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All HBS Web
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- Faculty Publications (412)
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Sustainable Strategies and Net-Zero Goals
By: Mark L. Frigo, Robert S. Kaplan and Karthik Ramanna
In a recent Harvard Business Review article, Kaplan and Ramanna describe a rigorous approach, the E-liability method, for companies’ ESG reporting, especially as it pertains to GHG emissions measurements. They argue that the current standards for measuring...
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Keywords:
Measurement;
Sustainability;
Net-zero Emissions;
Environmental Sustainability;
Integrated Corporate Reporting;
Measurement and Metrics;
Strategy
Frigo, Mark L., Robert S. Kaplan, and Karthik Ramanna. "Sustainable Strategies and Net-Zero Goals." Special Issue on Sustainability. Strategic Finance 103, no. 10 (April 2022): 42–49.
- March 2022 (Revised March 2024)
- Case
DaVita Responds to COVID
By: Susanna Gallani and David Lane
Early in August 2021, DaVita CEO Javier Rodriguez was assessing the ongoing impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on his firm, which provided life-sustaining kidney dialysis to roughly 240,000 people. Effective infection control practices and information sharing had ensured...
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Keywords:
COVID-19 Pandemic;
Change Management;
Communication;
Talent and Talent Management;
Fairness;
Values and Beliefs;
Corporate Accountability;
Health Care and Treatment;
Health Pandemics;
Human Resources;
Employee Relationship Management;
Retention;
Wages;
Working Conditions;
Leadership Style;
Crisis Management;
Organizational Culture;
Health Industry;
United States
Gallani, Susanna, and David Lane. "DaVita Responds to COVID." Harvard Business School Case 122-007, March 2022. (Revised March 2024.)
- March 2022
- Supplement
Pakistan Rising: Bazaar's Growth Story (B)
By: Paul A. Gompers and Gamze Yucaoglu
The case opens in January 2022 as Hamza Jawaid and Saad Jangda, co-founders of Bazaar technologies (Bazaar), the Pakistani high growth B2B e-commerce marketplace, are looking over the performance of the newly launched “buy now, play later” feature. The traction looks...
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Keywords:
B2B;
Business Model;
Emerging Markets;
For-Profit Firms;
Strategy;
Digital Platforms;
Information Technology;
Value Creation;
Globalization;
Competition;
Expansion;
Profit;
Resource Allocation;
Diversification;
Corporate Strategy;
Pakistan
Gompers, Paul A., and Gamze Yucaoglu. "Pakistan Rising: Bazaar's Growth Story (B)." Harvard Business School Supplement 822-099, March 2022.
- 2022
- Chapter
Sustainability for People and the Planet: Placing Workers at the Center of Sustainability Research
By: Julie Yen, Julie Battilana and Emilie Aguirre
Though workers face a series of critical challenges in contemporary work organizations, they are often overlooked in conversations about sustainable business. In this chapter, we argue that prioritizing the rights and well-being of workers is a core dimension of...
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Keywords:
Environmental Sustainability;
Employees;
Well-being;
Corporate Social Responsibility and Impact;
Organizational Structure;
Social Issues
Yen, Julie, Julie Battilana, and Emilie Aguirre. "Sustainability for People and the Planet: Placing Workers at the Center of Sustainability Research." Chap. 11 in Handbook on the Business of Sustainability: The Organization, Implementation, and Practice of Sustainable Growth, edited by Gerard George, Martine R. Haas, Havovi Joshi, Anita M. McGahan, and Paul Tracey, 189–214. Edward Elgar Publishing, 2022.
- 2022
- Article
Which Corporate ESG News Does the Market React To?
By: George Serafeim and Aaron Yoon
Using a dataset that classifies firm-level ESG news as positive and negative, we examine how stock prices react to different types of ESG news. We analyze 111,020 firm-day observations for 3,126 companies and find that prices react only to issues identified as...
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Keywords:
ESG;
ESG (Environmental, Social, Governance) Performance;
ESG Ratings;
Social Capital;
Environment;
Sustainability;
CSR;
Stock Price;
Stock Market Expectations;
Materiality;
Market Reaction;
Environmental Sustainability;
Governance;
Social Issues;
Performance;
News
Serafeim, George, and Aaron Yoon. "Which Corporate ESG News Does the Market React To?" Financial Analysts Journal 78, no. 1 (2022): 59–78.
- January 2022
- Case
Fueling a Cleaner Future: ACWA Power and Green Hydrogen
By: Dennis Yao and Alpana Thapar
In January 2020, Paddy Padmanathan, president and CEO of ACWA Power, was reflecting on the company’s sixteen-year record of success and thinking about its future growth plans. Founded in 2004, ACWA Power was a Saudi Arabian developer, owner, and operator of power and...
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Keywords:
Green Hydrogen;
Energy;
Climate Change;
Supply Chain;
Business Model;
Growth and Development Strategy;
Green Technology;
Projects;
Alliances;
Environmental Sustainability;
Corporate Social Responsibility and Impact;
Energy Industry;
Saudi Arabia;
Middle East;
North Africa
Yao, Dennis, and Alpana Thapar. "Fueling a Cleaner Future: ACWA Power and Green Hydrogen." Harvard Business School Case 722-381, January 2022.
- 2022
- Case
Can Salesforce Compete in the Carbon Accounting Market?
This case describes Salesforce's development of Sustainability Cloud, a suite of software tools built to help companies measure, track, and report carbon emissions and other sustainability metrics. The goal of this case is to provide students with a background and...
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Keywords:
Environmental Accounting;
Corporate Social Responsibility and Impact;
Corporate Accountability;
Applications and Software
Hoffman, Andrew J. "Can Salesforce Compete in the Carbon Accounting Market?" William Davidson Institute Case 6-796-717, 2022.
- Article
Democratizing Work: Redistributing Power in Organizations for a Democratic and Sustainable Future
Environmental destruction and social inequalities are increasingly urgent challenges. How can corporations, which have played a key role in creating and reproducing these problems, be part of the solution? In this paper, we advance that a shift to more democratic forms...
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Keywords:
Corporate Citizenship;
Corporate Social Responsibility;
CSP;
CSR;
Domination;
Industrial Relations;
Power;
Resistance;
Work;
Corporate Governance;
Corporate Social Responsibility and Impact;
Governance;
Power and Influence;
Environmental Management;
Social Issues
Battilana, Julie, Julie Yen, Isabelle Ferreras, and Lakshmi Ramarajan. "Democratizing Work: Redistributing Power in Organizations for a Democratic and Sustainable Future." Organization Theory 3, no. 1 (January–March 2022).
- 2022
- Case
Interface: The Journey Toward Carbon Negative
Interface has been a leading innovator in the carpet industry, specializing in the manufacturing of carpet tiles for commercial flooring. This case describes the history, context, and technology behind the company's development of its newest sustainable...
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Keywords:
Corporate Social Responsibility and Impact;
Innovation and Invention;
Environmental Sustainability;
Environmental Accounting
Hoffman, Andrew J. "Interface: The Journey Toward Carbon Negative." William Davidson Institute Case 2-341-083, 2022.
- 2022
- Chapter
Sustainability Science and Corporate Cleanup in Community Fields: The Translation, Resistance and Integration Process Model
By: P. Devereaux Jennings, Maggie Cascadden and Andrew J. Hoffman
Both practically and theoretically, the sustainability science and corporate operation perspectives often diverge. Overcoming this divergence requires some degree of engagement with organizational field members; not just negotiation, but on-the-ground process work to...
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Jennings, P. Devereaux, Maggie Cascadden, and Andrew J. Hoffman. "Sustainability Science and Corporate Cleanup in Community Fields: The Translation, Resistance and Integration Process Model." Chap. 12 in Handbook on the Business of Sustainability: The Organization, Implementation, and Practice of Sustainable Growth, edited by Gerard George, Martine Haas, Havovi Joshi, Anita McGahan, and Paul Tracey, 214–231. Edward Elgar Publishing, 2022.
- 2022
- Case
Tesla's Battery Supply Chain: A Growing Concern
In October 2021, the fictional vice president of supply chain sustainability at Tesla is working on finding the best way to achieve Tesla's goal of 100% recycling for the batteries in its electric vehicles (EVs) as they reach their end of life. A major challenge in...
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Keywords:
Supply Chain Management;
Environmental Sustainability;
Corporate Social Responsibility and Impact;
Governance Compliance;
Metals and Minerals;
Auto Industry
Hoffman, Andrew J. "Tesla's Battery Supply Chain: A Growing Concern." William Davidson Institute Case 9-884-554, 2022.
- January 2022
- Article
Why Is Corporate Virtue in the Eye of the Beholder? The Case of ESG Ratings
By: Dane Christensen, George Serafeim and Anywhere Sikochi
Despite the rising use of environmental, social, and governance (ESG) ratings, there is substantial disagreement across rating agencies regarding what rating to give to individual firms. As what drives this disagreement is unclear, we examine whether a firm’s ESG...
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Keywords:
ESG Ratings;
Rating Agency Disagreement;
ESG Disclosure;
Corporate Social Responsibility;
Sustainability;
Corporate Social Responsibility and Impact;
Environmental Sustainability;
Corporate Disclosure
Christensen, Dane, George Serafeim, and Anywhere Sikochi. "Why Is Corporate Virtue in the Eye of the Beholder? The Case of ESG Ratings." Accounting Review 97, no. 1 (January 2022): 147–175.
- December 2021 (Revised February 2022)
- Case
Bed Bath & Beyond: The New Strategy to Drive Shareholder Value
By: Benjamin C. Esty and Daniel W. Fisher
At one time, Bed Bath & Beyond was one of the most successful specialty retailers in the United States—its growth and profit margins far exceeded both peer retailers in the home goods market as well as many other discount retailers. But in 2014, its stock price peaked,...
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Keywords:
Competitive Strategy;
Competitive Advantage;
Value Creation;
Diversification;
Corporate Governance;
Leading Change;
Performance Evaluation;
Valuation;
Investment Activism;
Retail Industry;
Consumer Products Industry;
United States
Esty, Benjamin C., and Daniel W. Fisher. "Bed Bath & Beyond: The New Strategy to Drive Shareholder Value." Harvard Business School Case 722-408, December 2021. (Revised February 2022.)
- December 2021
- Case
Bunge: Building a Sustainable Future?
By: Forest Reinhardt, David E. Bell, Pedro Levindo and Ruth Costas
Bunge, one of the world’s leading agribusiness traders and processors, strives to comply with its commitment to having a deforestation-free value chain by 2025 while it considers potential new business growth areas. After a complex turnaround, which involved one of the...
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Keywords:
Deforestation;
Value Chain;
Agribusiness;
Values and Beliefs;
Growth and Development Strategy;
Corporate Social Responsibility and Impact;
Environmental Sustainability;
Financial Strategy;
Agriculture and Agribusiness Industry
Reinhardt, Forest, David E. Bell, Pedro Levindo, and Ruth Costas. "Bunge: Building a Sustainable Future?" Harvard Business School Case 522-007, December 2021.
- December 2021
- Case
Danish Crown: Feeding the Future
By: David E. Bell, Damien P. McLoughlin, Daniela Beyersdorfer and Mette Fuglsang Hjortshoej
Danish Crown, one of the world’s largest exporters of pork meat and one of Europe’s top five producers of beef, faced increasing headwinds in 2021, making CEO Jais Valeur feel like the core of the meat business was under attack. As a cooperative and prominent player in...
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Keywords:
Agribusiness;
Animal-Based Agribusiness;
Food;
Environmental Management;
Climate Change;
Environmental Sustainability;
Nutrition;
Cooperative Ownership;
Change Management;
Transition;
Leadership;
Leading Change;
Marketing;
Product Marketing;
Corporate Strategy;
Agriculture and Agribusiness Industry;
Food and Beverage Industry;
Europe;
Denmark
Bell, David E., Damien P. McLoughlin, Daniela Beyersdorfer, and Mette Fuglsang Hjortshoej. "Danish Crown: Feeding the Future." Harvard Business School Case 522-057, December 2021.
- 2021
- Working Paper
The Green Bonding Hypothesis: How Do Green Bonds Enhance the Credibility of Environmental Commitments?
By: Shirley Lu
This paper proposes and provides evidence on a green bonding hypothesis, where green bonds act as a commitment device that subjects firms to institutions holding them accountable to their environmental promises. I find that green-bond issuers face higher climate change...
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Keywords:
Bonding Hypothesis;
Sustainable Finance;
Climate Change;
Corporate Social Responsibility and Impact;
Environmental Sustainability;
Bonds;
Corporate Accountability
Lu, Shirley. "The Green Bonding Hypothesis: How Do Green Bonds Enhance the Credibility of Environmental Commitments?" SSRN Working Paper Series, No. 3898909, December 2021.
- 2022
- Working Paper
ESG: Hyperboles and Reality
By: George Serafeim
ESG has rapidly become a household name leading to both confusion about what it means and creating unrealistic expectations about its effects. In this paper, I draw on more than a decade of research to dispel several myths about ESG and provide answers to important...
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Keywords:
ESG;
ESG (Environmental, Social, Governance) Performance;
ESG Disclosure;
ESG Reporting;
ESG Ratings;
Sustainability;
Corporate Social Responsibility and Impact;
Environmental Sustainability;
Performance;
Corporate Disclosure;
Reports
Serafeim, George. "ESG: Hyperboles and Reality." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 22-031, November 2021.
- November 15, 2021
- Article
Putting Your Corporate Purpose to Work
By: Hubert Joly
Making a company purpose come to life is an arduous journey that requires a multi-pronged and sustained approach. Yet as hard as it is, the journey is well worth it and will yield positive transformation not only for the company, but also for the people who work there....
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Keywords:
Organizations;
Mission and Purpose;
Corporate Strategy;
Management Practices and Processes;
Organizational Culture;
Business and Stakeholder Relations
Joly, Hubert. "Putting Your Corporate Purpose to Work." Harvard Business Review (website) (November 15, 2021).
- Article
Accounting for Climate Change
By: Robert S. Kaplan and Karthik Ramanna
Corporations are facing growing pressure—from investors, advocacy groups, politicians, and even business leaders themselves—to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from their operations and their supply and distribution chains. About 90% of the companies in the S&P...
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Keywords:
Greenhouse Gas Mitigation;
Social Accounting;
E-liabilities;
Business And The Environment;
Climate Change;
Corporate Social Responsibility and Impact;
Environmental Sustainability
Kaplan, Robert S., and Karthik Ramanna. "Accounting for Climate Change." Harvard Business Review 99, no. 6 (November–December 2021): 120–131.
- Article
B Corps: Can It Remake Capitalism in Japan?
By: Geoffrey Jones
This article examines the B Corporation movement that originated in the United States in 2006. The founders sought to create a new type of company whose governance structure mandated them to consider financial, social and environmental performance. A certification...
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Keywords:
Corporate Responsibility;
Sustainability;
B Corporations;
Stakeholder Capitalism;
Governance;
Organizational Structure;
Corporate Social Responsibility and Impact;
Japan
Jones, Geoffrey. "B Corps: Can It Remake Capitalism in Japan?" Keizaikei [Kanto Gakuin Journal of Economics and Management] 284 (November 2021): 1–12.