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    • All HBS Web  (237)
      • Faculty Publications  (52)

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      • Article

      The Cross Section of Bank Value

      By: Mark Egan, Stefan Lewellen and Adi Sunderam
      We study the determinants of value creation in U.S. commercial banks. We develop novel measures of individual banks' productivities at collecting deposits and making loans. We relate these measures to bank market values and find that deposit productivity is responsible...  View Details
      Keywords: Productivity; Banks and Banking; Valuation; Performance Productivity; Value Creation; United States
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      Egan, Mark, Stefan Lewellen, and Adi Sunderam. "The Cross Section of Bank Value." Review of Financial Studies 35, no. 5 (May 2022): 2101–2143.
      • 2020
      • Working Paper

      Determinants of Early-Stage Startup Performance: Survey Results

      By: Thomas R. Eisenmann
      To explore determinants of new venture performance, the CEOs of 470 early-stage startups were surveyed regarding a broad range of factors related to their venture’s customer value proposition, product management, marketing, technology and operations, financial...  View Details
      Keywords: Startups; Survey Research; Performance Analysis; Entrepreneurship; Performance; Analysis; Business Startups; Failure; Surveys
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      Eisenmann, Thomas R. "Determinants of Early-Stage Startup Performance: Survey Results." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 21-057, October 2020.
      • September 2020
      • Case

      Uber at a Crossroads (2017)

      By: Ramon Casadesus-Masanell and Karen Elterman
      This case describes the history of Uber, its business model—including the ways it differed from that of the traditional taxi industry—and its competition with Lyft. The case is set in 2017, a year in which Uber was plagued by even more scandals than usual, though its...  View Details
      Keywords: Business Startups; Business Model; Customer Satisfaction; Fairness; Values and Beliefs; Price; Profit; Revenue; Investment; Government Legislation; Business History; Compensation and Benefits; Resignation and Termination; Employment; Wages; Lawfulness; Leadership Style; Leading Change; Management Style; Market Entry and Exit; Digital Platforms; Product Design; Organizational Culture; Problems and Challenges; Attitudes; Strategy; Competitive Strategy; Expansion; Transportation Networks; Mobile and Wireless Technology; Valuation; Transportation Industry; Technology Industry; United States
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      Casadesus-Masanell, Ramon, and Karen Elterman. "Uber at a Crossroads (2017)." Harvard Business School Case 721-376, September 2020.
      • August 2020 (Revised January 2021)
      • Case

      Nubank: Democratizing Financial Services

      By: Michael Chu, Carla Larangeira and Pedro Levindo
      Nubank, a wholly-digital solution created to disrupt Brazilian banking, with 6 million clients and a $4 billion valuation after five years, must decide whether to expand to Mexico. The company was founded in São Paulo in 2013 by Colombian-born David Vélez to seize what...  View Details
      Keywords: Fintech; Financial Inclusion; Digital Banking; Credit Cards; Banks and Banking; Disruption; Expansion; Growth and Development Strategy; Financial Services Industry; South America; Brazil; North America; Mexico
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      Chu, Michael, Carla Larangeira, and Pedro Levindo. "Nubank: Democratizing Financial Services." Harvard Business School Case 321-068, August 2020. (Revised January 2021.)
      • June 2020 (Revised September 2020)
      • Case

      Shellye Archambeau: Becoming a CEO (A)

      By: Tsedal Neeley and John Masko
      With the economy in a freefall, MetricStream is losing customers, hemorrhaging cash and struggling to make payroll. Several board members are threatening to quit. Others are pressing to sell the company even at dismally low valuations. It’s 2008 and lightning has...  View Details
      Keywords: Leadership; Race; Gender; Leadership Style; Risk and Uncertainty; Change; Prejudice and Bias; Decision Making; Personal Development and Career; Technology Industry; California
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      Neeley, Tsedal, and John Masko. "Shellye Archambeau: Becoming a CEO (A)." Harvard Business School Case 420-071, June 2020. (Revised September 2020.)
      • June 2020
      • Supplement

      Shellye Archambeau: Becoming a CEO (B)

      By: Tsedal Neeley and Briana Richardson
      With the economy in a freefall, MetricStream is losing customers, hemorrhaging cash and struggling to make payroll. Several board members are threatening to quit. Others are pressing to sell the company even at dismally low valuations. It’s 2008 and lightning has...  View Details
      Keywords: Race; Gender; Leadership Style; Risk and Uncertainty; Change; Prejudice and Bias; Decision Making; Personal Development and Career; Technology Industry; California
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      Neeley, Tsedal, and Briana Richardson. "Shellye Archambeau: Becoming a CEO (B)." Harvard Business School Supplement 420-073, June 2020.
      • February 28, 2020
      • Article

      How Tesla Sets Itself Apart

      By: Lou Shipley
      Tesla and its flamboyant, and sometimes erratic, innovator Elon Musk have turned the more than a century old industry upside down in a mere 16 years. Traditional automakers are ill prepared to compete in today’s software-centered world. Unlike nimble Tesla, they are...  View Details
      Keywords: Strategy; Technology; Transportation; Business Model; Technological Innovation; Disruption; Auto Industry
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      Shipley, Lou. "How Tesla Sets Itself Apart." Harvard Business Review Digital Articles (February 28, 2020).
      • November 2019 (Revised May 2020)
      • Case

      Collibra

      By: Lynda M. Applegate, Jeffrey F. Rayport and Julia Kelley
      Founded in 2008 at Vrije Universiteit Brussels, Collibra was a data intelligence company that found product-market fit in the years after the global financial crisis when many companies were under pressure from consumers and governments to improve their data management...  View Details
      Keywords: Entrepreneurship; Governance; Innovation and Invention; Technological Innovation; Markets; Information Technology; Applications and Software; Technology Adoption; Digital Platforms; Internet and the Web; Customer Focus and Relationships; Customer Satisfaction; Expansion; Information Technology Industry; Technology Industry; Europe; Belgium; Brussels; North and Central America; United States; New York (city, NY); New York (state, US)
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      Applegate, Lynda M., Jeffrey F. Rayport, and Julia Kelley. "Collibra." Harvard Business School Case 820-013, November 2019. (Revised May 2020.)
      • October 2019
      • Case

      Kaspi.kz IPO

      By: Victoria Ivashina and Esel Çekin
      This case follows Kaspi.kz, a private equity (Baring Vostok) co-owned retail bank in Central Asia that evolved into a fintech, payments and e-commerce company. It provides insights into private equity financing, portfolio company management, and initial public offering...  View Details
      Keywords: Finance; Private Equity; Initial Public Offering; Organizational Change and Adaptation; Central Asia
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      Ivashina, Victoria, and Esel Çekin. "Kaspi.kz IPO." Harvard Business School Case 220-007, October 2019.
      • January 2019
      • Teaching Note

      Hubble Contact Lenses: Data Driven Direct-to-Consumer Marketing

      By: Ayelet Israeli
      Teaching Note for HBS No. 519-011. As its Series A extension round approaches, the founders of Hubble, a subscription-based, social-media fueled, direct-to-consumer (DTC) brand of contact lenses, are reflecting on the marketing strategies that have taken them to a...  View Details
      Keywords: DTC; Direct To Consumer Marketing; Health Care; E-commerce; Mobile; Attribution; Experimentation; Experiments; Churn/retention; Customer Lifetime Value; Internet Marketing; Big Data; Analytics; A/B Testing; CRM; Advertising; Marketing; Marketing Channels; Marketing Strategy; Media; Brands and Branding; Marketing Communications; Digital Marketing; Acquisition; Growth and Development Strategy; Customer Focus and Relationships; Consumer Behavior; Social Media
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      Israeli, Ayelet. "Hubble Contact Lenses: Data Driven Direct-to-Consumer Marketing." Harvard Business School Teaching Note 519-056, January 2019.
      • August 2018 (Revised December 2020)
      • Case

      Hubble Contact Lenses: Data Driven Direct-to-Consumer Marketing

      By: Jill Avery and Ayelet Israeli
      As its Series A extension round approaches, the founders of Hubble, a subscription-based, social-media fueled, direct-to-consumer (DTC) brand of contact lenses, are reflecting on the marketing strategies that have taken them to a valuation of $200 million and debating...  View Details
      Keywords: DTC; Direct To Consumer Marketing; Health Care; E-commerce; Mobile; Attribution; Experimentation; Experiments; Churn/retention; Customer Lifetime Value; Internet Marketing; Big Data; Analytics; A/B Testing; CRM; Advertising; Marketing; Marketing Channels; Marketing Strategy; Media; Brands and Branding; Marketing Communications; Digital Marketing; Consumer Behavior; Acquisition; Growth and Development Strategy; Customer Focus and Relationships; Social Media; Health Industry; Consumer Products Industry; United States; North America; Europe
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      Avery, Jill, and Ayelet Israeli. "Hubble Contact Lenses: Data Driven Direct-to-Consumer Marketing." Harvard Business School Case 519-011, August 2018. (Revised December 2020.)
      • July 2018
      • Teaching Note

      Cumplo.com

      By: Frank V. Cespedes
      Teaching Note for HBS No. 818-039. Teaching Note for HBS No. 818-039. Cumplo is a Chilean-based fin-tech startup that provides investors and small businesses with opportunities to access loans and investments in ways distinct from traditional financial institutions in...  View Details
      Keywords: Fintech; Alternative Finance; Crowdfunding; Crowdlending; Marketing Strategy; Growth and Development Strategy; Social Entrepreneurship; Expansion; Financial Services Industry; Latin America; South America; Chile
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      Cespedes, Frank V. "Cumplo.com." Harvard Business School Teaching Note 819-037, July 2018.
      • June 2018
      • Teaching Note

      The Transformation of Microsoft

      By: C. Fritz Foley and F. Katelynn Boland
      Teaching Note for HBS No. 218-048. In early 2015, Amy Hood, CFO of Microsoft, and the rest of the senior leadership team faced a set of fundamental choices. The firm had opportunities to serve customers in ways that would be associated with higher growth but lower...  View Details
      Keywords: Growth; Corporate Finance; Valuation; Growth Management; Communication Strategy; Transformation; Information Technology Industry; Computer Industry; United States
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      Foley, C. Fritz, and F. Katelynn Boland. "The Transformation of Microsoft." Harvard Business School Teaching Note 218-140, June 2018.
      • April 2018
      • Teaching Note

      Formlabs: Selling a New 3D Printer

      By: Frank Cespedes
      Teaching Note for HBS No. 817-001. Formlabs is a venture that manufactures and sells 3D printers used in a variety of industries and applications. As the young company prepares to ship its latest model, the head of Customer Development is tasked with developing a...  View Details
      Keywords: 3D Printing And Manufacturing; Sales Channel Development; Sales Strategy; Entrepreneurial Management; Product Engineering; Prototype; Prototyping; Entrepreneurship; Product Launch; Information Infrastructure; Business Startups; Customers; Technological Innovation; Growth and Development Strategy; Technology Adoption; Marketing Channels; Marketing Strategy; Product Positioning; Demand and Consumers; Sales; Salesforce Management; Technology Industry; Computer Industry; Manufacturing Industry; United States; Massachusetts; Europe; Asia
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      Cespedes, Frank. "Formlabs: Selling a New 3D Printer." Harvard Business School Teaching Note 818-127, April 2018.
      • February 2018 (Revised August 2018)
      • Case

      Blue Haven Initiative: The PEGAfrica Investment

      By: Vikram S. Gandhi, Caitlin Reimers Brumme and Amram Migdal
      This case examines Blue Haven Initiative (BHI), an impact investing fund and family office, and one of its investments, PEGAfrica (PEG). BHI founder Liesel Pritzker Simmons’ motivations for using her family wealth to start a family office focused on impact investing,...  View Details
      Keywords: Impact Investing; Family Office; Development; International Development; International Development Investing; Development Fund; Sustainability; Solar Energy; Solar; Pay As You Go; PAYG; MFI; Social Venture; Business Ventures; Acquisition; Business Growth and Maturation; Business Startups; Economics; Development Economics; Energy; Energy Conservation; Energy Sources; Renewable Energy; Social Entrepreneurship; Finance; Assets; Asset Pricing; Capital; Capital Budgeting; Capital Structure; Venture Capital; Cash; Cash Flow; Currency; Currency Exchange Rate; Equity; Private Equity; Financial Instruments; Debt Securities; Stock Shares; Financing and Loans; Microfinance; International Finance; Investment; Investment Return; Investment Activism; Investment Funds; Investment Portfolio; Price; Geography; Geographic Location; Emerging Markets; Ownership; Ownership Stake; Private Ownership; Social Enterprise; Value; Valuation; Value Creation; Energy Industry; Financial Services Industry; Green Technology Industry; Africa; United States
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      Gandhi, Vikram S., Caitlin Reimers Brumme, and Amram Migdal. "Blue Haven Initiative: The PEGAfrica Investment." Harvard Business School Case 318-003, February 2018. (Revised August 2018.)
      • November 2017 (Revised August 2018)
      • Case

      Fair Value Accounting at Noble Group (A)

      By: Siko Sikochi, Suraj Srinivasan and Quinn Pitcher
      Noble Group was a large commodities trader based in Hong Kong and listed on the Singapore Stock Exchange. In 2012, Noble shifted its business strategy towards an asset-light model. Under this model, Noble did not own mines or farms to produce commodities but built...  View Details
      Keywords: Fair Value Accounting; Policy; Goods and Commodities; Contracts; Valuation
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      Sikochi, Siko, Suraj Srinivasan, and Quinn Pitcher. "Fair Value Accounting at Noble Group (A)." Harvard Business School Case 118-034, November 2017. (Revised August 2018.)
      • October 2017
      • Case

      The Transformation of Microsoft

      By: C. Fritz Foley, E. Scott Mayfield and F. Katelynn Boland
      In early 2015, Amy Hood, CFO of Microsoft, and the rest of the senior leadership team faced a set of fundamental choices. The firm had opportunities to serve customers in ways that would be associated with higher growth but lower margin. Some of these opportunities...  View Details
      Keywords: Growth; Corporate Finance; Valuation; Growth Management; Communication Strategy; Transformation; Information Technology Industry; Computer Industry; United States
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      Foley, C. Fritz, E. Scott Mayfield, and F. Katelynn Boland. "The Transformation of Microsoft." Harvard Business School Case 218-048, October 2017.
      • June 2017 (Revised January 2019)
      • Case

      Signet Jewelers: Assessing Customer Financing Risk

      By: Gerardo Pérez Cavazos, Suraj Srinivasan and Monica Baraldi
      Marc Cohodes, a renowned short seller, has identified weaknesses in Signet's business strategy, which he argues is heavily reliant on providing loans to customers with subprime credit scores. He believes that the company accounts for its receivables portfolio using...  View Details
      Keywords: Short Selling; Bad Debt Expense; Accounting; Financial Reporting; Financial Statements; Finance; Financing and Loans; Valuation; Retail Industry; Financial Services Industry; United States
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      Pérez Cavazos, Gerardo, Suraj Srinivasan, and Monica Baraldi. "Signet Jewelers: Assessing Customer Financing Risk." Harvard Business School Case 117-038, June 2017. (Revised January 2019.)
      • March 2017 (Revised July 2019)
      • Case

      Interline Brands: Don't Stop Believing

      By: Nori Gerardo Lietz and Ricardo Andrade
      Interline Brands, a leading distributor of residential housing maintenance and repair parts and equipment in the U.S., had just held its November 2014 board meeting. The meeting had been productive but not without some soul searching for both the company’s management...  View Details
      Keywords: Private Equity Exit; Consumer Goods; IPO; Private Equity; Initial Public Offering; Decision Choices and Conditions
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      Lietz, Nori Gerardo, and Ricardo Andrade. "Interline Brands: Don't Stop Believing." Harvard Business School Case 217-061, March 2017. (Revised July 2019.)
      • 2017
      • Working Paper

      Why and How Investors Use ESG Information: Evidence from a Global Survey

      By: Georgios Serafeim
      Using survey data from a sample of senior investment professionals from mainstream (i.e., not SRI funds) investment organizations, we provide insights into why and how investors use reported environmental, social, and governance (ESG) information. The primary reason...  View Details
      Keywords: Investment Management; Sustainability; ESG; ESG (Environmental, Social, Governance) Performance; Investment Fund; Investment Strategy; Corporate Accountability; Activist Shareholder; Engagement; Environment; Climate Change; Customers; Customer Satisfaction; Employee Engagement; Global Warming; Investment; Decision Making; Environmental Sustainability; Performance Expectations
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      Serafeim, Georgios. "Why and How Investors Use ESG Information: Evidence from a Global Survey." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 17-079, February 2017.
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