: First, to...
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Keywords:
Competitive Advantage;
Competitive Strategy;
Management;
Business Strategy;
Growth and Development Strategy;
Innovation Strategy;
Management Practices and Processes;
Value Creation;
Pharmaceutical Industry
Ghemawat, Pankaj, and Jan W. Rivkin. "Creating Competitive Advantage." Harvard Business School Background Note 798-062, January 1998. (Revised February 2006.)
- January 1998 (Revised May 1999)
- Case
General Scanning, Inc. (A)
By: H. Kent Bowen, Sean McClenaghan and Charles Tillen
General Scanning, Inc. was founded by Jean Montagu and Pierre Brosens, two MIT mechanical engineers with an interest in developing innovative products based on the early application of lasers. They invented proprietary technology for laser beam positioning and scanning...
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Keywords:
Transition;
Entrepreneurship;
Management Practices and Processes;
Product Development;
Strategic Planning;
Research and Development;
Risk and Uncertainty;
Commercialization;
Manufacturing Industry
Bowen, H. Kent, Sean McClenaghan, and Charles Tillen. "General Scanning, Inc. (A)." Harvard Business School Case 698-036, January 1998. (Revised May 1999.)
- December 1997 (Revised April 1998)
- Case
www.springs.com
By: F. Warren McFarlan and Melissa Dailey
Business Week's June 1997 "Rising Star" profile of Springs Industries' president and COO, Crandall Bowles, reported that she was poised to become one of the top two or three women executives in the country. In November 1997, the company announced Bowles' appointment to...
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Keywords:
Information Technology;
Operations;
Product Marketing;
Management;
Strategy;
Consumer Products Industry;
South Carolina
McFarlan, F. Warren, and Melissa Dailey. "www.springs.com." Harvard Business School Case 398-091, December 1997. (Revised April 1998.)
- December 1997
- Article
What is the Optimum Amount of Organizational Slack? A Study of the Relationship Between Slack and Innovation in Multinational Firms
By: Ranjay Gulati and Nitin Nohria
Gulati, Ranjay, and Nitin Nohria. "What is the Optimum Amount of Organizational Slack? A Study of the Relationship Between Slack and Innovation in Multinational Firms." European Management Journal 15, no. 6 (December 1997): 603–611. (This is a longer version of the paper we jointly published in Academy Management Journal in 1996.)
- November 1997 (Revised May 1999)
- Case
Medical Foods, Inc.
By: Ray A. Goldberg and Tom Clay
Dr. Franklin Lowe is CEO of a new kind of company in a new kind of industry--medical foods. He must select a business model and partners that will help make this a viable business.
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Keywords:
Business Model;
Partners and Partnerships;
Business or Company Management;
Strategy;
Business Startups;
Health Care and Treatment;
Food;
Innovation and Management;
Food and Beverage Industry;
Health Industry
Goldberg, Ray A., and Tom Clay. "Medical Foods, Inc." Harvard Business School Case 598-048, November 1997. (Revised May 1999.)
- October 1997 (Revised November 1997)
- Case
NAACP, The
By: James E. Austin, Paul Barese, Stephanie L. Woerner and Elaine V. Backman
In February 1995, the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP), the largest civil rights organization in the United States, was in the midst of a crisis. The executive director had been fired due to financial improprieties amid charges of...
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Keywords:
Crime and Corruption;
Capital;
Governance Controls;
Resignation and Termination;
Selection and Staffing;
Rights;
Leadership;
Management;
United States
Austin, James E., Paul Barese, Stephanie L. Woerner, and Elaine V. Backman. "NAACP, The ." Harvard Business School Case 398-039, October 1997. (Revised November 1997.)
- October 1997 (Revised April 2002)
- Case
Planned Parenthood Federation of America (A)
By: V. Kasturi Rangan and Elaine V. Backman
Outlines the dynamic shifts in the external environment surrounding Planned Parenthood's operations in 1994. Health care reform was threatening some of its core customer base. The organization had to come up with a strategy and a process for adapting to the new...
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Rangan, V. Kasturi, and Elaine V. Backman. "Planned Parenthood Federation of America (A)." Harvard Business School Case 598-001, October 1997. (Revised April 2002.)