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All HBS Web
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- Faculty Publications (84)
- June 2012
- Article
Meta-Organizational Design: Rethinking Design in Inter-Organizational and Community Contexts
By: Ranjay Gulati, Phanish Puranam and Michael Tushman
This paper provides conceptual foundations for analyzing organizations comprising multiple legally autonomous entities, which we call meta-organizations. We assess the antecedents of the emergence of such collectives and the design choices they entail. The paper...
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Gulati, Ranjay, Phanish Puranam, and Michael Tushman. "Meta-Organizational Design: Rethinking Design in Inter-Organizational and Community Contexts." Special Issue on Strategy and the Design of Organizational Architecture edited by R. Gulati, P. Puranam, M. Tushman. Strategic Management Journal 33, no. 6 (June 2012): 571–586.
- October 2011
- Case
Raleigh & Rosse: Measures to Motivate Exceptional Service
By: Robert Simons and Michael Mahoney
In January 2010, U.S. luxury goods retailer Raleigh & Rosse is being sued by its employees for encouraging "off the clock" hours. At the center of the class action lawsuit is the famous Raleigh & Rosse performance measurement system previously thought to be the core of...
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Keywords:
Control Systems;
Performance Measurement;
Goal Setting;
Compensation;
Incentives;
Motivation;
Sales Compensation;
Motivation and Incentives;
Goals and Objectives;
Growth Management;
Lawsuits and Litigation;
Organizational Culture;
Management Systems;
Customer Focus and Relationships;
Employees;
Performance Evaluation;
Compensation and Benefits;
Retail Industry;
United States
Simons, Robert, and Michael Mahoney. "Raleigh & Rosse: Measures to Motivate Exceptional Service." Harvard Business School Brief Case 114-353, October 2011.
- 2011
- Working Paper
The Organization of Firms Across Countries
By: Nicholas Bloom, Raffaella Sadun and John Van Reenen
We argue that social capital as proxied by trust increases aggregate productivity by affecting the organization of firms. To do this we collect new data on the decentralization of investment, hiring, production, and sales decisions from Corporate Headquarters to local...
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Keywords:
Geographic Location;
Cross-Cultural and Cross-Border Issues;
Multinational Firms and Management;
Organizational Structure;
Performance Productivity;
Trust;
Asia;
Europe;
United States
Bloom, Nicholas, Raffaella Sadun, and John Van Reenen. "The Organization of Firms Across Countries." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 12-005, August 2011. (Slides from 2008.)
- 2010
- Working Paper
Employee Selection as a Control System
By: Dennis Campbell
Theories from the economics, management control, and organizational behavior literatures predict that when it is difficult to align incentives by contracting on output, aligning preferences via employee selection may provide a useful alternative. This study...
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Keywords:
Accounting;
Decision Making;
Governance Controls;
Employees;
Selection and Staffing;
Management Systems;
Financial Services Industry
Campbell, Dennis. "Employee Selection as a Control System." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 11-021, August 2010. (Revised September 2010, April 2012.)
- May 2010
- Article
Does Product Market Competition Lead Firms to Decentralize?
By: Nicholas Bloom, Raffaella Sadun and John Van Reenen
There is a widespread sense that over the last two decades firms have been decentralizing decisions to employees further down the managerial hierarchy. Economists have developed a range of theories to account for delegation, but there is less empirical evidence,...
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Keywords:
Product;
Markets;
Competition;
Business Ventures;
Geographic Location;
Employees;
Research;
Programs;
Decisions
Bloom, Nicholas, Raffaella Sadun, and John Van Reenen. "Does Product Market Competition Lead Firms to Decentralize?" American Economic Review: Papers and Proceedings 100, no. 2 (May 2010): 434–438.
- 2010
- Working Paper
Does Product Market Competition Lead Firms To Decentralize?
By: Nicholas Bloom, Raffaella Sadun and John Van Reenen
There is a widespread sense that over the last two decades firms have been decentralizing decisions to employees further down the managerial hierarchy. Economists have developed a range of theories to account for delegation, but there is less empirical evidence,...
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Keywords:
Decision Making;
Employees;
Managerial Roles;
Organizational Structure;
Competitive Strategy;
Asia;
Europe;
North America
Bloom, Nicholas, Raffaella Sadun, and John Van Reenen. "Does Product Market Competition Lead Firms To Decentralize?" Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 10-052, January 2010. (forthcoming in: American Economic Review: Papers and Proceedings.)
- Article
Recent Advances in the Empirics of Organizational Economics
By: Nicholas Bloom, Raffaella Sadun and John Van Reenen
We present a survey of recent contributions in empirical organizational economics, focusing on management practices and decentralization. Productivity dispersion between firms and countries has motivated the improved measurement of firm organization across industries...
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Keywords:
Economics;
Management Practices and Processes;
Performance Productivity;
Geographic Location;
Motivation and Incentives;
Factories, Labs, and Plants;
Competition;
Human Capital;
Markets;
Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms;
Multinational Firms and Management;
India;
Brazil;
United States
Bloom, Nicholas, Raffaella Sadun, and John Van Reenen. "Recent Advances in the Empirics of Organizational Economics." Annual Review of Economics 2 (2010): 105–137.
- November 2009
- Article
Organizational Design and Control across Multiple Markets: The Case of Franchising in the Convenience Store Industry
Many companies operate units that are dispersed across different types of markets, and thus serve significantly diverging customer bases. Such market-type dispersion is likely to compromise the headquarter's ability to control its local managers' behavior and satisfy...
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Keywords:
Market Dispersion;
Decentralization;
Incentives;
Business Headquarters;
Geographic Location;
Governance Controls;
Distribution;
Organizational Design;
Franchise Ownership;
Retail Industry
Campbell, Dennis, Srikant M. Datar, and Tatiana Sandino. "Organizational Design and Control across Multiple Markets: The Case of Franchising in the Convenience Store Industry." Accounting Review 84, no. 6 (November 2009): 1749–1779.
- 2009
- Chapter
Leading and Creating Collaboration in Decentralized Organizations
By: Heather M. Caruso, Todd Rogers and Max Bazerman
Caruso, Heather M., Todd Rogers, and Max Bazerman. "Leading and Creating Collaboration in Decentralized Organizations." In Crossing the Divide: Intergroup Leadership in a World of Difference, edited by T. Pittinsky. Harvard Business Press, 2009.
- 2009
- Chapter
Organizational Design: Balancing Search and Stability in Strategic Decision Making
By: Jan Rivkin and Nicolaj Siggelkow
Managers often must make decisions that depend on decisions in other parts of the organization. These interactions create a network of interdependent choices and make strategizing difficult. In this chapter, the authors explore the intersection between organizing and...
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Keywords:
Decision Choices and Conditions;
Organizational Change and Adaptation;
Organizational Design;
Strategy;
Balance and Stability
Rivkin, Jan, and Nicolaj Siggelkow. "Organizational Design: Balancing Search and Stability in Strategic Decision Making." In The Network Challenge: Strategy, Profit, and Risk in an Interlinked World, edited by Paul R. Kleindorfer and Yoram Wind. Wharton School Publishing, 2009.
- January 2009 (Revised June 2010)
- Case
Cisco Business Councils (2007): Unifying a Functional Enterprise with an Internal Governance System
By: Ranjay Gulati
In response to the 2001 market downturn, Cisco Systems implemented a major restructuring that transformed the company from a decentralized to centralized organization. While recognizing that a centralized, functional structure was necessary to avoid product and...
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Keywords:
Restructuring;
Customer Focus and Relationships;
Governing and Advisory Boards;
Resource Allocation;
Organizational Change and Adaptation;
Organizational Structure;
Corporate Strategy;
Technology Industry
Gulati, Ranjay. "Cisco Business Councils (2007): Unifying a Functional Enterprise with an Internal Governance System." Harvard Business School Case 409-062, January 2009. (Revised June 2010.)
- January 2009 (Revised June 2010)
- Case
Cisco Systems (2001): Building and Sustaining a Customer-Centric Culture
By: Ranjay Gulati
Customer centricity has been an important part of the culture at Cisco Systems since its inception. While part of this is attributable to values put in place by the founders and retained by subsequent management, it is also closely interwoven with its organizational...
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Keywords:
Customer Satisfaction;
Organizational Design;
Organizational Structure;
Organizational Change and Adaptation;
Change Management;
Organizational Culture;
Research and Development;
Job Cuts and Outsourcing;
Employees;
Brands and Branding;
Customer Relationship Management;
Business Units
Gulati, Ranjay. "Cisco Systems (2001): Building and Sustaining a Customer-Centric Culture." Harvard Business School Case 409-061, January 2009. (Revised June 2010.)
- 2008
- Working Paper
A Darker Side to Decentralized Banks: Market Power and Credit Rationing in SME Lending
By: Rodrigo Canales and Ramana Nanda
We use loan-level data to study how the organizational structure of banks impacts small business lending. We find that decentralized banks—where branch managers have greater autonomy over lending decisions—give larger loans to small firms and those with "soft...
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Keywords:
Organizational Structure;
Financing and Loans;
Industry Structures;
Banks and Banking;
Banking Industry;
Mexico
Canales, Rodrigo, and Ramana Nanda. "A Darker Side to Decentralized Banks: Market Power and Credit Rationing in SME Lending." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 08-101, June 2008. (Revised January 2011, August 2011.)
- 2008
- Working Paper
Organizational Design and Control across Multiple Markets: The Case of Franchising in the Convenience Store Industry
By: Dennis Campbell
Many companies operate units which are dispersed across different types of markets, and thus serve significantly diverging customer bases. Such market-type dispersion is likely to compromise the headquarters' ability to control its local managers' behavior and...
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Keywords:
Business Headquarters;
Customer Focus and Relationships;
Geographic Location;
Governance Controls;
Organizational Design;
Franchise Ownership;
Retail Industry
Campbell, Dennis. "Organizational Design and Control across Multiple Markets: The Case of Franchising in the Convenience Store Industry." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 08-091, April 2008.
- December 2007 (Revised September 2011)
- Case
Global Knowledge Management at Danone (A)
By: Amy C. Edmondson, Bertrand Moingeon, Vincent Marie Dessain and Ane Damgaard Jensen
This case explores French consumer goods company Danone's novel approach to knowledge management. In 2007, Human Resource Chief (Executive Vice President) Franck Mougin assesses the company's knowledge-sharing tools and considers his options going forward. Through...
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Keywords:
Decision Choices and Conditions;
Employee Relationship Management;
Knowledge Management;
Knowledge Sharing;
Social and Collaborative Networks;
Expansion;
Consumer Products Industry;
France
Edmondson, Amy C., Bertrand Moingeon, Vincent Marie Dessain, and Ane Damgaard Jensen. "Global Knowledge Management at Danone (A)." Harvard Business School Case 608-107, December 2007. (Revised September 2011.)
- 2007
- Working Paper
Boundaries Need Not Be Barriers: Leading Collaboration among Groups in Decentralized Organizations
By: Heather M. Caruso, Todd Rogers and Max H. Bazerman
Caruso, Heather M., Todd Rogers, and Max H. Bazerman. "Boundaries Need Not Be Barriers: Leading Collaboration among Groups in Decentralized Organizations." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 07-090, May 2007. (Revised July 2008.)
- May 2005 (Revised April 2010)
- Case
GlaxoSmithKline: Reorganizing Drug Discovery (A)
By: Robert S. Huckman and Eli Strick
Describes the reorganization of drug discovery at GlaxoSmithKline (GSK) following the formation of GSK from the merger of Glaxo Wellcome and SmithKline Beecham. This reorganization placed nearly 2,000 research scientists into six centers of excellence in drug discovery...
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Keywords:
Mergers and Acquisitions;
Decision Choices and Conditions;
Operations;
Organizational Structure;
Performance Improvement;
Research and Development;
Pharmaceutical Industry
Huckman, Robert S., and Eli Strick. "GlaxoSmithKline: Reorganizing Drug Discovery (A)." Harvard Business School Case 605-074, May 2005. (Revised April 2010.)
- February 2005
- Article
European Integration and Corporate Restructuring: The Strategy of Unilever c1957-c1990
By: Geoffrey Jones and Peter Miskell
This article examines the role of the large Anglo-Dutch consumer products company in promoting European integration. It shows that Unilever contributed financially to campaigns to support the creation of the European Union, and its subsequent expansion, despite a...
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Keywords:
Horizontal Integration;
Organizations;
Policy;
Expansion;
Market Transactions;
Geographic Location;
Restructuring;
Competition;
Brands and Branding;
Production;
Capital Structure;
Value;
Consumer Products Industry;
European Union;
United States
Jones, Geoffrey, and Peter Miskell. "European Integration and Corporate Restructuring: The Strategy of Unilever c1957-c1990." Economic History Review 58, no. 1 (February 2005): 113–139.
- September 2004 (Revised August 2007)
- Case
Enterprise IT at Cisco (2004)
By: Andrew P. McAfee, F. Warren McFarlan and Alison Berkley Wagonfeld
Illustrates the challenges associated with centralizing IT decisions at Cisco after a decade of decentralized planning and project funding. When Brad Boston became Cisco's new CIO in 2001, he found that managers were starting to get frustrated with the results of their...
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Keywords:
Management;
Resource Allocation;
Information Technology;
Problems and Challenges;
Business Ventures;
Change Management;
Entrepreneurship;
Projects;
Planning;
Corporate Finance;
Information Technology Industry
McAfee, Andrew P., F. Warren McFarlan, and Alison Berkley Wagonfeld. "Enterprise IT at Cisco (2004)." Harvard Business School Case 605-015, September 2004. (Revised August 2007.)
- November 2003 (Revised July 2006)
- Case
STAR 2003
By: Thomas R. Piper
A shift in strategy from broadcasting standardized programs throughout its footprint to localized programming necessitates a review of STAR's organizational structure. Growing complexity and a need for local responsiveness point toward adoption of a country-based...
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Keywords:
Corporate Strategy;
Organizational Structure;
Management Teams;
Decision Choices and Conditions;
Organizational Design;
Complexity;
Entertainment and Recreation Industry;
Service Industry
Piper, Thomas R. "STAR 2003." Harvard Business School Case 204-014, November 2003. (Revised July 2006.)