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All HBS Web
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- Faculty Publications (244)
- September 2019
- Article
The Effect of Enforcement Transparency: Evidence from SEC Comment-Letter Reviews
By: Miguel Duro, Jonas Heese and Gaizka Ormazabal
This paper studies the effect of the public disclosure of the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) comment-letter reviews (CLs) on firms’ financial reporting. We exploit a major change in the SEC’s disclosure policy: in 2004, the SEC decided to make its CLs...
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Keywords:
Disclosure;
SEC Comment-Letter Reviews;
Public Enforcement;
Governance;
Information Publishing;
Policy;
Financial Reporting;
Capital Markets;
Organizational Change and Adaptation
Duro, Miguel, Jonas Heese, and Gaizka Ormazabal. "The Effect of Enforcement Transparency: Evidence from SEC Comment-Letter Reviews." Review of Accounting Studies 24, no. 3 (September 2019): 780–823.
- July 2019
- Article
Market Reaction to Mandatory Nonfinancial Disclosure
By: Jody Grewal, Edward J. Riedl and George Serafeim
We examine the equity market reaction to events associated with the passage of a directive in the European Union (EU) mandating increased nonfinancial disclosure. These disclosures relate to firms’ environmental, social, and governance (ESG) performance and would be...
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Keywords:
Nonfinancial Information;
Nonfinancial Performance;
ESG;
ESG (Environmental, Social, Governance) Performance;
Investor Behavior;
Disclosure;
Disclosure Regulation;
Regulation;
Sustainability;
Corporate Performance;
Information;
Corporate Disclosure;
Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms;
Performance;
Environmental Sustainability;
Corporate Governance;
Outcome or Result
Grewal, Jody, Edward J. Riedl, and George Serafeim. "Market Reaction to Mandatory Nonfinancial Disclosure." Management Science 65, no. 7 (July 2019): 3061–3084.
- June 18, 2019
- Article
Research: Investors Reward Companies That Talk Up Their Digital Initiatives
By: Suraj Srinivasan and Wilbur Chen
A study of how companies disclose their digital initiatives on earnings calls and written communications finds that more firms are using these technologies, that financial markets reward companies that disclose such initiatives, but that financial performance...
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Srinivasan, Suraj, and Wilbur Chen. "Research: Investors Reward Companies That Talk Up Their Digital Initiatives." Harvard Business Review (website) (June 18, 2019).
- May 2019
- Teaching Note
Tesla, Inc. in 2018
By: Siko Sikochi and Suraj Srinivasan
Teaching Note for HBS No. 119-013. The case facilitates a discussion about corporate governance and its role in achieving sustainable profitability and driving long-term shareholder value. The discussion can focus on such questions as what constitutes good governance,...
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- May 2019
- Article
Who Consumes Firm Disclosures? Evidence from Earnings Conference Calls
By: Anne Heinrichs, Jihwon Park and Eugene F. Soltes
Using a set of proprietary records, we examine who consumes quarterly earnings conference calls and under which circumstances the calls are consumed. While there is significant interest in calls by institutional investors and sell-side analysts, we find that investors...
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Keywords:
Disclosure;
Conference Calls;
Firm News;
Corporate Disclosure;
Business Earnings;
Situation or Environment
Heinrichs, Anne, Jihwon Park, and Eugene F. Soltes. "Who Consumes Firm Disclosures? Evidence from Earnings Conference Calls." Accounting Review 94, no. 3 (May 2019): 205–231.
- Article
Four Things No One Will Tell You About ESG Data
By: Sakis Kotsantonis and George Serafeim
As the ESG finance field and the use of ESG data in investment decision-making continue to grow, the authors seek to shed light on several important aspects of ESG measurement and data. This article is intended to provide a useful guide for the rapidly rising number of...
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Keywords:
ESG;
ESG (Environmental, Social, Governance) Performance;
ESG Reporting;
Data Analytics;
Sustainability;
Sustainability Reporting;
CSR;
Transparency;
Investment Management;
Socially Responsible Investing;
Sustainable Finance;
Sustainable Development;
Inclusion;
Inclusive Growth;
Corporate Social Responsibility and Impact;
Corporate Accountability;
Investment;
Management;
Climate Change;
Corporate Governance;
Diversity;
Integrated Corporate Reporting
Kotsantonis, Sakis, and George Serafeim. "Four Things No One Will Tell You About ESG Data." Journal of Applied Corporate Finance 31, no. 2 (Spring 2019): 50–58.
- April 2019
- Article
Shooting the Messenger
By: Leslie John, Hayley Blunden and Heidi Liu
Eleven experiments provide evidence that people have a tendency to “shoot the messenger,” deeming innocent bearers of bad news unlikeable. In a preregistered lab experiment, participants rated messengers who delivered bad news from a random drawing as relatively...
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Keywords:
Judgment;
Communication;
Sense-making;
Attribution;
Disclosure;
Interpersonal Communication;
Perception;
Judgments;
Motivation and Incentives
John, Leslie, Hayley Blunden, and Heidi Liu. "Shooting the Messenger." Journal of Experimental Psychology: General 148, no. 4 (April 2019): 644–666.
- Article
Why Am I Seeing This Ad? The Effect of Ad Transparency on Ad Effectiveness
By: Tami Kim, Kate Barasz and Leslie K. John
Given the increasingly specific ways marketers can target ads, many consumers and regulators are demanding ad transparency: disclosure of how consumers’ personal information was used to generate ads. We investigate how and why ad transparency impacts ad effectiveness....
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Keywords:
Digital Marketing;
Customization and Personalization;
Information;
Trust;
Performance Effectiveness
Kim, Tami, Kate Barasz, and Leslie K. John. "Why Am I Seeing This Ad? The Effect of Ad Transparency on Ad Effectiveness." Journal of Consumer Research 45, no. 5 (February 2019): 906–932.
- 2018
- Article
What Can Managers Privately Disclose to Investors?
By: Eugene F. Soltes
Regulators have long been aware that differential access to information can undermine the efficiency and fairness of financial markets. In an effort to place investors on equal footing, the Securities and Exchange Commission in 2000 created Regulation Fair Disclosure...
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Keywords:
Disclosure Regulation;
Information;
Communication;
Business and Shareholder Relations;
Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms
Soltes, Eugene F. "What Can Managers Privately Disclose to Investors?" Yale Journal on Regulation Bulletin 36 (2018): 148–169.
- November 2018 (Revised January 2020)
- Case
Tesla, Inc. in 2018
By: Siko Sikochi, Suraj Srinivasan and Quinn Pitcher
On August 7, 2018 Elon Musk, Chairman and CEO of Tesla tweeted that he was considering taking Tesla private and had secured funding. Weeks went by without details about a deal and speculation grew that Musk had misled investors. He soon abandoned the idea, but the...
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Keywords:
Disclosure Regulation;
Board Independence;
Corporate Governance;
Business and Shareholder Relations;
Governing and Advisory Boards
Sikochi, Siko, Suraj Srinivasan, and Quinn Pitcher. "Tesla, Inc. in 2018." Harvard Business School Case 119-013, November 2018. (Revised January 2020.)
- November 2018 (Revised January 2019)
- Case
Investor Relations Practices at Edwards Lifesciences
By: C. Fritz Foley and F. Katelynn Boland
In January 2017, the senior leadership team at Edwards Lifesciences were preparing for the quarterly earnings call that would cover the fourth quarter of 2016. They faced questions about what types of information they should disclose on the call, as well as during...
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Keywords:
Investor Relations;
Medical Devices;
Corporate Disclosure;
Decisions;
Business and Shareholder Relations;
Medical Devices and Supplies Industry;
United States
Foley, C. Fritz, and F. Katelynn Boland. "Investor Relations Practices at Edwards Lifesciences." Harvard Business School Case 219-058, November 2018. (Revised January 2019.)
- November–December 2018
- Article
Uncertainty about Managers' Reporting Objectives and Investors' Response to Earnings Reports: Evidence from the 2006 Executive Compensation Disclosures
By: Fabrizio Ferri, Ronghuo Zheng and Yuan Zou
Ferri, Fabrizio, Ronghuo Zheng, and Yuan Zou. "Uncertainty about Managers' Reporting Objectives and Investors' Response to Earnings Reports: Evidence from the 2006 Executive Compensation Disclosures." Journal of Accounting & Economics 66, nos. 2-3 (November–December 2018): 339–365.
- October 2018 (Revised August 2023)
- Case
Safecast: Bootstrapping Human Capital to Big Data
By: Ethan Bernstein and Stephanie Marton
On March 11, 2011, at 2:46pm, a 9.1-on-the-Richter-scale, six-minute long earthquake unleashed a tsunami that ravaged the Tohoku region of Japan, damaging the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power facility and releasing sufficient radioactive material into the air and ocean...
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Keywords:
Citizen Science;
Creative Commons;
Open Data;
Open Architecture;
Volunteer-based Organization;
Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Facility;
311;
Nuclear;
Radiation;
Crowdsourcing;
Bgeigie;
Geiger Counters;
Kickstarter;
Sustainability;
Sustainable Business And Innovation;
Design;
Energy Generation;
Social Entrepreneurship;
Human Capital;
Innovation and Invention;
Crisis Management;
Organizational Structure;
Organizational Design;
Information Technology;
Business Model;
Energy Industry;
Technology Industry;
Japan;
North and Central America;
Europe
Bernstein, Ethan, and Stephanie Marton. "Safecast: Bootstrapping Human Capital to Big Data." Harvard Business School Case 419-033, October 2018. (Revised August 2023.)
- October 2018 (Revised September 2022)
- Case
Stock-Based Compensation at Twitter
By: Jonas Heese, Zeya Yang and Mike Young
Olivia Nash, an analyst at leading hedge fund BlueShark Capital Management, had just finished listening to the hour-long earnings call for Twitter’s Q4 2017 results. Was Twitter doing well? That depended on which numbers she chose to believe. According to Generally...
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Keywords:
Twitter;
Non-GAAP Disclosure;
Stock-based Compensation;
Earnings Management;
Corporate Disclosure;
Compensation and Benefits;
Stocks;
Measurement and Metrics
Heese, Jonas, Zeya Yang, and Mike Young. "Stock-Based Compensation at Twitter." Harvard Business School Case 119-032, October 2018. (Revised September 2022.)
- Editorial
Why CEOs Should Share Their Long-Term Plans with Investors
By: Christina Rehnberg, George Serafeim and Brian Tomlinson
Rather than requiring less short-term information, the key to combating short-termism is to encourage companies to share more information about their long-term plans. Analysis of companies that have done so suggests that long-term plans are not mere marketing...
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Keywords:
CEO;
Investor Relations;
Disclosure;
Long-term Growth;
Investing;
Business and Shareholder Relations;
Strategy;
Corporate Disclosure
Rehnberg, Christina, George Serafeim, and Brian Tomlinson. "Why CEOs Should Share Their Long-Term Plans with Investors." Harvard Business Review (website) (September 19, 2018).
- September 2018
- Article
When and Why Randomized Response Techniques (Fail to) Elicit the Truth
By: Leslie K. John, George Loewenstein, Alessandro Acquisti and Joachim Vosgerau
By adding random noise to individual responses, randomized response techniques (RRTs) are intended to enhance privacy protection and encourage honest disclosure of sensitive information. Empirical findings on their success in doing so are, however, mixed. In nine...
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Keywords:
Truth-telling;
Lying;
Privacy;
Information Disclosure;
Survey Research;
Surveys;
Attitudes;
Behavior
John, Leslie K., George Loewenstein, Alessandro Acquisti, and Joachim Vosgerau. "When and Why Randomized Response Techniques (Fail to) Elicit the Truth." Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes 148 (September 2018): 101–123.
- Spring 2018
- Article
The Next Phase of Business Sustainability
The era of corporations integrating sustainable practices is being surpassed by a new age of corporations actively transforming the market to make it more sustainable.
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Keywords:
Environmental Sustainability;
Trends;
Corporate Social Responsibility and Impact;
Corporate Disclosure
Hoffman, Andrew J. "The Next Phase of Business Sustainability." Stanford Social Innovation Review (Spring 2018): 34–39.
- February 2018 (Revised June 2021)
- Case
New Constructs: Disrupting Fundamental Analysis with Robo-Analysts
By: Charles C.Y. Wang and Kyle Thomas
This case highlights the business challenges associated with a financial technology firm, New Constructs, that created a technology that can quickly parse complicated public firm financials to paint a clearer economic picture of firms, remove accounting distortions,...
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Keywords:
Fundamental Analysis;
Machine Learning;
Robo-analysts;
Financial Statements;
Financial Reporting;
Analysis;
Information Technology;
Accounting Industry;
Financial Services Industry;
Information Technology Industry;
North America;
Tennessee
Wang, Charles C.Y., and Kyle Thomas. "New Constructs: Disrupting Fundamental Analysis with Robo-Analysts." Harvard Business School Case 118-068, February 2018. (Revised June 2021.)
- February 2018
- Article
Patent Publication and the Market for Ideas
By: Deepak Hegde and Hong Luo
In this paper, we study the effect of invention disclosure through patent publication on the market for ideas. We do so by analyzing the effects of the American Inventor's Protection Act of 1999 (AIPA)—which required U.S. patent applications to be published 18 months...
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Keywords:
Licensing;
Patent Publication;
Invention Disclosure;
Patents;
Information Publishing;
Innovation and Invention;
Knowledge Dissemination
Hegde, Deepak, and Hong Luo. "Patent Publication and the Market for Ideas." Management Science 64, no. 2 (February 2018): 652–672.
- November 7, 2017
- Article
Temporary Sharing Prompts Unrestrained Disclosures That Leave Lasting Negative Impressions
By: Reto Hofstetter, Roland Rüppell and Leslie John
With the advent of social media, the impressions people make on others are based increasingly on their digital disclosures. Yet digital disclosures can come back to haunt, making it challenging for people to manage the impressions they make. In field and online...
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Keywords:
Disclosure;
Privacy;
Self-presentation;
Impression Formation;
Behavior;
Perspective;
Internet and the Web;
Social Media
Hofstetter, Reto, Roland Rüppell, and Leslie John. "Temporary Sharing Prompts Unrestrained Disclosures That Leave Lasting Negative Impressions." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 114, no. 45 (November 7, 2017).