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      Motivation and Incentives Remove Motivation and Incentives →

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      • September 2023
      • Article

      A Pull versus Push Framework for Reputation

      By: Jillian J. Jordan
      Reputation is a powerful driver of human behavior. Reputation systems incentivize 'actors' to take reputation-enhancing actions, and 'evaluators' to reward actors with positive reputations by preferentially cooperating with them. This article proposes a reputation...  View Details
      Keywords: Reputation; Behavior; Game Theory
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      Jordan, Jillian J. "A Pull versus Push Framework for Reputation." Trends in Cognitive Sciences 27, no. 9 (September 2023): 852–866.
      • September 2023
      • Article

      Corporate Purpose in Public and Private Firms

      By: Claudine Gartenberg and George Serafeim
      Analyzing data from approximately 1.5 million employees across 1,108 established public and private US companies, we find that the strength of employee beliefs related to purpose is weaker in public companies. Among public companies, those beliefs are stronger for...  View Details
      Keywords: Purpose; Corporate Purpose; Culture; Corporate Culture; Public And Private Organizations; Hedge Fund; Executive Pay; Corporate Governance; Corporate Strategy; Organizational Culture; Mission and Purpose; Employees; Attitudes; Executive Compensation; Ownership
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      Gartenberg, Claudine, and George Serafeim. "Corporate Purpose in Public and Private Firms." Management Science 69, no. 9 (September 2023): 5087–5111.
      • 2023
      • Working Paper

      Incentivizing Innovation in Open Source: Evidence from the GitHub Sponsors Program

      By: Annamaria Conti, Vansh Gupta, Jorge Guzman and Maria P. Roche
      Open source is key to innovation, but we know little about how to incentivize it. In this paper, we examine the impact of a program providing monetary incentives to motivate innovators to contribute to open source. The Sponsors program was introduced by GitHub in...  View Details
      Keywords: Open Source Distribution; Innovation and Invention; Motivation and Incentives; Technology Industry
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      Conti, Annamaria, Vansh Gupta, Jorge Guzman, and Maria P. Roche. "Incentivizing Innovation in Open Source: Evidence from the GitHub Sponsors Program." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 24-014, September 2023. (NBER Working Paper Series, No. 31668, September 2023.)
      • September–October 2023
      • Article

      The New Era of Industrial Policy Is Here

      By: Willy C. Shih
      Governments around the world are increasingly intervening in the private sector through industrial policies designed to help domestic sectors reach goals that markets alone are unlikely to achieve. Companies in targeted sectors—such as automakers, energy companies, and...  View Details
      Keywords: Policy; Government and Politics; Business and Government Relations; Research and Development; Economic Sectors
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      Shih, Willy C. "The New Era of Industrial Policy Is Here." Harvard Business Review 101, no. 5 (September–October 2023): 66–75.
      • August 2023
      • Supplement

      Arla Foods: Data-Driven Decarbonization (A)

      By: Michael Parzen, Michael W. Toffel, Amram Migdal and Susan Pinckney
      Arla implemented a data based price incentive systems to measure, track, and influence climate friendly changes to reduce CO2 emissions across the world’s fourth largest dairy cooperative.  View Details
      Keywords: Dairy Industry; Business Earnings; Earnings Management; Environmental Accounting; Agribusiness; Animal-Based Agribusiness; Acquisition; Mergers and Acquisitions; Decision Making; Decisions; Voting; Environmental Management; Climate Change; Environmental Regulation; Environmental Sustainability; Green Technology; Pollution; Moral Sensibility; Values and Beliefs; Financial Strategy; Price; Profit; Revenue; Food; Geopolitical Units; Global Strategy; Ownership Type; Cooperative Ownership; Performance Efficiency; Performance Evaluation; Problems and Challenges; Natural Environment; Science-Based Business; Business Strategy; Commercialization; Cooperation; Corporate Strategy; Food and Beverage Industry; Europe; United Kingdom; European Union; Germany; Denmark; Sweden; Luxembourg; Belgium
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      Parzen, Michael, Michael W. Toffel, Amram Migdal, and Susan Pinckney. "Arla Foods: Data-Driven Decarbonization (A)." Harvard Business School Spreadsheet Supplement 624-031, August 2023.
      • August 2023
      • Case

      Arla Foods: Data-Driven Decarbonization (A)

      By: Michael Parzen, Michael W. Toffel, Susan Pinckney and Amram Migdal
      Arla implemented a data based price incentive systems to measure, track, and influence climate friendly changes to reduce CO2 emissions across the world’s fourth largest dairy cooperative.  View Details
      Keywords: Dairy Industry; Business Earnings; Agribusiness; Animal-Based Agribusiness; Acquisition; Mergers and Acquisitions; Decision Making; Decisions; Voting; Environmental Management; Climate Change; Environmental Regulation; Environmental Sustainability; Green Technology; Pollution; Moral Sensibility; Values and Beliefs; Financial Strategy; Price; Profit; Revenue; Food; Geopolitical Units; Global Strategy; Ownership Type; Cooperative Ownership; Performance Efficiency; Performance Evaluation; Problems and Challenges; Natural Environment; Science-Based Business; Business Strategy; Commercialization; Cooperation; Corporate Strategy; Food and Beverage Industry; Europe; United Kingdom; European Union; Germany; Denmark; Sweden; Luxembourg; Belgium
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      Parzen, Michael, Michael W. Toffel, Susan Pinckney, and Amram Migdal. "Arla Foods: Data-Driven Decarbonization (A)." Harvard Business School Case 624-003, August 2023.
      • August 2023
      • Case

      Toby Norman: Is Passion Enough for Simprints to Thrive?

      By: Jon M. Jachimowicz, Amram Migdal and Max Hancock
      As co-founder and CEO of Simprints—a social enterprise with the mission to “transform the way the world fights poverty"—Toby Norman was at a crossroads. His organization had developed ground-breaking technology used to verify aid delivery, reached more than 2.5 million...  View Details
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      Jachimowicz, Jon M., Amram Migdal, and Max Hancock. "Toby Norman: Is Passion Enough for Simprints to Thrive?" Harvard Business School Case 424-015, August 2023.
      • August 2023
      • Technical Note

      Two Ways of Pursuing a Calling

      By: Leslie Perlow and Hannah Weisman
      Work can be a means to a financial end, a stepping stone to higher-level jobs, or a meaningful end in itself: a calling. The technical note provides an overview of two different ways people can pursue a calling: with an internal focus or external focus.  View Details
      Keywords: Personal Development and Career; Job Search; Job Design and Levels; Happiness; Identity; Well-being; Motivation and Incentives; Human Needs; Satisfaction; Mission and Purpose; Motion Pictures and Video Industry; Motion Pictures and Video Industry; Motion Pictures and Video Industry; Motion Pictures and Video Industry; Motion Pictures and Video Industry
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      Perlow, Leslie, and Hannah Weisman. "Two Ways of Pursuing a Calling." Harvard Business School Technical Note 424-023, August 2023.
      • August 2023
      • Background Note

      Pricing and Customer Psychology

      By: Elie Ofek
      This note provides an overview of how psychological principles may be used as part of a seller’s pricing strategy. The note defines the concept of psychological pricing and explains the motivations for firms to engage in it. Prominent practices and tactics, with...  View Details
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      Ofek, Elie. "Pricing and Customer Psychology." Harvard Business School Background Note 524-019, August 2023.
      • August 2023
      • Article

      Anti-Corruption, Government Subsidies, and Innovation: Evidence from China

      By: Lily Fang, Josh Lerner, Chaopeng Wu and Qi Zhang
      We leverage an exogenous shock—the crackdown on corrupt Chinese officials beginning in 2012—and examine how the allocation of research subsidies and innovative outcomes were affected. We argue that the staggered removal of provincial heads on corruption charges during...  View Details
      Keywords: Government Subsidies; Research and Development; Innovation and Invention; Crime and Corruption; Government and Politics; China
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      Fang, Lily, Josh Lerner, Chaopeng Wu, and Qi Zhang. "Anti-Corruption, Government Subsidies, and Innovation: Evidence from China." Management Science 69, no. 8 (August 2023): 4363–4388.
      • July 2023
      • Article

      Marketplace Scalability and Strategic Use of Platform Investment

      By: Jin Li, Gary Pisano, Richard Xu and Feng Zhu
      The scalability of a marketplace depends on the operations of the marketplace platform as well as its sellers’ capacities. In this study, we explore one strategy that a marketplace platform can use to enhance its scalability: providing an ancillary service to sellers....  View Details
      Keywords: Two-sided Platforms; Services; Digital Platforms
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      Li, Jin, Gary Pisano, Richard Xu, and Feng Zhu. "Marketplace Scalability and Strategic Use of Platform Investment." Management Science 69, no. 7 (July 2023): 3958–3975.
      • June 2023
      • Supplement

      Roche: ESG and Access to Healthcare

      By: George Serafeim
      In May 2022, Roche Group, one of the largest healthcare companies in the world, hosted its first ESG investor event focused exclusively on its efforts to impact access to healthcare. While Roche had recently set an ambitious goal to double the number of patients that...  View Details
      Keywords: ESG (Environmental, Social, Governance) Performance; Sustainable Finance; Growth Strategy And Execution; Sustainability Targets; Impact Evaluation; Healthcare Access; Healthcare Innovation; Healthcare Systems; Healthcare Operations; Finance; Strategy; Health Testing and Trials; Health Care and Treatment; Growth Management; Measurement and Metrics; Innovation Strategy; Corporate Social Responsibility and Impact; Health Industry; Pharmaceutical Industry; Switzerland; North America; Europe; Asia; Latin America; Africa
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      Serafeim, George. "Roche: ESG and Access to Healthcare." Harvard Business School Multimedia/Video Supplement 123-713, June 2023.
      • 2023
      • Working Paper

      Second- versus Third-party Audit Quality: Evidence from Global Supply Chain Monitoring

      By: Maria R. Ibanez, Ashley Palmarozzo, Jodi L. Short and Michael W. Toffel
      To capitalize on the superior credibility and flexibility and lower cost of external assessments, many global buyers are shifting from using their own employee (“second-party”) auditors to relying more heavily (or entirely) on third-party auditors to monitor and...  View Details
      Keywords: Auditing; Audit Quality; Working Conditions; Sustainability; Empirical Operations; Empirical Service Operations; Sustainability Management; Corporate Accountability; Agency Theory; Corporate Social Responsibility and Impact; Supply Chain Management
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      Ibanez, Maria R., Ashley Palmarozzo, Jodi L. Short, and Michael W. Toffel. "Second- versus Third-party Audit Quality: Evidence from Global Supply Chain Monitoring." Working Paper, June 2023.
      • June 14, 2023
      • Article

      Research: Your Love for Work May Alienate Your Colleagues

      By: Mijeong Kwon, Julia Lee Cunningham and Jon M. Jachimowicz
      Research shows that employees who are passionate about their work are more productive, innovative, and collaborative. New research suggests that these employees also see passion for work as a moral imperative, and they’re more likely to judge colleagues who are...  View Details
      Keywords: Employees; Motivation and Incentives
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      Kwon, Mijeong, Julia Lee Cunningham, and Jon M. Jachimowicz. "Research: Your Love for Work May Alienate Your Colleagues." Harvard Business Review (website) (June 14, 2023).
      • 2023
      • Working Paper

      Location-Specificity and Geographic Competition for Remote Workers

      By: Thomaz Teodorovicz, Prithwiraj Choudhury and Evan Starr
      The precipitous growth of remote work has given rise to a new phenomenon: geographic competition between localities for the physical presence of remote workers. Remote workers with high general human capital may create value for their new destinations and reverse net...  View Details
      Keywords: Remote Work; Human Capital; Geographic Location; Civil Society or Community; Motivation and Incentives
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      Teodorovicz, Thomaz, Prithwiraj Choudhury, and Evan Starr. "Location-Specificity and Geographic Competition for Remote Workers." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 23-071, May 2023.
      • June 2023
      • Case

      Chipmaking in the Desert: Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company’s Global Expansion

      By: William C. Kirby and Noah B. Truwit
      On December 6, 2022, in Phoenix, Arizona, Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company (TSMC) Executive Chairman Mark Liu outlined the company’s ambitious plans to invest $40 billion to build semiconductor manufacturing plants in Phoenix. The event also celebrated the...  View Details
      Keywords: Geopolitical Units; Government and Politics; Government Legislation; Expansion; Market Entry and Exit; Semiconductor Industry; Taiwan; United States
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      Kirby, William C., and Noah B. Truwit. "Chipmaking in the Desert: Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company’s Global Expansion." Harvard Business School Case 323-101, June 2023.
      • 2023
      • Chapter

      Economic Globalization and Populism in Latin America and Beyond

      By: Paula Rettl
      Both populism and economic globalization have been on the rise in the last decades, motivating increasing scholarly attention to the phenomena and their relationship (see Rodrik 2021 for a recent review). However, the relationship between populism and economic...  View Details
      Keywords: Populism; Economic Globalization; Latin America; Economy; Macroeconomics; Economics; Globalized Economies and Regions; Globalization; Political Elections; Government and Politics; Finance; Geographic Location; Latin America
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      Rettl, Paula. "Economic Globalization and Populism in Latin America and Beyond." Chap. 5 in Right-Wing Populism in Latin America and Beyond, edited by Anthony W. Pereira, 1967–1987. Routledge, 2023.
      • May 2023
      • Technical Note

      Dynamic Pricing: Timing is Everything

      By: Elie Ofek
      This note provides a comprehensive exposition to the topic of dynamic pricing (whereby the fee customers are charged is time-dependent). It covers the motivation for firms to engage in dynamic pricing, provides a typology of the main formats dynamic pricing can take,...  View Details
      Keywords: Dynamic Pricing; Price
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      Ofek, Elie. "Dynamic Pricing: Timing is Everything." Harvard Business School Technical Note 523-110, May 2023.
      • 2023
      • Working Paper

      El Dorado Lost: Local Elites, Real Estate and the Education Business in China

      By: Geoffrey Jones and Yuhai Wu
      This working paper examines the evolving, complex and multifaceted relationship between the real estate industry and the education sector in China. The current crises in the private education and real estate sectors caused by policy shifts reflect the inter-meshing of...  View Details
      Keywords: Business and Government Relations; Policy; Government and Politics; Economic Sectors; Education Industry; Real Estate Industry; China
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      Jones, Geoffrey, and Yuhai Wu. "El Dorado Lost: Local Elites, Real Estate and the Education Business in China." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 23-065, May 2023.
      • May 2023
      • Article

      A Public Health Approach to Negative News Media: The 3-to-1 Solution

      By: Tyler VanderWeele and Arthur C. Brooks
      There is clear evidence that the prevalence of negative media reporting has increased substantially over the past years. There is evidence also that this negative reporting adversely affects social interactions, as well as health and well-being outcomes. Given the wide...  View Details
      Keywords: News; Social Networks; Contagion; Population Health; Media; Health; Welfare; Organizational Change and Adaptation; Journalism and News Industry
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      VanderWeele, Tyler, and Arthur C. Brooks. "A Public Health Approach to Negative News Media: The 3-to-1 Solution." American Journal of Health Promotion 37, no. 4 (May 2023): 447–449.
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