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All HBS Web
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- Faculty Publications (166)
- December 2006 (Revised May 2008)
- Case
Lion Capital and the Blackstone Group: The Orangina Deal
By: G. Felda Hardymon, Josh Lerner and Ann Leamon
The managing partners of two private equity firms are hoping to forestall a third bidding round for a target company, the European beverage division of Cadbury Schweppes. As they wait to meet with the CEO, they revisit their assumptions on the deal and review the...
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Keywords:
Mergers and Acquisitions;
Private Equity;
Negotiation Deal;
Negotiation Process;
Partners and Partnerships;
Valuation;
Europe
Hardymon, G. Felda, Josh Lerner, and Ann Leamon. "Lion Capital and the Blackstone Group: The Orangina Deal." Harvard Business School Case 807-005, December 2006. (Revised May 2008.)
- November 2006 (Revised December 2011)
- Case
HCA, Inc. (A)
Focuses on the buyout of HCA by three private equity firms: Bain Capital, KKR, and Merrill Lynch Global Private Equity. It provides an opportunity to discuss a variety of issues related to leveraged buyouts including the process, the role of private equity, the...
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Keywords:
Leveraged Buyouts;
Private Equity;
Investment;
Business and Shareholder Relations;
Conflict and Resolution;
Valuation
Ruback, Richard S. "HCA, Inc. (A)." Harvard Business School Case 207-076, November 2006. (Revised December 2011.)
- December 2005 (Revised November 2006)
- Case
Corning, 2002
By: Malcolm P. Baker and James Quinn
Corning, with large investments in fiber optic technology, was hit particularly hard by the collapse of the telecommunications industry in 2001. With over $4 billion in debt, the firm's survival appears to rest on raising additional equity capital. The protagonist is...
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Keywords:
Financial Strategy;
Financial Condition;
Financial Instruments;
Valuation;
Capital;
Public Equity;
Stock Shares;
Business or Company Management;
Strategy;
Manufacturing Industry;
Industrial Products Industry
Baker, Malcolm P., and James Quinn. "Corning, 2002." Harvard Business School Case 206-018, December 2005. (Revised November 2006.)
- September 2005 (Revised April 2007)
- Case
Spyder Active Sports - 2004
By: Belen Villalonga, Dwight B. Crane and James Quinn
David Jacobs founded a high-end ski apparel company in 1978. He successfully built and grew the company, establishing a major international brand that appealed to ski racers and other active skiers. In 1995, he sought external financing to support further growth of the...
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Keywords:
Private Ownership;
Private Equity;
Financial Liquidity;
Business Exit or Shutdown;
Valuation;
Brands and Branding;
Wealth;
Family Business;
Financing and Loans;
Globalization;
Apparel and Accessories Industry;
Sports Industry;
Colorado
Villalonga, Belen, Dwight B. Crane, and James Quinn. "Spyder Active Sports - 2004." Harvard Business School Case 206-027, September 2005. (Revised April 2007.)
- April 2005 (Revised August 2011)
- Case
Berkshire Partners: Bidding for Carter's
By: Malcolm P. Baker and James Quinn
A five-member team from Berkshire Partners must recommend a final bid and financial structure for a leveraged buyout of William Carter Co., a leading producer of children's apparel. Investorcorp, a global investment group, has put the company up for auction. Goldman...
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Keywords:
Leveraged Buyouts;
Capital Structure;
Private Equity;
Financing and Loans;
Auctions;
Bids and Bidding;
Valuation;
Apparel and Accessories Industry
Baker, Malcolm P., and James Quinn. "Berkshire Partners: Bidding for Carter's." Harvard Business School Case 205-058, April 2005. (Revised August 2011.)
- September 2004
- Teaching Note
Between a Rock and a Hard Place: Valuation and Distribution in Private Equity (TN)
By: G. Felda Hardymon, Josh Lerner and Ann Leamon
Teaching Note to (9-803-161).
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- March 2004 (Revised May 2005)
- Case
Shurgard Self-Storage: Expansion to Europe
By: Richard G. Hamermesh and Indra Reinbergs
Shurgard, a U.S.-based firm that rents storage facilities to consumers and small businesses, is considering financing options for rapid expansion of its European operations. Five years after entering Europe, Shurgard Europe has opened 17 facilities in Belgium, France,...
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Keywords:
Private Equity;
Valuation;
Business Model;
Governing and Advisory Boards;
Entrepreneurship;
Cross-Cultural and Cross-Border Issues;
Service Industry;
Belgium;
France;
Sweden;
United States;
Europe
Hamermesh, Richard G., and Indra Reinbergs. "Shurgard Self-Storage: Expansion to Europe." Harvard Business School Case 804-112, March 2004. (Revised May 2005.)
- November 2003 (Revised February 2011)
- Case
Sanford C. Bernstein: The Fork in the Road (A)
By: Boris Groysberg and Anahita Hashemi
Soon after the death of the firm's legendary founder, the individuals then serving as chairman and as president--Lewis A. Sanders and Roger Hertog, respectively--talked about the future of their firm. Sanford C. Bernstein & Co., a private investment firm, had grown...
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Keywords:
Mergers and Acquisitions;
Organizational Change and Adaptation;
Organizational Culture;
Performance Expectations;
Competitive Advantage;
Valuation
Groysberg, Boris, and Anahita Hashemi. "Sanford C. Bernstein: The Fork in the Road (A)." Harvard Business School Case 404-001, November 2003. (Revised February 2011.)
- September 2003
- Case
Valuing a Cross-Border LBO: Bidding on the Yell Group
By: Mihir A. Desai, Paolo Notarnicola and Mark Veblen
A team of private equity investors must value the leveraged buyout of a Yellow Pages business that operated in both the United States and the United Kingdom. In the process, they must wrestle with issues of how to conduct cross-border valuations and how to value a...
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Keywords:
Leveraged Buyouts;
Cash Flow;
Private Equity;
Cross-Cultural and Cross-Border Issues;
Valuation
Desai, Mihir A., Paolo Notarnicola, and Mark Veblen. "Valuing a Cross-Border LBO: Bidding on the Yell Group." Harvard Business School Case 204-033, September 2003.
- February 2003 (Revised March 2011)
- Background Note
Between a Rock and a Hard Place: Valuation and Distribution in Private Equity
By: G. Felda Hardymon, Josh Lerner and Ann Leamon
Introduces the issues attendant to valuing privately held portfolios and distributing thinly traded stock. Although they have existed since the beginning of the formal venture capital industry, they have received increasing amounts of attention as the money invested in...
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Keywords:
Venture Capital;
Private Equity;
Stocks;
Investment Portfolio;
Valuation;
Financial Services Industry
Hardymon, G. Felda, Josh Lerner, and Ann Leamon. "Between a Rock and a Hard Place: Valuation and Distribution in Private Equity." Harvard Business School Background Note 803-161, February 2003. (Revised March 2011.)
- February 2003
- Exercise
Restructuring the U.S. Steel Industry: Spreadsheet Exercise
Description of an EXCEL spreadsheet exercise to test the impact of changes in wage rates on the value of debt and equity securities.
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- June 2002
- Background Note
Note on the Equivalency of Methods for Discounting Cash Flows
Uses a numerical example to demonstrate that when you discount the cash flows to capital from a project at the weighted average cost of capital, you get same net present value result as you obtain when discounting the cash flows to equity at the cost of equity. Also...
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Fruhan, William E., Jr. "Note on the Equivalency of Methods for Discounting Cash Flows." Harvard Business School Background Note 202-128, June 2002.
- 2002
- Other Unpublished Work
Market Liquidity as a Sentiment Indicator
By: Malcolm Baker and Jeremy Stein
We build a model that helps to explain why increases in liquidity—such as lower bid–ask spreads, a lower price impact of trade, or higher turnover—predict lower subsequent returns in both firm-level and aggregate data. The model features a class of irrational...
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Keywords:
Price;
Financial Liquidity;
Trade;
Valuation;
Markets;
Forecasting and Prediction;
Equity;
Stock Shares;
Investment Return
Baker, Malcolm, and Jeremy Stein. "Market Liquidity as a Sentiment Indicator." NBER Working Paper Series, 2002. (First draft in 2001.)
- February 2002
- Article
Market Timing and Capital Structure
By: Malcolm Baker and Jeffrey Wurgler
It is well known that firms tend to raise equity when their market values are high relative to book and past market values. We document that the resulting effects on capital structure are very persistent. As a consequence, current capital structure is strongly related...
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Baker, Malcolm, and Jeffrey Wurgler. "Market Timing and Capital Structure." Journal of Finance 57, no. 1 (February 2002): 1–32. (Winner of Brattle Prize. First Prize Paper For outstanding papers on corporate finance published in the Journal of Finance presented by Brattle Group, Inc. Reprinted in Recent Developments in Corporate Finance, edited by Jay Ritter. Edward Elgar Publishing: UK, 2005.)
- January 2002 (Revised January 2003)
- Case
Finova Group, Inc. (A), The
By: Stuart C. Gilson and Perry Fagan
Finova Group, a $14 billion commercial finance company, filed for Chapter 11 in early March 2001, in what was one of the largest U.S. bankruptcy filings of all time and the largest corporate bond default since the Great Depression. While in Chapter 11, Finova became...
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Keywords:
Acquisition;
Business Startups;
Borrowing and Debt;
Equity;
Insolvency and Bankruptcy;
Debt Securities;
Price;
Crisis Management;
Bids and Bidding;
Partners and Partnerships;
Strategy;
Valuation;
Financial Services Industry;
United States
Gilson, Stuart C., and Perry Fagan. "Finova Group, Inc. (A), The." Harvard Business School Case 202-095, January 2002. (Revised January 2003.)
- July 2001
- Technical Note
Technical Note on LBO Valuation (A): LBO Structure and the Target IRR Method of Valuation
Explains the equity cash flow method of valuation as it applies to leveraged buyouts. Also explains: 1) earnings and cash flow forecasts, 2) debt structure and the cash sweep, 3) the cashing out horizon and terminal valuation, and 4) the target IRR method of valuation.
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Keywords:
Valuation;
Leveraged Buyouts;
Capital Budgeting;
Borrowing and Debt;
Cash Flow;
Equity;
Profit;
Price;
Forecasting and Prediction
Baldwin, Carliss Y. "Technical Note on LBO Valuation (A): LBO Structure and the Target IRR Method of Valuation." Harvard Business School Technical Note 902-004, July 2001.
- July 2001
- Technical Note
Technical Note on LBO Valuation (B): The Equity Cash Flow Method of Valuation using CAPM
Explains the equity cash flow method of valuation as it applies to leveraged buyouts. Also explains how to implement the changing cost of equity method using the CAPM.
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Keywords:
Leveraged Buyouts;
Forecasting and Prediction;
Cash Flow;
Cost of Capital;
Equity;
Valuation
Baldwin, Carliss Y. "Technical Note on LBO Valuation (B): The Equity Cash Flow Method of Valuation using CAPM." Harvard Business School Technical Note 902-005, July 2001.
- June 2001 (Revised September 2011)
- Case
PepsiCo's Bid for Quaker Oats (A)
By: Carliss Y. Baldwin and Leonid P Sudakov
Throughout 1999, PepsiCo closely tracked several potential strategic acquisitions. In the fall of 2000, it appeared that the right moment for an equity-financed acquisition had arrived. At this time, PepsiCo management decided to initiate confidential discussions with...
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Keywords:
Mergers and Acquisitions;
Private Equity;
Stock Shares;
Negotiation;
Strategy;
Valuation;
Food and Beverage Industry
Baldwin, Carliss Y., and Leonid P Sudakov. "PepsiCo's Bid for Quaker Oats (A)." Harvard Business School Case 801-458, June 2001. (Revised September 2011.)
- June 2001
- Case
ESL Golf (A)
By: Carliss Y. Baldwin and Christopher R Gordon
Todd Peterson and his colleagues have spent five weeks analyzing CMP Capital Partners' potential leveraged buyout of ESL Golf. They are about to present their analysis and bid proposal to the investment committee, consisting of all CMP partners, which must approve any...
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- June 2001
- Case
ESL Golf (B)
By: Carliss Y. Baldwin and Christopher R Gordon
Supplements the (A) case.
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