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All HBS Web
(2,091)
- Faculty Publications (560)
- 2022
- Working Paper
A Conceptualization of Sub-Living Wages: Liabilities, Leverage, and Risk
By: Drew Keller, Katie Panella and George Serafeim
Currently the accounting system records employee wages as an expense in the income statement. However, paying below living wages can expose an organization to reputational and operational risks. In this paper, we offer an alternative conceptualization of the issue of...
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Keywords:
Accounting;
Impact Accounting;
Leverage;
Wages;
Compensation and Benefits;
Business and Stakeholder Relations;
Business and Government Relations;
Social Issues;
Human Capital
Keller, Drew, Katie Panella, and George Serafeim. "A Conceptualization of Sub-Living Wages: Liabilities, Leverage, and Risk." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 22-076, June 2022.
- Article
How Much Should We Trust Staggered Difference-In-Differences Estimates?
By: Andrew C. Baker, David F. Larcker and Charles C.Y. Wang
We explain when and how staggered difference-in-differences regression estimators, commonly applied to assess the impact of policy changes, are biased. These biases are likely to be relevant for a large portion of research settings in finance, accounting, and law that...
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Keywords:
Difference In Differences;
Staggered Difference-in-differences Designs;
Generalized Difference-in-differences;
Dynamic Treatment Effects;
Mathematical Methods
Baker, Andrew C., David F. Larcker, and Charles C.Y. Wang. "How Much Should We Trust Staggered Difference-In-Differences Estimates?" Journal of Financial Economics 144, no. 2 (May 2022): 370–395. (Editor's Choice, May 2022; Jensen Prize, First Place, June 2023.)
- 2022
- Chapter
Capitalism and the Environment
By: Geoffrey Jones
Capitalism drove the environmental decimation of the planet. The environment was seen as a free good, while the consequences of dirty industrial and agricultural processes were seen as external to the firm. Public policies largely allowed this to happen, as politicians...
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Keywords:
History;
Environment;
Sustainability;
Capitalism;
Ethics;
Business History;
Environmental Sustainability;
Green Technology;
Pollution;
Climate Change
Jones, Geoffrey. "Capitalism and the Environment." Chap. 8 in Evolutions of Capitalism: Historical Perspectives: 1200–2000, edited by Catherine Casson and Philipp Robinson Rössner, 187–211. Bristol, United Kingdom: Bristol University Press, 2022.
- 2022
- Working Paper
THEMIS: A Framework for Cost-Benefit Analysis of COVID-19 Non-Pharmaceutical Interventions
By: Dimitris Bertsimas, Michael Lingzhi Li and Saksham Soni
Since December 2019, the world has been ravaged by the COVID-19 pandemic, with over 150 million confirmed cases and 3 million confirmed deaths worldwide. To combat the spread of COVID-19, governments have issued unprecedented non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs),...
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Keywords:
COVID-19;
Health Pandemics;
Policy;
Framework;
Cost vs Benefits;
Outcome or Result;
United States;
Germany;
Brazil;
Singapore;
Spain
Bertsimas, Dimitris, Michael Lingzhi Li, and Saksham Soni. "THEMIS: A Framework for Cost-Benefit Analysis of COVID-19 Non-Pharmaceutical Interventions." Working Paper, April 2022.
- March 31, 2022
- Article
Two Approaches to Capping Health Care Prices
By: Michael E. Chernew, Maximilian J. Pany and Leemore S. Dafny
High health care prices for the privately-insured contribute to high premiums, which put downward pressure on wages, and induce employers to reduce benefit generosity and charge employees more for coverage. As the average annual premium for family coverage currently...
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Chernew, Michael E., Maximilian J. Pany, and Leemore S. Dafny. "Two Approaches to Capping Health Care Prices." Health Affairs Forefront (March 31, 2022).
- 2024
- Working Paper
The Credit Rating Agency Market in Africa: Landscape and Future Research Directions
By: Saveshen Pillay and Anywhere Sikochi
We explore the role of credit ratings in global markets and highlight potential opportunities for research on the African credit rating agency market. We trace the evolution of credit ratings and conduct a comprehensive literature review of existing studies globally...
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Keywords:
Credit Rating;
Credit Rating Agencies;
Regulation;
Conflict Of Interest;
Credit;
Capital;
Africa
Pillay, Saveshen, and Anywhere Sikochi. "The Credit Rating Agency Market in Africa: Landscape and Future Research Directions." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 22-074, June 2022. (Journal of Financial Reporting, Online early access, April 18, 2024.)
- March 2022 (Revised August 2022)
- Case
LooksRare: The Decentralized, Tokenized, NFT Marketplace
By: Scott Duke Kominers, Shai Bernstein and George Gonzalez
LooksRare launched a decentralized and anonymous organization to compete against NFT marketplace leader OpenSea. By launching its own cryptocurrency, LooksRare attempted to lure users with a digital rewards program. The nature of the organization and its business...
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Keywords:
NFTs;
Alternative Assets;
Blockchain;
Cryptocurrency;
Customer Relationship Management;
Market Entry and Exit;
Business Model;
Marketing
Kominers, Scott Duke, Shai Bernstein, and George Gonzalez. "LooksRare: The Decentralized, Tokenized, NFT Marketplace." Harvard Business School Case 822-119, March 2022. (Revised August 2022.)
- March 2022 (Revised May 2022)
- Case
Winning Business at Russell Reynolds (A)
By: Ethan Bernstein and Cara Mazzucco
In an effort to make compensation drive collaboration, Russell Reynolds Associates’ (RRA) CEO Clarke Murphy sought to re-engineer the bonus system for his executive search consultants in 2016. As his HR analytics guru, Kelly Smith, points out, that risks upsetting–and...
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Keywords:
Compensation;
Collaboration;
Executive Search Firms;
Consulting Firms;
Compensation and Benefits;
Restructuring;
Human Resources;
Human Capital;
Management Practices and Processes;
Organizational Culture;
Organizational Change and Adaptation;
Social and Collaborative Networks;
Recruitment;
Selection and Staffing;
Talent and Talent Management;
Consulting Industry;
Employment Industry;
Asia;
Europe;
Latin America;
Middle East;
North and Central America;
South America;
Oceania
Bernstein, Ethan, and Cara Mazzucco. "Winning Business at Russell Reynolds (A)." Harvard Business School Case 422-045, March 2022. (Revised May 2022.)
- March 2022
- Supplement
Winning Business at Russell Reynolds (B)
By: Ethan Bernstein and Cara Mazzucco
In an effort to make compensation drive collaboration, Russell Reynolds Associates’ (RRA) CEO Clarke Murphy sought to re-engineer the bonus system for his executive search consultants in 2016. As his HR analytics guru, Kelly Smith, points out, that risks upsetting–and...
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Keywords:
Compensation;
Collaboration;
Executive Search Firms;
Consulting Firms;
Compensation and Benefits;
Restructuring;
Human Resources;
Human Capital;
Management Practices and Processes;
Organizational Culture;
Organizational Change and Adaptation;
Social and Collaborative Networks;
Recruitment;
Selection and Staffing;
Talent and Talent Management;
Consulting Industry;
Employment Industry;
Asia;
Europe;
Latin America;
Middle East;
North and Central America;
South America;
Oceania
Bernstein, Ethan, and Cara Mazzucco. "Winning Business at Russell Reynolds (B)." Harvard Business School Supplement 422-046, March 2022.
- February 2022 (Revised January 2024)
- Supplement
Winning Business at Russell Reynolds (C)
By: Ethan Bernstein and Cara Mazzucco
In an effort to make compensation drive collaboration, Russell Reynolds Associates’ (RRA) CEO Clarke Murphy sought to re-engineer the bonus system for his executive search consultants in 2016. As his HR analytics guru, Kelly Smith, points out, that risks upsetting–and...
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- February 2022 (Revised November 2022)
- Case
Fondeadora
By: Álvaro Rodríguez Arregui and Mitchell Weiss
Norman Müller and René Serrano, cofounders of Fondeadora, a Mexican “neobank,” had lined up a $12.5 million in Series A funding round in 2020 only to run into a major obstacle: The lead investor was Gradient Ventures, a venture firm launched by Alphabet, Inc., and...
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Keywords:
Fundraising;
Entrepreneurship;
Venture Capital;
Financial Institutions;
Business Startups;
Government Legislation;
Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms;
Financial Strategy;
Financial Services Industry;
Mexico City;
Latin America
Rodríguez Arregui, Álvaro, and Mitchell Weiss. "Fondeadora." Harvard Business School Case 822-077, February 2022. (Revised November 2022.)
- 2022
- Working Paper
Hate Crime Increases with Minoritized Group Rank
People are on the move in unprecedented numbers within and between countries. How does demographic change affect local intergroup dynamics? In complement to accounts that emphasize stereotypical features of groups as determinants of their treatment, we propose the...
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- January 2022 (Revised March 2022)
- Technical Note
Deglobalization and Alternative Futures
By: Geoffrey Jones and Valeria Giacomin
This note reviews the evidence that the world is undergoing an era of de-globalization. It shows that available metrics show some support for this theory. However there is also evidence that what is happening might be better described as regionalization. The nature of...
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Keywords:
Global Business;
Regional Economic Activity: Growth, Development, Environmental Issues, And Changes;
Populism;
Geopolitics;
Business History;
Globalization;
Change;
Financial Crisis;
China
Jones, Geoffrey, and Valeria Giacomin. "Deglobalization and Alternative Futures." Harvard Business School Technical Note 322-088, January 2022. (Revised March 2022.)
- January 2022
- Article
Investing Outside the Box: Evidence from Alternative Vehicles in Private Equity
By: Josh Lerner, Jason Mao, Antoinette Schoar and Nan R. Zhang
This paper uses previously unexplored custodial data to examine the use of alternative investment vehicles in private equity (PE) over four decades. We document a steep increase in the capital directed to alternative vehicles, with these vehicles approaching a 40%...
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Keywords:
Alternative Investment Vehicles;
Investment Funds;
Private Equity;
Venture Capital;
Performance
Lerner, Josh, Jason Mao, Antoinette Schoar, and Nan R. Zhang. "Investing Outside the Box: Evidence from Alternative Vehicles in Private Equity." Journal of Financial Economics 143, no. 1 (January 2022): 359–380. (Won the 2022 Doriot Award for the Best Private Equity Research Paper.)
- January–February 2022
- Article
Mobilizing the U.S. Military’s TRICARE Program for Value-Based Care: A Report From the Defense Health Board
By: Robert S. Kaplan, Paul R. Schaettle, Vivian S. Lee, Michael D. Parkinson, Gregory H. Gorman and Michael-Anne Browne
The U.S. Military Health System spends about $50 billion annually through its TRICARE health plans to provide care to 9.6 million active duty service members, retirees, and their families. TRICARE, historically, has used the predominant U.S. fee-for-service payment...
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Kaplan, Robert S., Paul R. Schaettle, Vivian S. Lee, Michael D. Parkinson, Gregory H. Gorman, and Michael-Anne Browne. "Mobilizing the U.S. Military’s TRICARE Program for Value-Based Care: A Report From the Defense Health Board." Military Medicine 187, nos. 1-2 (January–February 2022): 12–16.
- 2022
- Working Paper
The Fed and the Secular Decline in Interest Rates
In this paper I document a striking fact: a narrow window around Fed meetings fully captures the secular decline in U.S. Treasury yields since 1980. By contrast, yield movements outside this window are transitory and wash out over time. This is surprising because the...
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Keywords:
United States Treasury;
Monetary Policy;
Yield Curve;
Central Banking;
Interest Rates;
Valuation
Hillenbrand, Sebastian. "The Fed and the Secular Decline in Interest Rates." Working Paper, January 2022.
- Article
The Supply Chain Economy: New Policies to Drive Innovation and Jobs
By: Mercedes Delgado and Karen G. Mills
The debate in economic policymaking about the drivers of innovation and job creation has long centered on manufacturing versus services. The predominant view is that manufacturing drives innovation, wages, and growth, and that services provide less innovation and...
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Keywords:
Supply Chain Industries;
Supply Chain;
Economy;
Policy;
Innovation and Invention;
Jobs and Positions
Delgado, Mercedes, and Karen G. Mills. "The Supply Chain Economy: New Policies to Drive Innovation and Jobs." Economía Industrial, no. 421 (December 2021).
- 2022
- Working Paper
Omnia Juncta in Uno: Foreign Powers and Trademark Protection in Shanghai's Concession Era
By: Laura Alfaro, Cathy Bao, Maggie X. Chen, Junjie Hong and Claudia Steinwender
We investigate how firms and markets adapt to trademark protection, an extensively used
but under-examined form of IP protection to address asymmetric information, by exploring
a historical precedent: China’s trademark law of 1923. Exploiting unique, newly...
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Keywords:
Trademark;
Firm Dynamics;
Intermediaries;
Intellectual Property Institutions;
Trademarks;
Intellectual Property;
Laws and Statutes;
Outcome or Result;
Organizational Change and Adaptation;
China
Alfaro, Laura, Cathy Bao, Maggie X. Chen, Junjie Hong, and Claudia Steinwender. "Omnia Juncta in Uno: Foreign Powers and Trademark Protection in Shanghai's Concession Era." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 22-030, November 2021. (Revised November 2022.)
- Article
Complementarity between Audited Financial Reporting and Voluntary Disclosure: The Case of Former Andersen Clients
By: Richard Frankel, Alon Kalay, Gil Sadka and Yuan Zou
Prior literature presents various perspectives on the role of financial reporting. One view is that mandatory periodic reporting disciplines managers and encourages timely voluntary disclosure. We examine this "confirmation hypothesis" using the shock to financial...
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Keywords:
Financial Disclosure;
Mandatory Reporting;
Reliability;
Voluntary Disclosure;
Financial Reporting;
Quality;
Corporate Disclosure
Frankel, Richard, Alon Kalay, Gil Sadka, and Yuan Zou. "Complementarity between Audited Financial Reporting and Voluntary Disclosure: The Case of Former Andersen Clients." Accounting Review 96, no. 6 (November 2021): 215–238.
- Fall 2021
- Article
Emboldening and Contesting Gender and Skin Color Stereotypes in the Film Industry in India, 1947–1991
By: Sudev Sheth, Geoffrey Jones and Morgan Spencer
This article examines how the film industry influenced prevailing gender and skin color stereotypes in India during the first four decades after Independence in 1947. It shows that Bollywood, the mainstream cinema in India, shared Hollywood's privileging of paler skin...
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Keywords:
Bollywood;
Film Industry;
Hollywood;
Tamil Cinema;
Male Gaze;
Stereotypes;
Social Impact;
Gender;
Race;
Ethnicity;
Film Entertainment;
Motion Pictures and Video Industry;
India;
United States
Sheth, Sudev, Geoffrey Jones, and Morgan Spencer. "Emboldening and Contesting Gender and Skin Color Stereotypes in the Film Industry in India, 1947–1991." Business History Review 95, no. 3 (Fall 2021): 483–515.