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All HBS Web
(914)
- Faculty Publications (161)
- 2021
- Working Paper
Gastrointestinal Endoscopy: Case Histories of Significant Medical Advances
By: Amar Bhidé, Srikant M. Datar and Katherine Stebbins
We describe how endoscopy transformed the diagnosis of ulcers, cancerous polyps and other diseases of the alimentary canal and enabled “minimally invasive” surgeries to treat such diseases. Specifically, we chronicle how: 1) flexible glass fiber instruments in the...
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Keywords:
Health Care and Treatment;
Technological Innovation;
Innovation Strategy;
Technology Adoption;
Collaborative Innovation and Invention;
Innovation and Invention;
Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms
Bhidé, Amar, Srikant M. Datar, and Katherine Stebbins. "Gastrointestinal Endoscopy: Case Histories of Significant Medical Advances." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 20-005, July 2019. (Revised May 2021.)
- 2021
- Working Paper
HIV Tests and AIDS Treatments: Case Histories of Significant Medical Advances
By: Amar Bhidé, Srikant M. Datar and Katherine Stebbins
We describe how a diverse cast of characters including public health organizations, research laboratories, for-profit health care companies, activists and regulators, rolled back the outbreak of HIV/AIDS in just fifteen years. Moreover, as the case history shows, a...
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Keywords:
Health Care and Treatment;
Technological Innovation;
Innovation Strategy;
Technology Adoption;
Collaborative Innovation and Invention;
Innovation and Invention;
Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms
Bhidé, Amar, Srikant M. Datar, and Katherine Stebbins. "HIV Tests and AIDS Treatments: Case Histories of Significant Medical Advances." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 20-007, July 2019. (Revised May 2021.)
- 2021
- Working Paper
Laparoscopy: Case Histories of Significant Medical Advances
By: Amar Bhidé, Caitlin N. Bowler and Srikant M. Datar
We describe how operations through laparoscopes—tubular instruments inserted into abdominal cavities—revolutionized gynecological and other surgeries inside the abdomen such as gall bladder removal. Specifically, we chronicle the: 1) foundational technologies and...
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Keywords:
Health Care and Treatment;
Technological Innovation;
Innovation Strategy;
Technology Adoption;
Collaborative Innovation and Invention;
Innovation and Invention;
Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms
Bhidé, Amar, Caitlin N. Bowler, and Srikant M. Datar. "Laparoscopy: Case Histories of Significant Medical Advances." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 20-008, July 2019. (Revised May 2021.)
- 2021
- Working Paper
Magnetic Resonance Imaging: Case Histories of Significant Medical Advances
By: Srikant M. Datar, Amar Bhidé and Katherine Stebbins
We describe how and why Magnetic Resource Imaging (MRI) came to complement – and partially replace -- computed tomography (CT) imaging of soft tissue. Specifically we chronicle: 1) the development of foundational techniques and prototypes (through the 1970s); 2)...
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Keywords:
Health Care and Treatment;
Technological Innovation;
Innovation Strategy;
Technology Adoption;
Collaborative Innovation and Invention;
Innovation and Invention;
Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms
Datar, Srikant M., Amar Bhidé, and Katherine Stebbins. "Magnetic Resonance Imaging: Case Histories of Significant Medical Advances." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 20-001, July 2019. (Revised June 2021.)
- 2021
- Working Paper
Mammography: Case Histories of Significant Medical Advances
By: Amar Bhidé, Srikant M. Datar and Katherine Stebbins
We describe how the development of x-ray-based techniques and equipment (“mammography”) lead to widespread screening for breast cancer and enabled “minimally invasive” biopsies of breast tumors. Specifically, we chronicle how: 1) the protocols and equipment, developed...
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Keywords:
Health Care and Treatment;
Technological Innovation;
Innovation Strategy;
Technology Adoption;
Collaborative Innovation and Invention;
Innovation and Invention;
Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms
Bhidé, Amar, Srikant M. Datar, and Katherine Stebbins. "Mammography: Case Histories of Significant Medical Advances." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 20-002, July 2019. (Revised May 2021.)
- 2021
- Working Paper
Who Do We Invent for? Patents by Women Focus More on Women's Health, but Few Women Get to Invent
By: Rembrand Koning, Sampsa Samila and John-Paul Ferguson
Has the increase in female medical researchers led to more medical advances for women? In this paper, we investigate if the gender of inventors shapes their types of inventions. Using data on the universe of U.S. biomedical patents, we find that patents with women...
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Keywords:
Innovation;
Biomedical Research;
Innovation and Invention;
Diversity;
Gender;
Research;
Health;
United States
Koning, Rembrand, Sampsa Samila, and John-Paul Ferguson. "Who Do We Invent for? Patents by Women Focus More on Women's Health, but Few Women Get to Invent." Working Paper. (Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 19-124, June 2019; SSRN Working Paper Series, No. 3401889, June 2019.)
- 2019
- Working Paper
Who Drives Digital Innovation? Evidence from the U.S. Medical Device Industry
By: Cirrus Foroughi and Ariel Dora Stern
Does the large-scale technological change that is characteristic of an industry-wide digital transformation entrench industry leaders or enable the rise of new entrants? We offer a novel approach to this question by studying the medical device industry, a unique...
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Keywords:
Innovation;
Medical Devices;
Digitization;
Medical Technology;
Technological Innovation;
Applications and Software;
Market Entry and Exit;
Industry Growth;
Medical Devices and Supplies Industry;
United States
Foroughi, Cirrus, and Ariel Dora Stern. "Who Drives Digital Innovation? Evidence from the U.S. Medical Device Industry." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 19-120, June 2019.
- April 2019
- Article
Incentives for Public Goods Inside Organizations: Field Experimental Evidence
By: Andrea Blasco, Olivia S. Jung, Karim R. Lakhani and Michael Menietti
Understanding why employees go the extra mile at work is a key problem for many organizations. We conduct a field experiment at a medical organization to study motivations for employees to submit project proposals for organizational improvement. In total, we analyze...
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Keywords:
Field Experiment;
Innovation;
Contest;
Incentives;
Free-rider Problem;
Healthcare Organizations;
Employees;
Motivation and Incentives;
Innovation and Invention;
Organizations;
Performance Improvement;
Perspective
Blasco, Andrea, Olivia S. Jung, Karim R. Lakhani, and Michael Menietti. "Incentives for Public Goods Inside Organizations: Field Experimental Evidence." Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization 160 (April 2019): 214–229.
- March 2019 (Revised April 2021)
- Case
The DivaCup: Navigating Distribution and Growth
By: Ayelet Israeli
When the mother-daughter founders of DivaCup set out with a mission to disrupt the menstrual care industry with an innovative product form, they initially struggled to gain legitimacy and convince retailers to carry their unique product. Fifteen years later, the...
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Keywords:
Female;
Female Ceo;
Female Entrepreneur;
Female Protagonist;
Health & Wellness;
Healthcare;
Price Policies;
Minimum Advertised Price;
Differentiation;
Positioning;
Growth;
Health;
Health Care and Treatment;
Price;
Disruption;
Distribution;
Distribution Channels;
Competitive Strategy;
Competition;
Growth Management;
Mission and Purpose;
Product Development;
Product Marketing;
Product Launch;
Product Positioning;
Advertising;
Business Startups;
Internet and the Web;
Entrepreneurship;
Social Entrepreneurship;
Social Issues;
Social Enterprise;
Medical Devices and Supplies Industry;
Medical Devices and Supplies Industry;
Medical Devices and Supplies Industry;
Medical Devices and Supplies Industry;
Medical Devices and Supplies Industry;
Medical Devices and Supplies Industry;
Medical Devices and Supplies Industry;
Medical Devices and Supplies Industry;
Canada;
United States;
United Kingdom
Israeli, Ayelet. "The DivaCup: Navigating Distribution and Growth." Harvard Business School Case 519-055, March 2019. (Revised April 2021.)
- 2020
- Working Paper
Pioneer (Dis-)advantages in Markets for Technology
By: Moritz Fischer, Joachim Henkel and Ariel Dora Stern
This study sheds new light on first- and early-mover advantages in the context of product innovation. Research on this classic topic often assumes that each firm participates in the entirety of the innovation and commercialization process. However, a division of labor...
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Keywords:
First-mover Advantage;
Product;
Innovation Strategy;
Market Entry and Exit;
Acquisition;
Technology
Fischer, Moritz, Joachim Henkel, and Ariel Dora Stern. "Pioneer (Dis-)advantages in Markets for Technology." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 19-043, October 2018. (Revised March 2020.)
- 2022
- Working Paper
Responding Strategically to Competitors' Failures: Evidence from Medical Device Recalls & New Product Submissions
By: George P. Ball, Jeffrey T. Macher and Ariel Dora Stern
Medical device firms operate at the frontiers of innovation. When functioning properly, innovative medical devices can prolong and improve lives; when malfunctioning, the same devices may harm patients and lead to product recalls. Product recalls create significant...
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Keywords:
New Product Development;
Recalls;
Product Failures;
Medical Devices;
FDA;
Health Care;
Product Development;
Product;
Failure;
Competition;
Opportunities;
Medical Devices and Supplies Industry
Ball, George P., Jeffrey T. Macher, and Ariel Dora Stern. "Responding Strategically to Competitors' Failures: Evidence from Medical Device Recalls & New Product Submissions." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 19-028, September 2018. (Revised March 2022.)
- September 2018
- Article
An Exploratory Study of Product Development in Emerging Economies: Evidence from Medical Device Testing in India
By: Budhaditya Gupta and Stefan Thomke
Recent research has studied innovation in emerging economies. However, microlevel product development processes in these economies are relatively unexplored, and the mechanisms by which the emerging economy context might affect such processes are still unclear. In this...
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Keywords:
India;
Product Development;
Emerging Markets;
Situation or Environment;
Medical Devices and Supplies Industry;
India
Gupta, Budhaditya, and Stefan Thomke. "An Exploratory Study of Product Development in Emerging Economies: Evidence from Medical Device Testing in India." R&D Management 48, no. 4 (September 2018): 485–501.
- July–August 2018
- Article
When Technology Gets Ahead of Society
By: Tarun Khanna
New technologies can be unsettling for industry incumbents, regulators, and consumers, because norms and institutions for dealing with them don’t yet exist. Interestingly, businesspeople in emerging economies face similar challenges: The rules are unclear and...
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Keywords:
Technological Innovation;
Society;
Situation or Environment;
Infrastructure;
Entrepreneurship;
Performance Effectiveness;
Cooperation
Khanna, Tarun. "When Technology Gets Ahead of Society." Harvard Business Review 96, no. 4 (July–August 2018): 86–95.
- January 2018
- Article
The Central and Unacknowledged Role of the U.S. Food and Drug Administration in the Design and Execution of Medical Device Pivotal Trials
By: Aaron V. Kaplan and Ariel D. Stern
The introduction of new medical devices has transformed cardiovascular care in recent decades. Devices, such as heart valves, pacemakers, stents, ventricular assist devices, and implantable defibrillators, have prolonged and improved the quality of life for millions of...
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Keywords:
Health Testing and Trials;
Business and Government Relations;
Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms;
Information Publishing;
Medical Devices and Supplies Industry;
United States
Kaplan, Aaron V., and Ariel D. Stern. "The Central and Unacknowledged Role of the U.S. Food and Drug Administration in the Design and Execution of Medical Device Pivotal Trials." JAMA Cardiology 3, no. 1 (January 2018): 5–6.
- Article
A Field Experiment on Search Costs and the Formation of Scientific Collaborations
By: Kevin Boudreau, Tom Brady, Ina Ganguli, Patrick Gaule, Eva C. Guinan, Anthony Hollenberg and Karim R. Lakhani
We present the results of a field experiment conducted at Harvard Medical School to understand the extent to which search costs affect matching among scientific collaborators. We generated exogenous variation in search costs for pairs of potential collaborators by...
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Keywords:
Search Costs;
Cost;
Marketplace Matching;
Groups and Teams;
Science;
Collaborative Innovation and Invention
Boudreau, Kevin, Tom Brady, Ina Ganguli, Patrick Gaule, Eva C. Guinan, Anthony Hollenberg, and Karim R. Lakhani. "A Field Experiment on Search Costs and the Formation of Scientific Collaborations." Review of Economics and Statistics 99, no. 4 (October 2017): 565–576.
- August 2017
- Case
RoboTech: Storming into the U.S. Market
By: Christopher A. Bartlett, Rachel Gordon and John J. Lafkas
This case describes the challenges facing the CEO of a small, Singapore-based industrial robotics company that decides to diversify away from its core industrial robot business by leveraging its expertise into the medical-devices industry. It launches an innovative...
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Keywords:
Market Entry and Exit;
Diversification;
Product Launch;
Competitive Strategy;
Globalized Firms and Management;
Medical Devices and Supplies Industry;
Medical Devices and Supplies Industry;
Singapore;
United States
Bartlett, Christopher A., Rachel Gordon, and John J. Lafkas. "RoboTech: Storming into the U.S. Market." Harvard Business School Brief Case 918-501, August 2017.
- 2017
- Working Paper
Tort Reform and Innovation
By: Alberto Galasso and Hong Luo
Current academic and policy debates focus on the impact of tort reforms on physicians’ behavior and medical costs. This paper examines whether these reforms also affect incentives to develop new technologies. We develop a theoretical model which predicts that the...
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Keywords:
Lawsuits and Litigation;
Laws and Statutes;
Innovation and Invention;
Medical Devices and Supplies Industry
Galasso, Alberto, and Hong Luo. "Tort Reform and Innovation." Working Paper, August 2017. (Accepted for publication in Journal of Law and Economics.)
- August 2017
- Article
Tort Reform and Innovation
By: Alberto Galasso and Hong Luo
Current academic and policy debates focus on the impact of tort reforms on physicians’ behavior and medical costs. This paper examines whether these reforms also affect incentives to develop new technologies. We develop a theoretical model that predicts that the impact...
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Keywords:
Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms;
Health Care and Treatment;
Technological Innovation;
Legal Liability;
Medical Devices and Supplies Industry
Galasso, Alberto, and Hong Luo. "Tort Reform and Innovation." Journal of Law & Economics 60, no. 3 (August 2017): 385–412.
- July 2017 (Revised October 2017)
- Supplement
Becton Dickinson: Innovation and Growth (B)
By: Raffaella Sadun, Michael Beer and James Weber
This (B) case supplements the (A) case by providing additional information and updates through early 2016.
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Keywords:
Transformation;
Change Management;
Innovation Leadership;
Mergers and Acquisitions;
Organizational Change and Adaptation;
Organizational Culture;
Organizational Design;
Strategy;
Medical Devices and Supplies Industry;
Medical Devices and Supplies Industry;
Medical Devices and Supplies Industry;
United States
Sadun, Raffaella, Michael Beer, and James Weber. "Becton Dickinson: Innovation and Growth (B)." Harvard Business School Supplement 717-504, July 2017. (Revised October 2017.)
- June 2017 (Revised October 2017)
- Case
Becton Dickinson: Innovation and Growth (A)
By: Raffaella Sadun, Michael Beer and James Weber
In late 2015, CEO Vince Forlenza was reviewing Becton Dickinson’s transformation efforts designed to enable the company to innovate and grow in a changing environment. Becton Dickinson had been a successful medical device company for over 100 years. In recent years,...
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Keywords:
Transformation;
Change Management;
Innovation Leadership;
Mergers and Acquisitions;
Organizational Change and Adaptation;
Organizational Culture;
Organizational Design;
Strategy;
Growth and Development Strategy;
Medical Devices and Supplies Industry;
Medical Devices and Supplies Industry;
Medical Devices and Supplies Industry;
United States
Sadun, Raffaella, Michael Beer, and James Weber. "Becton Dickinson: Innovation and Growth (A)." Harvard Business School Case 717-419, June 2017. (Revised October 2017.)