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All HBS Web
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- Faculty Publications (2,515)
- July 1991 (Revised September 1995)
- Case
Eastman Kodak Co.: Managing Information Systems Through Strategic Alliances
In January 1988, Colby Chandler, Kodak CEO, created the Corporate Information Systems (CIS) and appointed Katherine Hudson head. She at once became the first head of IT and first woman corporate vice president in the company. Throughout 1989, Hudson inaugurated a...
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Keywords:
Corporate Strategy;
Information Technology;
Partners and Partnerships;
Organizational Structure;
Success;
Trends;
Information Management;
Service Operations;
Manufacturing Industry
Applegate, Lynda M. "Eastman Kodak Co.: Managing Information Systems Through Strategic Alliances." Harvard Business School Case 192-030, July 1991. (Revised September 1995.)
- July 1991 (Revised June 1993)
- Background Note
Conflicting Responsibilities
Presents a framework for resolving issues in which managers' responsibilities--to shareholders, employees, other stakeholder groups, and to their own values and commitments in life--conflict with each other. The framework analyzes these issues in terms of duties,...
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Keywords:
Ethics;
Employees;
Management Analysis, Tools, and Techniques;
Management Practices and Processes;
Organizational Structure;
Personal Development and Career;
Business and Shareholder Relations;
Business and Stakeholder Relations
Badaracco, Joseph L. "Conflicting Responsibilities." Harvard Business School Background Note 392-002, July 1991. (Revised June 1993.)
- June 1991 (Revised April 1993)
- Case
General Electric: Jack Welch's Second Wave (A)
By the mid 1980's Jack Welch had completely transformed General Electric with more than 300 divestitures and acquisitions since the beginning of the decade. Welch insisted that his business units be number one or number two in their markets, and have the strength of...
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Keywords:
Business Conglomerates;
Transformation;
Employee Relationship Management;
Planning;
Corporate Strategy
Bartlett, Christopher A. "General Electric: Jack Welch's Second Wave (A)." Harvard Business School Case 391-248, June 1991. (Revised April 1993.)
- June 1991 (Revised June 1993)
- Case
Becton Dickinson (B): Global Management
By: Michael Beer
The president of Becton Dickinson (BD) and his top management team struggle with issues of: 1) how to manage the top of the organization, focusing on leadership style, the committee structure, and the role of sector presidents, and 2) how to manage a multinational...
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Keywords:
Globalized Firms and Management;
Multinational Firms and Management;
Human Resources;
Leadership Style;
Management Teams;
Corporate Strategy;
Health Industry
Beer, Michael. "Becton Dickinson (B): Global Management." Harvard Business School Case 491-152, June 1991. (Revised June 1993.)
- June 1991 (Revised April 1993)
- Case
Acer, Inc.
By: Robert H. Hayes
Acer is undergoing two major transitions at the time of this case: from a small, entrepreneurially-run company to a large professionally-run one; and from a largely domestic company to a multinational one. After a decade of phenomenal growth, it is now facing a major...
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Keywords:
Transition;
Motivation and Incentives;
Multinational Firms and Management;
Business Growth and Maturation;
Employees;
Resignation and Termination;
Cross-Cultural and Cross-Border Issues;
Diversity;
Computer Industry;
Taiwan
Hayes, Robert H. "Acer, Inc." Harvard Business School Case 691-104, June 1991. (Revised April 1993.)
- April 1991 (Revised November 1997)
- Case
Levi Strauss & Co. and the AIDS Crisis
Keywords:
Health Disorders;
Employee Relationship Management;
Corporate Social Responsibility and Impact;
Apparel and Accessories Industry
Tedlow, Richard S. "Levi Strauss & Co. and the AIDS Crisis." Harvard Business School Case 391-198, April 1991. (Revised November 1997.)
- spring 1991
- Article
Breaking the Cycle of Failure in Services
By: Leonard A. Schlesinger and James Heskett
Most managers recognize that good service is a direct result of having effective, productive people in customer contact positions. However, most service companies perpetuate a cycle of failure by tolerating high turnover and expecting employee dissatisfaction. This...
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Keywords:
Goals and Objectives;
Service Delivery;
Success;
Failure;
Management Skills;
Service Industry
Schlesinger, Leonard A., and James Heskett. "Breaking the Cycle of Failure in Services." MIT Sloan Management Review 32, no. 3 (spring 1991): 17–28.
- March 1991 (Revised July 1993)
- Case
Kyocera Corp.
By: John P. Kotter
Examines the three factors critical to this company's remarkable success in the high tech field. The first factor is the founder, Dr. Inamori's powerful leadership. The second is the strong corporate culture or philosophy of the firm. The third element in Kyocera's...
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Keywords:
Customer Relationship Management;
Information Infrastructure;
Leadership Style;
Management Systems;
Management Style;
Organizational Culture;
Practice;
Profit;
Planning;
Technology Industry;
Electronics Industry
Kotter, John P. "Kyocera Corp." Harvard Business School Case 491-078, March 1991. (Revised July 1993.)
- February 1991 (Revised August 2001)
- Case
Ann Hopkins (A)
By: Joseph L. Badaracco Jr. and Ilyse Barkan
Intended to help students understand the many barriers organizations face as their members and their management ranks grow more diverse. As a case on business ethics, it encourages students to discuss what "fairness" and "diversity" mean when an organization is also...
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Keywords:
Ethics;
Employee Relationship Management;
Organizational Culture;
Organizational Structure;
Problems and Challenges;
Groups and Teams
Badaracco, Joseph L., Jr., and Ilyse Barkan. "Ann Hopkins (A)." Harvard Business School Case 391-155, February 1991. (Revised August 2001.)
- February 1991 (Revised July 1993)
- Case
Cultural Change at Nissan Motors
By: John P. Kotter
Depicts the reformation of Nissan Motor Co.'s corporate culture and the company's subsequent turnaround in market share and profits. In 1985, Yutaka Kume became president of Nissan and thereafter, he continually emphasized the need for internal change throughout the...
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Keywords:
Organizational Change and Adaptation;
Organizational Culture;
Leadership;
Behavior;
Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms;
Change Management;
Management;
Auto Industry;
Manufacturing Industry
Kotter, John P. "Cultural Change at Nissan Motors." Harvard Business School Case 491-079, February 1991. (Revised July 1993.)
- January 1991 (Revised March 1991)
- Case
Responsible Care
By: George C. Lodge and Jeffrey F. Rayport
Describes a 1989 initiative of the Chemical Manufacturer's Association (CMA) to secure chemical industry support for and implementation of a series of codes of conduct in the field of environmental health and safety. Called "Responsible Care", the program makes...
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Keywords:
Business and Government Relations;
Fairness;
Ethics;
Environmental Sustainability;
Safety;
Chemical Industry
Lodge, George C., and Jeffrey F. Rayport. "Responsible Care." Harvard Business School Case 391-135, January 1991. (Revised March 1991.)
- January 1991 (Revised March 2010)
- Case
Westchester Distributing, Inc. (A)
By: Robert L. Simons and Robert Boxwell
Focuses on the three-way interaction among internal controls, employee behavior, and incentives. Salesmen are illegally providing kickbacks to customers of this beer-distribution firm. In turn, salesmen are reimbursing themselves by filing fraudulent expense reports....
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Keywords:
Financial Reporting;
Crime and Corruption;
Corporate Governance;
Governance Controls;
Salesforce Management;
Behavior;
Motivation and Incentives;
Distribution Industry;
Food and Beverage Industry
Simons, Robert L., and Robert Boxwell. "Westchester Distributing, Inc. (A)." Harvard Business School Case 191-118, January 1991. (Revised March 2010.)
- January 1991 (Revised March 1992)
- Case
USA Today
By: Robert L. Simons
USA Today is a national newspaper struggling to achieve profitability. This case focuses on the use of management control systems to identify emerging opportunities and the formulation of new strategies. The interactive system used by top managers--the Friday...
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Keywords:
Strategy;
Competitive Advantage;
Management Analysis, Tools, and Techniques;
Managerial Roles;
Forecasting and Prediction;
Growth and Development Strategy;
Risk Management;
Labor and Management Relations;
Organizational Change and Adaptation;
Risk and Uncertainty;
Journalism and News Industry;
United States
Simons, Robert L. "USA Today." Harvard Business School Case 191-004, January 1991. (Revised March 1992.)
- Article
Enfranchisement of Service Workers
By: Leonard A. Schlesinger and James Heskett
Enfranchisement is achieved through an integration of empowerment with methods of pay for performance. Evidence from Ito Yokado Group in Japan and Nordstrom in the US demonstrates the positive effects of enfranchisement. Successful efforts to enfranchise employees: 1....
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Keywords:
Motivation and Incentives;
Franchise Ownership;
Employees;
Compensation and Benefits;
Service Industry;
Japan;
United States
Schlesinger, Leonard A., and James Heskett. "Enfranchisement of Service Workers." California Management Review 33, no. 4 (Summer 1991).
- November 1990 (Revised March 1994)
- Case
Digital Equipment Corp.: The Kodak Outsourcing Agreement (A)
By: Lynda M. Applegate and Herminia M. Ibarra
Describes grassroots effort which culminated in Digital's winning a competitive bid for the outsourcing of Kodak's internal telecommunications business. Describes the "Telstar" project, from the initial identification of the business opportunity to the process of...
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Keywords:
Innovation and Management;
Partners and Partnerships;
Leading Change;
Agreements and Arrangements;
Business or Company Management;
Bids and Bidding;
Decision Making;
Management Teams;
Telecommunications Industry
Applegate, Lynda M., and Herminia M. Ibarra. "Digital Equipment Corp.: The Kodak Outsourcing Agreement (A)." Harvard Business School Case 191-039, November 1990. (Revised March 1994.)
- November 1990 (Revised June 1991)
- Case
American Airlines (A): Strategy in the 1990s
By: Jay W. Lorsch and Gary W. Loveman
American Airlines is pursuing a growth strategy through international and domestic route expansion. At the same time, the airline is working hard to cut costs while trying to provide the best customer service possible. Is this strategy achievable given the recent surge...
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Keywords:
Expansion;
Air Transportation;
Cost Management;
Customer Focus and Relationships;
Growth and Development Strategy;
Air Transportation Industry;
United States
Lorsch, Jay W., and Gary W. Loveman. "American Airlines (A): Strategy in the 1990s." Harvard Business School Case 491-044, November 1990. (Revised June 1991.)
- November 1990 (Revised April 1999)
- Case
General Motors: Packard Electric Division
Packard Electric is the division of General Motors (GM) that does all of the electrical wiring and cabling for GM automobiles. They developed a new approach for passing the cables through the firewall between the engine and passenger compartments. The new technology...
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Keywords:
Business Divisions;
Cost;
Management Style;
Product Design;
Product Development;
Production;
Projects;
Groups and Teams;
Conflict and Resolution;
Technology;
Auto Industry
Wheelwright, Steven C. "General Motors: Packard Electric Division." Harvard Business School Case 691-030, November 1990. (Revised April 1999.)
- November 1990
- Article
The Impact of Race on Managers' Experiences of Developmental Relationships
By: D. A. Thomas
Thomas, D. A. "The Impact of Race on Managers' Experiences of Developmental Relationships." Journal of Organizational Behavior 2, no. 4 (November 1990): 479–492.
- October 1990 (Revised September 1993)
- Case
Changing the Culture at British Airways
By: John P. Kotter
In just 10 years, 1980-1990, British Airways turned around both its declining image and financial situation. Focusing on the paramount importance of customer service, British Airways went from "bloody awful" to "bloody awesome." Experiencing a financial crisis in 1981...
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Keywords:
Organizational Change and Adaptation;
Organizational Culture;
Problems and Challenges;
Customer Relationship Management;
Corporate Strategy;
Privatization;
Air Transportation Industry;
United Kingdom
Kotter, John P. "Changing the Culture at British Airways." Harvard Business School Case 491-009, October 1990. (Revised September 1993.)
- October 1990 (Revised April 1991)
- Case
RU 486 (A)
Describes the factors faced by Roussel UCLAF, a French drug company, in deciding whether and how to market a controversial new drug, RU 486, which is often called "the French abortion pill." Roussel's decision involved its relations with the French government, its...
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Keywords:
Judgments;
Ethics;
Product Launch;
Negotiation;
Outcome or Result;
Performance;
Business and Government Relations;
Health Industry;
Pharmaceutical Industry;
France;
Germany;
United States
Badaracco, Joseph L., Jr. "RU 486 (A)." Harvard Business School Case 391-050, October 1990. (Revised April 1991.)