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- 2022
- Article
Dynamic Pricing Algorithms, Consumer Harm, and Regulatory Response
By: Alexander MacKay and Samuel N. Weinstein
Pricing algorithms are rapidly transforming markets, from ride-sharing apps, to air travel, to online retail. Regulators and scholars have watched this development with a wary eye. Their focus so far has been on the potential for pricing algorithms to facilitate...
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Keywords:
Competition Policy;
Regulation;
Algorithmic Pricing;
Dynamic Pricing;
Economics;
Law And Economics;
Law And Regulation;
Consumer Protection;
Antitrust Law;
Industrial Organization;
Antitrust Issues And Policies;
Technological Change: Choices And Consequences;
Competition;
Policy;
Price;
Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms;
Microeconomics;
Duopoly and Oligopoly;
Law
- September 2022 (Revised September 2022)
- Teaching Note
PittaRosso: Artificial Intelligence-Driven Pricing and Promotion
By: Ayelet Israeli
Teaching Note for HBS Case No. 522-046.
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Keywords:
Artificial Intelligence;
Pricing;
Pricing Algorithm;
Pricing Decisions;
Pricing Strategy;
Pricing Structure;
Promotion;
Promotions;
Online Marketing;
Data-driven Decision-making;
Data-driven Management;
Retail;
Retail Analytics;
Price;
Advertising Campaigns;
Analytics and Data Science;
Analysis;
Digital Marketing;
Budgets and Budgeting;
Marketing Strategy;
Marketing;
Transformation;
Decision Making;
AI and Machine Learning;
Retail Industry;
Italy
- August 2022
- Case
SuperRare: Turning an NFT Marketplace into a DAO
By: Jeffrey J. Bussgang, Scott Duke Kominers and Amy Klopfenstein
In June 2021, John Crain and Jonathan Perkins, the founders of SuperRare, a marketplace for non-fungible tokens (NFTs), contemplate whether to transform their company into a decentralized autonomous organization (DAO). Crain and Perkins founded SuperRare in 2018 to...
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Keywords:
NFTs;
Crypto Economy;
Alternative Assets;
DAOs;
Arts;
Governance;
Governance Controls;
Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms;
Information Technology;
Technology Adoption;
Internet and the Web;
Digital Platforms;
Innovation and Invention;
Technological Innovation;
Disruptive Innovation;
Finance;
Currency;
Investment;
Markets;
Auctions;
Bids and Bidding;
Demand and Consumers;
Network Effects;
Market Design;
Market Transactions;
Market Timing;
Web Services Industry;
North and Central America;
United States
- 2022
- Article
Regulatory Treatment of Changes in Fair Value and the Composition of Banks' Investment Portfolios
By: Michael Iselin, Jung Koo Kang and Joshua Madsen
In their implementation of Basel III, U.S. bank regulators are again including changes in the fair value of available-for-sale (AFS) debt securities in Tier 1 capital, but only for the largest U.S. banks. This paper investigates a potential impact of expanding this...
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- May 2022
- Supplement
Maestro Pizza (B): The Competition Awakens
By: Ramon Casadesus-Masanell and Fares Khrais
Maestro pizza opened its first store in 2013 after its founder, Khalid Al Omran, recognized an opportunity in Saudi Arabia to offer high quality pizza at affordable prices. The business grew rapidly and under the radar at first, but soon enough caught the attention of...
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Keywords:
Competitive Strategy;
Competitive Advantage;
Competition;
Market Entry and Exit;
Emerging Markets;
Business Startups;
Corporate Entrepreneurship;
Product Positioning;
Disruption;
Disruptive Innovation;
Advertising;
Advertising Campaigns;
Social Media;
Forecasting and Prediction;
Crisis Management;
Growth and Development Strategy;
Brands and Branding;
Product Development;
Production;
Service Delivery;
Business Growth and Maturation;
Financial Statements;
Cost Management;
Analysis;
Quality;
Performance Consistency;
Customer Satisfaction;
Profit;
Family Ownership;
Food and Beverage Industry;
Saudi Arabia;
Middle East
- May 2022
- Supplement
Maestro Pizza (C): Taking the Fight Outside
By: Ramon Casadesus-Masanell and Fares Khrais
Maestro pizza opened its first store in 2013 after its founder, Khalid Al Omran, recognized an opportunity in Saudi Arabia to offer high quality pizza at affordable prices. The business grew rapidly and under the radar at first, but soon enough caught the attention of...
View Details
Keywords:
Competitive Strategy;
Competitive Advantage;
Competition;
Market Entry and Exit;
Emerging Markets;
Business Startups;
Corporate Entrepreneurship;
Product Positioning;
Disruption;
Disruptive Innovation;
Advertising;
Advertising Campaigns;
Social Media;
Forecasting and Prediction;
Crisis Management;
Growth and Development Strategy;
Brands and Branding;
Product Development;
Production;
Service Delivery;
Business Growth and Maturation;
Financial Statements;
Cost Management;
Analysis;
Quality;
Performance Consistency;
Customer Satisfaction;
Profit;
Family Ownership;
Food and Beverage Industry;
Middle East;
Saudi Arabia
- May 2022
- Case
Maestro Pizza: Coming in Hot!
By: Ramon Casadesus-Masanell and Fares Khrais
Maestro Pizza opened its first store in 2013 after its founder, Khalid Al Omran, recognized an opportunity in Saudi Arabia to offer high quality pizza at affordable prices. The business grew rapidly and under the radar at first, but soon enough caught the attention of...
View Details
Keywords:
Competitive Strategy;
Competitive Advantage;
Competition;
Market Entry and Exit;
Emerging Markets;
Business Startups;
Corporate Entrepreneurship;
Product Positioning;
Disruption;
Disruptive Innovation;
Advertising;
Advertising Campaigns;
Social Media;
Forecasting and Prediction;
Crisis Management;
Growth and Development Strategy;
Brands and Branding;
Product Development;
Production;
Service Delivery;
Business Growth and Maturation;
Financial Statements;
Cost Management;
Analysis;
Quality;
Performance Consistency;
Customer Satisfaction;
Profit;
Family Ownership;
Food and Beverage Industry;
Middle East;
Saudi Arabia
- 2022
- Working Paper
Distributional Consequences of Monetary Policy Across Races: Evidence from the U.S. Credit Register
By: Laura Alfaro, Ester Faia and Camelia Minoiu
We examine the consequences of monetary policy on racial disparities, focusing on the role of bank lending to firms through collateral and selection channels. Leveraging comprehensive loan-level data from the U.S. credit register (Y-14Q) of the Federal Reserve, we show...
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- Article
Do the Right Firms Survive Bankruptcy?
By: Samuel Antill
In U.S. Chapter 11 bankruptcy cases, firms are either reorganized, acquired, or liquidated. I show that decisions to liquidate often reduce creditor recovery, costing creditors billions of dollars every year. I exploit the within-district random assignment of...
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- 2022
- Working Paper
Small Campaign Donors
By: Laurent Bouton, Julia Cagé, Edgard Dewitte and Vincent Pons
In this paper, we study the characteristics and behavior of small donors, and compare them to those of large donors. We first build a novel dataset including all the 340 million individual contributions reported to the U.S. Federal Election Commission between 2005 and...
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- April 2022
- Article
Going Out or Opting Out? Capital, Political Vulnerability, and the State in China's Outward Investment
By: Meg Rithmire
How do state-business relations interact with outward investment in authoritarian regimes? This paper examines this question in the context of China’s rapid transformation into a major capital exporter. While most political economy scholarship focuses on firms’...
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- 2022
- Chapter
Immigration Policy Levers for U.S. Innovation and Startups
By: William R. Kerr and Sari Pekkala Kerr
Immigrants account for about a quarter of US invention and entrepreneurship despite a policy environment that is not well suited for these purposes. This chapter reviews the U.S. immigration policy environment that governs how skilled migrants move to America for...
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- February 2022 (Revised April 2022)
- Case
BUA Group
By: John D. Macomber, Pippa Tubman Armerding and Wale Lawal
BUA Group must decide between investments in cement, road building, power generation, or sugar. Private businesses are important to economic development in Africa. Students must assess the competitive nature of each of these industries, the magnitude of capital...
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- February 2022 (Revised November 2022)
- Case
Fondeadora
Norman Müller and René Serrano, cofounders of Fondeadora, a Mexican “neobank,” had lined up a $12.5 million in Series A funding round in 2020 only to run into a major obstacle: The lead investor was Gradient Ventures, a venture firm launched by Alphabet, Inc., and...
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- 2022
- Working Paper
Calling All Issuers: The Market for Debt Monitoring
By: Huaizhi Chen, Lauren Cohen and Weiling Liu
A substantial fraction of local governments refinance their long-term debt with significant delays—resulting in sizable losses. Using data from 2001 to 2018, we estimate that U.S. municipals lost over $31 billion from this delayed refinancing, whereas the entire U.S....
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- 2022
- Working Paper
The Impact of Campaign Finance Rules on Candidate Selection and Electoral Outcomes: Evidence from France
By: Nikolaj Broberg, Vincent Pons and Clémence Tricaud
This paper investigates the effects of campaign finance rules on electoral outcomes. In French departmental and municipal elections, candidates competing in districts above 9,000 inhabitants face spending limits and are eligible for public reimbursement if they obtain...
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- 2021
- Working Paper
Dynamic Pricing Algorithms, Consumer Harm, and Regulatory Response
By: Alexander J. MacKay and Samuel Weinstein
Pricing algorithms are rapidly transforming markets, from ride-sharing apps, to air travel, to online retail. Regulators and scholars have watched this development with a wary eye. Their focus so far has been on the potential for pricing algorithms to facilitate...
View Details
- November 2021 (Revised December 2021)
- Supplement
PittaRosso (B): Human and Machine Learning
By: Ayelet Israeli
This case supplements the "PittaRosso: Artificial Intelligence-Driven Pricing and Promotion" case, and provides major highlights on what happened at the company since the first case.
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Keywords:
Artificial Intelligence;
Pricing;
Pricing Algorithm;
Pricing Decisions;
Pricing Strategy;
Pricing Structure;
Promotion;
Promotions;
Online Marketing;
Data-driven Decision-making;
Data-driven Management;
Retail;
Retail Analytics;
Price;
Advertising Campaigns;
Analytics and Data Science;
Analysis;
Digital Marketing;
Budgets and Budgeting;
Marketing Strategy;
Marketing;
Transformation;
Decision Making;
AI and Machine Learning;
Retail Industry;
Italy
- November 2021
- Article
Strict ID Laws Don't Stop Voters: Evidence from a U.S. Nationwide Panel, 2008–2018
By: Enrico Cantoni and Vincent Pons
U.S. states increasingly require identification to vote—an ostensive attempt to deter fraud that prompts complaints of selective disenfranchisement. Using a difference-in-differences design on a 1.6-billion-observations panel dataset, 2008–2018, we find that the laws...
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- October 2021 (Revised November 2022)
- Case
The 2012 Spanish Labor Reform: Lifting All Boats, or Leveling Down?
By: Vincent Pons, Rafael Di Tella, Santiago Botella and Elena Corsi
Since 1978, Spain had struggled to control unemployment. The country’s labor law was protective of employees hired long-term and companies used temporary contracts as buffers. In 2012, amid economic recession and a 23.6% unemployment rate, a center-right government of...
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