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All HBS Web
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- Faculty Publications (128)
- April 2009
- Case
The First Global Financial Crisis of the 21st Century
By: Laura Alfaro and Renee Kim
The global economy was expected to suffer from negative growth for the full year in 2009, a phenomenon not seen since World War II. While the U.S. subprime mortgage disaster was blamed as the original instigator, it was noted that the "global imbalances" of the U.S....
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Keywords:
Financial Crisis;
Mortgages;
Globalized Economies and Regions;
Policy;
International Relations;
Business and Government Relations;
Conflict and Resolution
Alfaro, Laura, and Renee Kim. "The First Global Financial Crisis of the 21st Century." Harvard Business School Case 709-057, April 2009.
- 2009
- Working Paper
Broadening Focus: Spillovers, Complementarities and Specialization in the Hospital Industry
By: Jonathan R. Clark and Robert S. Huckman
The long-standing argument that focused operations outperform others stands in contrast to claims about the benefits of broader operational scope. The performance benefits of focus are typically attributed to reduced complexity, lower uncertainty, and the development...
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Keywords:
Health Care and Treatment;
Medical Specialties;
Performance Capacity;
Diversification;
Health Industry
Clark, Jonathan R., and Robert S. Huckman. "Broadening Focus: Spillovers, Complementarities and Specialization in the Hospital Industry." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 09-120, April 2009. (Revised April 2011.)
- 2009
- Chapter
Constructivism as an Approach to International Political Economy
By: Rawi Abdelal
This Handbook gives an overview of the range and scope of International Political Economy (IPE) scholarship by mapping the different regional schools of IPE and noting the distinctive way IPE is practiced and conceptualized around the world. The Handbook examines, in a...
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Keywords:
Development Economics;
Trade;
Higher Education;
Globalized Economies and Regions;
Government and Politics
Abdelal, Rawi. "Constructivism as an Approach to International Political Economy." In Handbook of International Political Economy, edited by Mark Blyth, 57–71. London: Routledge, 2009.
- 2008
- Working Paper
International Financial Integration and Entrepreneurial Firm Activity
By: Laura Alfaro and Andrew Charlton
We explore the relation between international financial integration and the level of entrepreneurial activity in a country. We use a unique firm-level data set in a broad sample of developed and developing countries, which enables us to present both cross-country and...
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Keywords:
International Financial Integration;
Capital Mobility;
Firm Entry;
Capital Controls;
Finance;
Integration;
Global Range;
Capital;
Entrepreneurship;
Foreign Direct Investment;
Developing Countries and Economies
Alfaro, Laura, and Andrew Charlton. "International Financial Integration and Entrepreneurial Firm Activity." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 07-012, August 2006. (Also NBER Working Paper No. 13118. NBER Working Paper Series, No. 13118, May 2007)
- 2007
- Working Paper
Platform Envelopment
By: Thomas Eisenmann, Geoffrey Parker and Marshall Van Alstyne
Due to network effects and switching costs in platform markets, entrants generally must offer revolutionary functionality. We explore a second entry path that does not rely upon Schumpeterian innovation: platform envelopment. Through envelopment, a provider in one...
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Eisenmann, Thomas, Geoffrey Parker, and Marshall Van Alstyne. "Platform Envelopment." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 07-104, June 2007. (Revised September 2008, October 2009, July 2010.)
- March 2007 (Revised April 2007)
- Case
Micro Insurance Agency: Helping the Poor Manage Risk
By: Michael Chu and Jean Hazell
The notable success of insurance products for low-income clients of its microfinance network leads Opportunity International to launch the first global specialized microinsurance company, the Micro Insurance Agency (MIA). Building on the experience in 10 countries...
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Keywords:
Developing Countries and Economies;
Cost Management;
Microfinance;
Globalization;
Growth and Development Strategy;
Risk Management;
Infrastructure;
Nonprofit Organizations;
Competition;
Financial Services Industry;
Africa;
Asia;
Latin America
Chu, Michael, and Jean Hazell. "Micro Insurance Agency: Helping the Poor Manage Risk." Harvard Business School Case 307-089, March 2007. (Revised April 2007.)
- July 2006
- Article
Dynamic Mixed Duopoly: A Model Motivated by Linux vs. Windows
By: Ramon Casadesus-Masanell and Pankaj Ghemawat
This paper analyzes a dynamic mixed duopoly in which a profit-maximizing competitor interacts with a competitor that prices at zero (or marginal cost), with the cumulation of output affecting their relative positions over time. The modeling effort is motivated by...
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Keywords:
Open Source Software;
Demand-side Learning;
Network Effects;
Linux;
Mixed Duopoly;
Competitive Dynamics;
Business Models;
Duopoly and Oligopoly;
Information Technology;
Applications and Software;
Business Model;
Mathematical Methods;
Digital Platforms;
Profit;
Balance and Stability;
Management Analysis, Tools, and Techniques;
SWOT Analysis;
Competition;
Price;
Information Technology Industry
Casadesus-Masanell, Ramon, and Pankaj Ghemawat. "Dynamic Mixed Duopoly: A Model Motivated by Linux vs. Windows." Management Science 52, no. 7 (July 2006): 1072–1084.
- March 2006
- Case
The Whitesides Lab
By: H. Kent Bowen and Francesca Gino
A significant part of the long-term economic growth in developed economies depends on the translation of scientific research into new products and processes. Focuses on the front end of this value creation stream. The laboratory of George Whitesides has a 30-year...
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Keywords:
Research;
Performance Productivity;
Economic Growth;
Infrastructure;
Creativity;
Groups and Teams;
Value Creation;
Factories, Labs, and Plants;
Leadership;
Resource Allocation
Bowen, H. Kent, and Francesca Gino. "The Whitesides Lab." Harvard Business School Case 606-064, March 2006.
- February 2005 (Revised June 2007)
- Case
Unilever in India: Hindustan Lever's Project Shakti--Marketing FMCG to the Rural Consumer
By: V. Kasturi Rangan and Rohithari Rajan
With liberalization of India's economy and the opening up of markets to foreign multinationals such as Procter & Gamble, the Indian subsidiary of Unilever--Hindustan Lever Ltd. (HLL)--was under pressure to grow revenues and profits. HLL had a long and stellar record of...
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Keywords:
Economy;
Market Entry and Exit;
Business Subsidiaries;
Revenue;
Profit;
Market Participation;
Programs;
Rural Scope;
Poverty;
Multinational Firms and Management;
Beauty and Cosmetics Industry;
Beauty and Cosmetics Industry;
India
Rangan, V. Kasturi, and Rohithari Rajan. "Unilever in India: Hindustan Lever's Project Shakti--Marketing FMCG to the Rural Consumer." Harvard Business School Case 505-056, February 2005. (Revised June 2007.)
- February 2005
- Case
Mahindra & Mahindra: Creating Scorpio
By: Tarun Khanna, Rajiv Lal and Merlina Manocaran
Details the emergence of a private sector automobile manufacturer in India that has created globally competitive and cheap versions of an SUV commonly available worldwide. Asks us to think about the parent corporation's next steps in leveraging this success. In...
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Keywords:
Developing Countries and Economies;
Global Range;
Multinational Firms and Management;
Emerging Markets;
Commercialization;
Expansion;
Auto Industry;
India
Khanna, Tarun, Rajiv Lal, and Merlina Manocaran. "Mahindra & Mahindra: Creating Scorpio." Harvard Business School Case 705-478, February 2005.
- January 2004 (Revised March 2005)
- Background Note
Managing Client Conflicts
By: Ashish Nanda
This case describes the two types of client conflict--conflict of duty and conflict of service--that professionals manage. It delineates how the management of these conflicts affects the scale and scope of service that professionals provide.
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Nanda, Ashish. "Managing Client Conflicts." Harvard Business School Background Note 904-059, January 2004. (Revised March 2005.)
- November 2003 (Revised December 2003)
- Case
Enabling Business Strategy with IT at the World Bank
By: F. Warren McFarlan and Brian DeLacey
World Bank IT provides services (communications, applications, video conferencing, knowledge sharing, distance learning, information sharing, client commerce, crisis management, etc.) on a global basis to the poorest countries in the globe via satellites. This case...
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Keywords:
Information Infrastructure;
Globalized Economies and Regions;
Information Technology;
Global Strategy;
Business Strategy;
Banks and Banking;
Banking Industry
McFarlan, F. Warren, and Brian DeLacey. "Enabling Business Strategy with IT at the World Bank." Harvard Business School Case 304-055, November 2003. (Revised December 2003.)
- 2003
- Working Paper
Dynamic Mixed Duopoly: A Model Motivated by Linux vs. Windows
By: Ramon Casadesus-Masanell and Pankaj Ghemawat
This paper analyzes a dynamic mixed duopoly in which a profit-maximizing competitor interacts with a competitor that prices at zero (or marginal cost), with the cumulation of output affecting their relative positions over time. The modeling effort is motivated by...
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Keywords:
Business Model;
Competition;
Open Source Distribution;
Balance and Stability;
Applications and Software;
Network Effects;
Duopoly and Oligopoly
Casadesus-Masanell, Ramon, and Pankaj Ghemawat. "Dynamic Mixed Duopoly: A Model Motivated by Linux vs. Windows." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 04-012, August 2003.
- March 2003 (Revised April 2006)
- Background Note
Scale and Scope in Professional Service Firms
By: Ashish Nanda
This case discusses why economies (and diseconomies) of scale and scope exist in professional service firms (PSFs) and how they influence the amount and range of services that PSFs offer. It is distributed with a case that focuses on determining the optimal scale/scope...
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Nanda, Ashish. "Scale and Scope in Professional Service Firms." Harvard Business School Background Note 903-117, March 2003. (Revised April 2006.)
- March 2002 (Revised January 2010)
- Case
BP and the Consolidation of the Oil Industry, 1998-2002
By: Forest L. Reinhardt, Ramon Casadesus-Masanell and David J Hanson
Examines the economics of the oil and gas industry with a focus on 1998 through 2001. Discusses the rationale behind using a growth in scale as a means to increase profitability and to gain competitive advantage. Also examines the classic strategic implications of...
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Keywords:
Non-Renewable Energy;
Growth and Development Strategy;
Industry Structures;
Competitive Advantage;
Consolidation;
Horizontal Integration;
Vertical Integration;
Energy Industry
Reinhardt, Forest L., Ramon Casadesus-Masanell, and David J Hanson. "BP and the Consolidation of the Oil Industry, 1998-2002." Harvard Business School Case 702-012, March 2002. (Revised January 2010.)
- Article
Scale and Scope in Drug Development: Unpacking the Advantages of Size in Pharmaceutical Research
By: Rebecca Henderson and Iain Cockburn
Henderson, Rebecca, and Iain Cockburn. "Scale and Scope in Drug Development: Unpacking the Advantages of Size in Pharmaceutical Research." Journal of Health Economics 20, no. 6 (November 2001).
- October 1998 (Revised December 1999)
- Case
Lockheed Martin IMS: Making a Contribution and a Profit
By: Rosabeth M. Kanter and Courtney Purrington
Examines Lockheed Martin's attempt to move from its traditional reliance on defense/aerospace contracts into providing outsourced government services in the social sector. The protagonist reflects on the past 24 years of rapid growth in the company and the myriad...
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Keywords:
Social Enterprise;
Partners and Partnerships;
Diversification;
Performance Effectiveness;
Job Cuts and Outsourcing;
Welfare;
Private Ownership;
Public Ownership;
Privatization;
Strategic Planning;
United States
Kanter, Rosabeth M., and Courtney Purrington. "Lockheed Martin IMS: Making a Contribution and a Profit." Harvard Business School Case 399-018, October 1998. (Revised December 1999.)
- February 1998 (Revised May 2007)
- Case
Airborne Express
By: Jan W. Rivkin
In the wake of a highly successful quarter, senior managers of Airborne Express, the third largest player in the express mail industry, review the firm's competitive position. Airborne has survived, and recently prospered, in an industry with significant economies of...
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Keywords:
Competition;
Business Strategy;
Partners and Partnerships;
Global Strategy;
Rank and Position;
Service Industry
Rivkin, Jan W. "Airborne Express." Harvard Business School Case 798-070, February 1998. (Revised May 2007.)
- July 1997 (Revised April 1998)
- Case
Chase Manhattan Corporation: The Making of America's Largest Bank
By: Stuart C. Gilson and Cedric Escalle
Chase Bank and Chemical Bank intend to merge, producing the largest commercial bank in the United States, the fourth largest in the world. Projected financial benefits under the merger reflect significant planned reduction in operating costs, including 17,000 employee...
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Keywords:
Commercial Banking;
Profit;
Corporate Strategy;
Value Creation;
Restructuring;
Negotiation;
Mergers and Acquisitions;
Risk and Uncertainty;
Resignation and Termination;
Revenue;
Banking Industry;
United States
Gilson, Stuart C., and Cedric Escalle. "Chase Manhattan Corporation: The Making of America's Largest Bank." Harvard Business School Case 298-016, July 1997. (Revised April 1998.)
- Article
Scale and Scope in Drug Development: Unpacking the Advantages of Size in Pharmaceutical Research
By: Rebecca M. Henderson and Iain Cockburn
Henderson, Rebecca M., and Iain Cockburn. "Scale and Scope in Drug Development: Unpacking the Advantages of Size in Pharmaceutical Research." Journal of Health Economics 20, no. 6 (November 2001): 32–59.