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- October 2006 (Revised February 2010)
- Case
Linux vs. Windows
By: Ramon Casadesus-Masanell and Jordan Mitchell
As of 2006, Microsoft is finding that its dominant position in client and server operating systems is under attack from Linux. While Linux has only 3% of the worldwide installed base of PC operating systems, it had captured 20% of the server market by the end of 2005...
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Keywords:
Business Model;
For-Profit Firms;
Open Source Distribution;
Competitive Strategy;
Applications and Software;
Value;
Technology Industry
Casadesus-Masanell, Ramon, and Jordan Mitchell. "Linux vs. Windows." Harvard Business School Case 707-465, October 2006. (Revised February 2010.)
- July 2004 (Revised July 2005)
- Case
Linux in 2004
By: Pankaj Ghemawat, Brian Subirana and Christina Pham
A new technology platform conceived in the early 1990s, Linux developed into a force to be reckoned with in the operating system marketplace. At first, Linux was dismissed as a renegade option used only by tech geeks. By 2004, however, Linux had exploded into the...
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Keywords:
Competition;
Open Source Distribution;
Information Technology;
Applications and Software;
Digital Platforms;
Information Technology Industry
Ghemawat, Pankaj, Brian Subirana, and Christina Pham. "Linux in 2004." Harvard Business School Case 705-407, July 2004. (Revised July 2005.)
- June 2003
- Case
IBM and Linux (A)
By: Carliss Y. Baldwin, Siobhan O'Mahony and James Quinn
In the fall of 1998, Dan Frye, member of IBM's emerging technologies and business team, is trying to decide whether to forge a strategic alliance with the Linux Development Community (LDC). Just two years earlier, IBM had its first exposure to an "open source" software...
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Keywords:
Mergers and Acquisitions;
Open Source Distribution;
Problems and Challenges;
Alliances;
Cooperation;
Computer Industry;
Information Technology Industry
Baldwin, Carliss Y., Siobhan O'Mahony, and James Quinn. "IBM and Linux (A)." Harvard Business School Case 903-083, June 2003.
- November 1999 (Revised March 2002)
- Case
Red Hat and the Linux Revolution
By: Alan D. MacCormack and Kerry Herman
The case describes the history of the Linux operating system and the open-source movement in general. Focuses on a critical decision being made by Red Hat, the largest distributor of Linux, about its future development efforts. The decision allows students to explore...
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Keywords:
Open Source Distribution;
Applications and Software;
Product Development;
Change Management;
Research and Development;
Business Processes;
Disruptive Innovation;
Information Technology Industry;
North Carolina
MacCormack, Alan D., and Kerry Herman. "Red Hat and the Linux Revolution." Harvard Business School Case 600-009, November 1999. (Revised March 2002.)
- Awards
Linux Foundation Core Infrastructure Initiative Grant
By: Frank Nagle
Received a Linux Foundation Core Infrastructure Initiative Grant with Karim Lakhani in 2020.
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- July 2006
- Article
Dynamic Mixed Duopoly: A Model Motivated by Linux vs. Windows
By: Ramon Casadesus-Masanell and Pankaj Ghemawat
This paper analyzes a dynamic mixed duopoly in which a profit-maximizing competitor interacts with a competitor that prices at zero (or marginal cost), with the cumulation of output affecting their relative positions over time. The modeling effort is motivated by...
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Keywords:
Open Source Software;
Demand-side Learning;
Network Effects;
Linux;
Mixed Duopoly;
Competitive Dynamics;
Business Models;
Duopoly and Oligopoly;
Information Technology;
Applications and Software;
Business Model;
Mathematical Methods;
Digital Platforms;
Profit;
Balance and Stability;
Management Analysis, Tools, and Techniques;
SWOT Analysis;
Competition;
Price;
Information Technology Industry
Casadesus-Masanell, Ramon, and Pankaj Ghemawat. "Dynamic Mixed Duopoly: A Model Motivated by Linux vs. Windows." Management Science 52, no. 7 (July 2006): 1072–1084.
- September 2008 (Revised March 2010)
- Teaching Note
Linux vs. Windows (TN)
Teaching Note for [707465].
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- March 2002 (Revised March 2006)
- Teaching Note
Red Hat and the Linux Revolution TN
Teaching Note for (9-600-009).
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- 2003
- Working Paper
Dynamic Mixed Duopoly: A Model Motivated by Linux vs. Windows
By: Ramon Casadesus-Masanell and Pankaj Ghemawat
This paper analyzes a dynamic mixed duopoly in which a profit-maximizing competitor interacts with a competitor that prices at zero (or marginal cost), with the cumulation of output affecting their relative positions over time. The modeling effort is motivated by...
View Details
Keywords:
Business Model;
Competition;
Open Source Distribution;
Balance and Stability;
Applications and Software;
Network Effects;
Duopoly and Oligopoly
Casadesus-Masanell, Ramon, and Pankaj Ghemawat. "Dynamic Mixed Duopoly: A Model Motivated by Linux vs. Windows." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 04-012, August 2003.
- October 2005 (Revised February 2007)
- Case
Red Flag Software Co.
By: Felix Oberholzer-Gee, Tarun Khanna, David Lane and Elizabeth Raabe
In 2005, just five years after its formal launch, Beijing-based Red Flag Software was the world's second-largest distributor of the Linux operating system and was expecting its first annual profit. On a unit basis, Red Flag led the world in desktops (PCs) shipped with...
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Keywords:
Digital Platforms;
Competitive Advantage;
Applications and Software;
Business Startups;
Globalized Markets and Industries;
Information Technology Industry;
Distribution Industry;
Beijing;
United States
Oberholzer-Gee, Felix, Tarun Khanna, David Lane, and Elizabeth Raabe. "Red Flag Software Co." Harvard Business School Case 706-428, October 2005. (Revised February 2007.)
- February 2001
- Case
Sun Microsystems, Inc.: Solaris Strategy
In the late 1990s, Sun Microsystems' Solaris has emerged as the dominant UNIX-based alternative to Microsoft for server operating systems. At the same time, the open source operating system Linux has appeared unexpectedly, and it is generating significant excitement...
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Silverman, Brian S., and Mark Rosenberg. "Sun Microsystems, Inc.: Solaris Strategy." Harvard Business School Case 701-058, February 2001.
- January 2013
- Supplement
Microsoft Server & Tools (B)
By: Marco Iansiti and Alain Serels
Supplement for case 613031. Update on progress of Microsoft's Server & Tools Business through July 2011. Satya Nadella and his team explore whether or not to support Linux on Windows Azure.
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Keywords:
Technological Innovation;
Disruptive Innovation;
Information Technology;
Information Technology Industry
Iansiti, Marco, and Alain Serels. "Microsoft Server & Tools (B)." Harvard Business School Supplement 613-046, January 2013.
- June 2004 (Revised November 2004)
- Case
Microsoft in 2004
By: Michael G. Rukstad, David B. Yoffie, Brian DeLacey and Deborah Freier
Surveys Microsoft's expansion into new businesses, such as mobile and embedded devices, home and entertainment, and business solutions, as it faces challenges due to size and maturity and outside threats from Linux and Google. A rewritten version of an earlier case.
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Keywords:
Competitive Advantage;
Applications and Software;
Expansion;
Growth and Development Strategy;
Information Technology Industry;
Washington (state, US)
Rukstad, Michael G., David B. Yoffie, Brian DeLacey, and Deborah Freier. "Microsoft in 2004." Harvard Business School Case 704-508, June 2004. (Revised November 2004.)
- 29 Sep 2014
- News
The Bash Bug Is a Wake-Up Call
- July 2004 (Revised September 2004)
- Case
Novell: CEO-led Turnaround and Growth Strategy
By: Richard L. Nolan and Robert D. Austin
Novell CEO Jack Messman tried to return the company to its leadership position in the software industry through a strategy that embraces Linux and other open source software. This case serves as an introduction to open source software and strategies based on open...
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Keywords:
Organizational Change and Adaptation;
Value Creation;
Open Source Distribution;
Applications and Software;
Intellectual Property;
Business Strategy;
Information Technology Industry
Nolan, Richard L., and Robert D. Austin. "Novell: CEO-led Turnaround and Growth Strategy." Harvard Business School Case 605-004, July 2004. (Revised September 2004.)
Karim R. Lakhani
Karim R. Lakhani is the Dorothy & Michael Hintze Professor of Business Administration at the Harvard Business School. He specializes in technology management, innovation, digital transformation and artificial... View Details
- 15 Dec 2006
- Working Paper Summaries
The Business of Free Software: Enterprise Incentives, Investment, and Motivation in the Open Source Community
Frank Nagle
Frank Nagle is an assistant professor in the Strategy Unit at Harvard Business School. Professor Nagle studies how competitors can collaborate on the creation of core technologies, while still competing on the products and services built on top of them. His research... View Details