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All HBS Web
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- Faculty Publications (286)
- Article
Research: The Cost of a Single U.S. Immigration Restriction
By: Dany Bahar, Prithwiraj Choudhury and Britta Glennon
On June 22, 2020, President Trump passed an Executive Order drastically cutting the number of highly skilled international workers eligible for non-immigrant visas to the U.S. To quantify the impact of this policy, the authors examined the immediate change in stock...
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Keywords:
Work Visas;
H1-B;
Restriction;
Impact;
Immigration;
Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms;
Cost;
Economy
Bahar, Dany, Prithwiraj Choudhury, and Britta Glennon. "Research: The Cost of a Single U.S. Immigration Restriction." Harvard Business Review (website) (January 22, 2021).
- 2021
- Working Paper
No-fault Default, Chapter 11 Bankruptcy, and Financial Institutions
By: Robert C. Merton and Richard T. Thakor
This paper analyzes the costs and benefits of a no-fault-default debt structure as an alternative to the typical bankruptcy process. We show that the deadweight costs of bankruptcy can be avoided or substantially reduced through no-fault-default debt, which permits a...
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Keywords:
No-fault Default;
Chapter 11;
Insolvency and Bankruptcy;
Borrowing and Debt;
Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms;
Financial Institutions;
Contracts
Merton, Robert C., and Richard T. Thakor. "No-fault Default, Chapter 11 Bankruptcy, and Financial Institutions." NBER Working Paper Series, No. 28341, January 2021.
- December 2020
- Article
The Employment Effects of Faster Payment: Evidence from the Federal Quickpay Reform
By: Jean-Noel Barrot and Ramana Nanda
We study the impact of Quickpay, a federal reform that indefinitely accelerated payments to small business contractors of the U.S. government. We find a strong direct effect of the reform on employment growth at the firm level. Importantly, however, we also...
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Keywords:
Small Business;
Employment;
Business and Government Relations;
Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms
Barrot, Jean-Noel, and Ramana Nanda. "The Employment Effects of Faster Payment: Evidence from the Federal Quickpay Reform." Journal of Finance 75, no. 6 (December 2020): 3139–3173.
- September–October 2020
- Article
Managing Churn to Maximize Profits
By: Aurelie Lemmens and Sunil Gupta
Customer defection threatens many industries, prompting companies to deploy targeted, proactive customer retention programs and offers. A conventional approach has been to target customers either based on their predicted churn probability or their responsiveness to a...
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Keywords:
Churn Management;
Defection Prediction;
Loss Function;
Stochastic Gradient Boosting;
Customer Relationship Management;
Consumer Behavior;
Profit
Lemmens, Aurelie, and Sunil Gupta. "Managing Churn to Maximize Profits." Marketing Science 39, no. 5 (September–October 2020): 956–973.
- Article
Do We Spend Too Much on Health Care?
By: Katherine Baicker and Amitabh Chandra
Health system reforms—such as changes in insurance design, patient cost sharing, payment reform, or price regulation—should be judged by whether they move us toward higher-value use of resources, rather than by whether they reduce spending.
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Keywords:
Health Care and Treatment;
Cost;
Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms;
Value Creation
Baicker, Katherine, and Amitabh Chandra. "Do We Spend Too Much on Health Care?" New England Journal of Medicine 383, no. 7 (August 13, 2020): 605–608.
- July 2020
- Article
Lessons from the Impact of Price Regulation on the Pricing of Anticancer Drugs in Germany
By: Victoria D. Lauenroth, Aaron S. Kesselheim, Ameet Sarpatwari and Ariel Dora Stern
Worldwide spending on prescription drugs has increased dramatically in recent years. Although this increase has been particularly pronounced in the U.S., it remains largely unaddressed there. In Europe, however, different approaches to regulating drug prices have been...
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Keywords:
Pharmaceuticals;
Prescription Drug Costs;
Drug Pricing;
Access To Care;
Cost Reduction;
Health Care and Treatment;
Price;
Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms;
Cost Management;
Germany
Lauenroth, Victoria D., Aaron S. Kesselheim, Ameet Sarpatwari, and Ariel Dora Stern. "Lessons from the Impact of Price Regulation on the Pricing of Anticancer Drugs in Germany." Health Affairs 39, no. 7 (July 2020): 1185–1193.
- June 2020 (Revised February 2021)
- Case
Accounting for Leases at American Airlines (A)
By: Jonas Heese, Gerardo Pérez Cavazos and Julia Kelley
In March 2020, as coronavirus reduced demand for air travel, an analyst was forecasting American Airlines’ (American’s) first quarter financial results. To develop a forecast, she needed to familiarize herself with Accounting Standards Update (ASU) 2016-02, “Leases...
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Keywords:
Accounting;
Financial Reporting;
Financial Statements;
Finance;
Governance;
Corporate Accountability;
Corporate Governance;
Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms;
Governing and Advisory Boards;
Leasing;
Accounting Industry;
Air Transportation Industry;
North and Central America;
United States
Heese, Jonas, Gerardo Pérez Cavazos, and Julia Kelley. "Accounting for Leases at American Airlines (A)." Harvard Business School Case 120-069, June 2020. (Revised February 2021.)
- June 2020 (Revised February 2021)
- Supplement
Accounting for Leases at American Airlines (B)
By: Jonas Heese, Gerardo Pérez Cavazos and Julia Kelley
This is a supplement to the “Accounting for Leases at American Airlines (A)” case. The (B) case describes American Airlines’ financial results for the first quarter of 2020, as well as the continuing effects of coronavirus on the airline industry.
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Keywords:
Accounting;
Financial Reporting;
Financial Statements;
Finance;
Governance;
Corporate Accountability;
Corporate Governance;
Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms;
Governing and Advisory Boards;
Leasing;
Health Pandemics;
Accounting Industry;
Air Transportation Industry;
North and Central America;
United States
Heese, Jonas, Gerardo Pérez Cavazos, and Julia Kelley. "Accounting for Leases at American Airlines (B)." Harvard Business School Supplement 120-113, June 2020. (Revised February 2021.)
- 2020
- Working Paper
How Should U.S. Bank Regulators Respond to the COVID-19 Crisis?
Drawing on lessons from the 2007–2009 Global Financial Crisis (GFC) and a simple conceptual framework, we examine the response of U.S. bank regulators to the COVID-19 pandemic. We argue that the current regulatory strategy of “watchful waiting”—the same strategy that...
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Keywords:
COVID-19;
Bank Regulation;
Recapitalization;
Health Pandemics;
Banks and Banking;
Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms;
Strategy;
Risk Management;
United States
Blank, Michael, Samuel G. Hanson, Jeremy C. Stein, and Adi Sunderam. "How Should U.S. Bank Regulators Respond to the COVID-19 Crisis?" Hutchins Center Working Paper, No. 63, June 2020.
- 2020
- Working Paper
Immigration Policy Levers for U.S. Innovation and Startups
By: William R. Kerr and Sari Pekkala Kerr
Immigrants account for about a quarter of U.S. invention and entrepreneurship despite a policy environment that is not well suited for these purposes. This chapter reviews the U.S. immigration policy environment that governs how skilled migrants move to America for...
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Keywords:
Invention;
Innovation;
Startups;
High-tech;
Immigration;
Entrepreneurship;
Innovation and Invention;
Business Startups;
Venture Capital;
United States
Kerr, William R., and Sari Pekkala Kerr. "Immigration Policy Levers for U.S. Innovation and Startups." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 20-105, April 2020.
- February 2020 (Revised June 2020)
- Case
Shaping the Governance Debate at ISS
By: Suraj Srinivasan, Jonah S. Goldberg and Calvin O. Liou
ISS is the world’s largest provider of corporate governance research, data, analytics, and voting services. The case uses the effort of the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) to impose an array of new regulations that would severely restrict the functioning of...
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Keywords:
Proxy Advisory Services;
Corporate Governance;
Research;
Investment;
Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms;
Business and Shareholder Relations;
Institutional Investing
Srinivasan, Suraj, Jonah S. Goldberg, and Calvin O. Liou. "Shaping the Governance Debate at ISS." Harvard Business School Case 120-085, February 2020. (Revised June 2020.)
- December 2019 (Revised December 2022)
- Case
TXU (A): Powering the Largest Leveraged Buyout in History
By: Trevor Fetter, Erik Snowberg and Rebecca M. Henderson
This case is designed to support a lively discussion about the relative merits of shareholder vs. stakeholder perspectives in the context of a company that provides a vital public service that has important environmental implications. The 2007 purchase of TXU, the...
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Keywords:
Leveraged Buyouts;
Transformation;
Insolvency and Bankruptcy;
Environmental Sustainability;
Business and Shareholder Relations;
Business and Stakeholder Relations;
Energy Generation;
Non-Renewable Energy;
Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms;
Utilities Industry;
Energy Industry;
Texas
Fetter, Trevor, Erik Snowberg, and Rebecca M. Henderson. "TXU (A): Powering the Largest Leveraged Buyout in History." Harvard Business School Case 320-064, December 2019. (Revised December 2022.)
- 2020
- Working Paper
Capital Regulation and Product Market Outcomes
By: Ishita Sen and David Humphry
We present evidence of product market adjustments and asset reorganizations from the largest ever shift in risk regulation in a developed insurance market. Using proprietary data on insurance risk exposures from the Bank of England, we develop a measure of regulatory...
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Keywords:
Non-traditional-non-insurance;
Risk Regulation;
Product Market Concentration;
Small Vs. Large Insurers;
Insurance Risk Exposure;
Insurance;
Risk and Uncertainty;
Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms
Sen, Ishita, and David Humphry. "Capital Regulation and Product Market Outcomes." Working Paper, January 2020.
- 2020
- Working Paper
Cutting the Gordian Knot of Employee Health Care Benefits and Costs: A Corporate Model Built on Employee Choice
By: Regina E. Herzlinger and Barak D. Richman
The U.S. employer-based health insurance tax exclusion created a system of employer-sponsored insurance (ESI) with limited insurance choices and transparency that may lock employed households into health plans that are costlier or different from those they prefer to...
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Keywords:
After-tax Income;
Consumer-driven Health Care;
Health Care Costs;
Health Insurance;
Income Inequality;
Tax Policy;
Health Care and Treatment;
Cost;
Insurance;
Employees;
Income;
Taxation;
Policy;
United States
Herzlinger, Regina E., and Barak D. Richman. "Cutting the Gordian Knot of Employee Health Care Benefits and Costs: A Corporate Model Built on Employee Choice." Duke Law School Public Law & Legal Theory Series, No. 2020-4, December 2019. (Revised January 2021.)
- 2020
- Working Paper
Internal Models, Make Believe Prices, and Bond Market Cornering
By: Ishita Sen and Varun Sharma
Exploiting position-level heterogeneity in regulatory incentives to misreport and novel data on regulators, we document that U.S. life insurers inflate the values of corporate bonds using internal models. We estimate an additional $9-$18 billion decline in regulatory...
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Keywords:
Life Insurers;
Capital Regulation;
Internal Models;
Corporate Bonds;
Regulatory Supervision;
Concentrated Ownership;
Bonds;
Capital;
Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms;
Insurance;
Investment Portfolio
Sen, Ishita, and Varun Sharma. "Internal Models, Make Believe Prices, and Bond Market Cornering." Working Paper, June 2020.
- November 2019
- Case
Hapag-Lloyd AG: Complying with IMO 2020
By: Benjamin C. Esty, Mette Fuglsang Hjortshoej and Emer Moloney
A new environmental regulation known as IMO 2020 was creating what one industry analyst called “the biggest shakeup for the oil and shipping industries in decades.” According to the new regulation, all ocean-going ships would have to limit their sulfur emissions by...
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Keywords:
Valuation;
Ship Transportation;
Strategic Planning;
Game Theory;
Pollutants;
Supply Chain;
Corporate Accountability;
Capital Budgeting;
Environmental Sustainability;
Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms;
Governance Compliance;
Shipping Industry;
Transportation Industry;
Germany
Esty, Benjamin C., Mette Fuglsang Hjortshoej, and Emer Moloney. "Hapag-Lloyd AG: Complying with IMO 2020." Harvard Business School Case 220-003, November 2019.
- September 2019
- Article
Bankruptcy Spillovers
By: Shai Bernstein, Emanuele Colonnelli, Xavier Giroud and Benjamin Iverson
How do different bankruptcy approaches affect the local economy? Using U.S. Census microdata, we explore the spillover effects of reorganization and liquidation on geographically proximate firms. We exploit the random assignment of bankruptcy judges as a source of...
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Keywords:
Agglomeration;
Insolvency and Bankruptcy;
Economy;
Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms
Bernstein, Shai, Emanuele Colonnelli, Xavier Giroud, and Benjamin Iverson. "Bankruptcy Spillovers." Special Issue on Labor and Finance. Journal of Financial Economics 133, no. 3 (September 2019): 608–633.
- 2021
- Working Paper
Going Out or Opting Out? Capital, Political Vulnerability, and the State in China's Outward Investment
By: Meg Rithmire
How do state-business relations interact with outward investment in authoritarian regimes? This paper examines this question in the context of China’s rapid transformation into major capital exporter. While most political economy scholarship focuses on firms’ economic...
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Keywords:
Outward Investment;
Capital Controls;
Investment;
Global Range;
Capital;
Globalization;
Policy;
Government and Politics;
China
Rithmire, Meg. "Going Out or Opting Out? Capital, Political Vulnerability, and the State in China's Outward Investment." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 20-009, June 2019. (Revised January 2021.)
- July 2019
- Article
The Impact of Price Regulation on the Availability of New Drugs in Germany
By: Ariel Dora Stern, Felicitas Pietrulla, Annika Herr, Aaron S. Kesselheim and Ameet Sarpatwari
The 2011 German Pharmaceutical Market Restructuring Act (“AMNOG”) subjected branded, non-rare disease drugs to price regulation based on an assessment of their clinical benefit. Assessment outcomes range from “major added benefit” to “less benefit than the appropriate...
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Keywords:
Regulation;
Pharmaceuticals;
Healthcare;
Health Care and Treatment;
Price;
Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms;
Pharmaceutical Industry;
Germany
Stern, Ariel Dora, Felicitas Pietrulla, Annika Herr, Aaron S. Kesselheim, and Ameet Sarpatwari. "The Impact of Price Regulation on the Availability of New Drugs in Germany." Health Affairs 38, no. 7 (July 2019): 1182–1187.
- May 28, 2019
- Other Article
How Russia Found a Disinformation Haven in America
By: Rawi Abdelal and Galit Goldstein
The Mueller Report established that “the Russians” undertook information operations campaigns to meddle in the 2016 U.S. presidential election. Though this has been clear for a long time, Americans continue to discuss Russian information operations in the wrong way....
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Keywords:
Elections;
Donald Trump;
Political Elections;
National Security;
Information Technology;
Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms;
Social Media;
Russia;
United States
Abdelal, Rawi, and Galit Goldstein. "How Russia Found a Disinformation Haven in America." National Interest (May 28, 2019).