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    • Faculty Publications  (26)

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    • All HBS Web  (189)
      • Faculty Publications  (26)

      Negative Emotions Remove Negative Emotions →

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      • December 2021
      • Article

      Left- and Right-Leaning News Organizations Use Negative Emotional Content and Elicit User Engagement Similarly

      By: Andrea Bellovary, Nathaniel Young and Amit Goldenberg
      Negativity has historically dominated news content; however, little research has examined how news organizations use affect on social media, where content is generally positive. In the current project we ask a few questions: Do news organizations on Twitter use...  View Details
      Keywords: Negative Press; Twitter; Political Affiliation; Affect; News; Media; Internet and the Web; Emotions; Perspective; Social Media
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      Bellovary, Andrea, Nathaniel Young, and Amit Goldenberg. "Left- and Right-Leaning News Organizations Use Negative Emotional Content and Elicit User Engagement Similarly." Affective Science 2, no. 4 (December 2021): 391–396.
      • December 2021
      • Article

      Negativity Spreads More Than Positivity on Twitter after Both Positive and Negative Political Situations

      By: Jonas Paul Schöne, Brian Parkinson and Amit Goldenberg
      What type of emotional language spreads further in political discourses on social media? Previous research has focused on situations that primarily elicited negative emotions, showing that negative language tended to spread further. The current project extends existing...  View Details
      Keywords: Negative Emotions; Emotional Influence; Emotional Resonance; Political Discourse; Emotion Contagion; Intergroup; Interactive Communication; Emotions; Government and Politics; Social Media
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      Schöne, Jonas Paul, Brian Parkinson, and Amit Goldenberg. "Negativity Spreads More Than Positivity on Twitter after Both Positive and Negative Political Situations." Affective Science 2, no. 4 (December 2021): 379–390.
      • Article

      A Multi-country Test of Brief Reappraisal Interventions on Emotions During the COVID-19 Pandemic

      By: Ke Wang, Amit Goldenberg, Charles Dorison, Jeremy Miller, Jennifer Lerner and James Gross
      The COVID-19 pandemic is increasing negative emotions and decreasing positive emotions globally. Left unchecked, these emotional changes may have a wide array of adverse impacts. To reduce negative emotions and increase positive emotions, we will examine the impact of...  View Details
      Keywords: COVID-19; Emotion Regulation; Reappraisal; Interventions; Health Pandemics; Emotions; Global Range
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      Wang, Ke, Amit Goldenberg, Charles Dorison, Jeremy Miller, Jennifer Lerner, and James Gross. "A Multi-country Test of Brief Reappraisal Interventions on Emotions During the COVID-19 Pandemic." Nature Human Behaviour 5, no. 8 (August 2021): 1089–1110.
      • Article

      Emotional Acknowledgment: How Verbalizing Others' Emotions Fosters Interpersonal Trust

      By: Alisa Yu, Justin M. Berg and Julian Zlatev
      People often respond to others’ emotions using verbal acknowledgment (e.g., “You seem upset”). Yet, little is known about the relational benefits and risks of acknowledging others’ emotions in the workplace. We draw upon Costly Signaling Theory to posit how emotional...  View Details
      Keywords: Emotion; Costly Signaling; Interpersonal Trust; Emotional Valence; Interpersonal Relationships; Empathic Accuracy; Emotions; Relationships; Trust; Interpersonal Communication
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      Yu, Alisa, Justin M. Berg, and Julian Zlatev. "Emotional Acknowledgment: How Verbalizing Others' Emotions Fosters Interpersonal Trust." Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes 164 (May 2021): 116–135.
      • Article

      Joy and Rigor in Behavioral Science

      By: Hanne K. Collins, Ashley V. Whillans and Leslie K. John
      In the past decade, behavioral science has seen the introduction of beneficial reforms to reduce false positive results. Serving as the motivational backdrop for the present research, we wondered whether these reforms might have unintended negative consequences on...  View Details
      Keywords: Open Science; Pre-registration; Exploration; Confirmation; False Positives; Career Satisfaction; Science; Research; Personal Development and Career; Satisfaction; Diversity
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      Collins, Hanne K., Ashley V. Whillans, and Leslie K. John. "Joy and Rigor in Behavioral Science." Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes 164 (May 2021): 179–191.
      • November 30, 2020
      • Editorial

      Don’t Focus on the Most Expressive Face in the Audience

      By: Amit Goldenberg and Erika Weisz
      Research has shown that when speaking in front of a group, people’s attention tends to gets stuck on the most emotional faces, causing them to overestimate the group’s average emotional state. In this piece, the authors share two additional findings: First, the larger...  View Details
      Keywords: Emotions; Bias
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      Goldenberg, Amit, and Erika Weisz. "Don’t Focus on the Most Expressive Face in the Audience." Harvard Business Review (website) (November 30, 2020).
      • October 2020
      • Article

      Overcoming Resource Scarcity: Consumers' Response to Gifts Intending to Save Time and Money

      By: Alice Lee-Yoon, Grant Donnelly and A.V. Whillans
      Consumers feel increasingly pressed for time and money. Gifts have the potential to reduce scarcity in recipients’ lives, yet little is known about how recipients perceive gifts given with the intention of saving them time or money. Across four studies (N=1,403), we...  View Details
      Keywords: Scarcity; Status; Time; Gift Giving; Status and Position; Money; Attitudes; Emotions
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      Lee-Yoon, Alice, Grant Donnelly, and A.V. Whillans. "Overcoming Resource Scarcity: Consumers' Response to Gifts Intending to Save Time and Money." Special Issue on Scarcity and Consumer Decision Making. Journal of the Association for Consumer Research 5, no. 4 (October 2020): 391–403.
      • June 18, 2020
      • Article

      How to Build a Life: Sit with Negative Emotions, Don't Push Them Away

      By: Arthur C. Brooks
      If we want a life full of deep meaning, true love, and emotional strength, it’s going to involve the risk (and often the reality) of discomfort, conflict, and loss.  View Details
      Keywords: Emotions; Behavior
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      Brooks, Arthur C. "How to Build a Life: Sit with Negative Emotions, Don't Push Them Away." The Atlantic (June 18, 2020).
      • April 2020
      • Article

      Collective Emotions

      By: Amit Goldenberg, David Garcia, Eran Halperin and James J. Gross
      When analyzing situations in which multiple people are experiencing emotions together—whether the emotions are positive or negative and whether the situations are online or offline—we are intuitively drawn to the emotions of each individual in the situation. However,...  View Details
      Keywords: Emotions; Social Psychology
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      Goldenberg, Amit, David Garcia, Eran Halperin, and James J. Gross. "Collective Emotions." Current Directions in Psychological Science 29, no. 2 (April 2020): 154–160.
      • March 2020
      • Article

      Is This My Group or Not? The Role of Ensemble Coding of Emotional Expressions in Group Categorization

      By: Amit Goldenberg, Timothy D. Sweeny, Emmanuel Shpigel and James J. Gross
      When exposed to others’ emotional responses, people often make rapid decisions as to whether these others are members of their group or not. These group categorization decisions have been shown to be extremely important to understanding group behavior. Yet, despite...  View Details
      Keywords: Categorization; Ensemble Coding; Summary Statistical Perception; Social Cognition; Emotions; Perception; Groups and Teams
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      Goldenberg, Amit, Timothy D. Sweeny, Emmanuel Shpigel, and James J. Gross. "Is This My Group or Not? The Role of Ensemble Coding of Emotional Expressions in Group Categorization." Journal of Experimental Psychology: General 149, no. 3 (March 2020).
      • Article

      Beyond Emotional Similarity: The Role of Situation-specific Motives

      By: Amit Goldenberg, David Garcia, Eran Halperin, Jamil Zaki, Danyang Kong, Golijeh Golarai and James J. Gross
      It is well established that people often express emotions that are similar to those of other group members. However, people do not always express emotions that are similar to other group members, and the factors that determine when similarity occurs are not yet clear....  View Details
      Keywords: Emotion Contagion; Emotional Influence; Motivation; Group Dynamics; Emotions; Situation or Environment; Motivation and Incentives; Behavior
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      Goldenberg, Amit, David Garcia, Eran Halperin, Jamil Zaki, Danyang Kong, Golijeh Golarai, and James J. Gross. "Beyond Emotional Similarity: The Role of Situation-specific Motives." Journal of Experimental Psychology: General 149, no. 1 (January 2020): 138–159.
      • November–December 2019
      • Article

      Head, Heart or Hands: How Do Employees Respond to a Radical Global Language Change Over Time?

      By: Sebastian Reiche and Tsedal Neeley
      To understand how recipients respond to radical change over time across cognitive, affective, and behavioral dimensions, we conducted a longitudinal study of a mandated language change at a Chilean subsidiary of a large U.S. multinational organization. The...  View Details
      Keywords: Language; Communication; Change; Employees; Attitudes; Emotions; Globalized Firms and Management
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      Reiche, Sebastian, and Tsedal Neeley. "Head, Heart or Hands: How Do Employees Respond to a Radical Global Language Change Over Time?" Organization Science 30, no. 6 (November–December 2019): 1252–1269.
      • September 2019
      • Article

      The Interpersonal Costs of Dishonesty: How Dishonest Behavior Reduces Individuals' Ability to Read Others' Emotions

      By: J.J. Lee, H. Hardin, B. Parmar and F. Gino
      In this research, we examine the unintended consequences of dishonest behavior for one’s interpersonal abilities and subsequent ethical behavior. Specifically, we unpack how dishonest conduct can reduce one’s generalized empathic accuracy—the ability to accurately read...  View Details
      Keywords: Dishonesty; Empathy; Ethics; Behavior; Interpersonal Communication; Emotions; Perception
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      Lee, J.J., H. Hardin, B. Parmar, and F. Gino. "The Interpersonal Costs of Dishonesty: How Dishonest Behavior Reduces Individuals' Ability to Read Others' Emotions." Journal of Experimental Psychology: General 148, no. 9 (September 2019): 1557–1574.
      • 2022
      • Working Paper

      Mitigating the Negative Effects of Customer Anxiety Through Access to Human Contact

      By: Michelle A. Shell and Ryan W. Buell
      It is a well-established result in social psychology that when people feel anxious, they seek advice from others. However, increasingly companies that operate in high-anxiety settings (like financial services, health care, and education) are deploying self-service...  View Details
      Keywords: Anxiety; Self-service; Empirical Operations; Behavioral Operations; Customers; Emotions; Service Delivery; Interpersonal Communication; Customer Satisfaction; Trust
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      Shell, Michelle A., and Ryan W. Buell. "Mitigating the Negative Effects of Customer Anxiety Through Access to Human Contact." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 19-089, February 2019. (Revised April 2022.)
      • June 2017
      • Article

      The Surprising Effectiveness of Hostile Mediators

      By: Ting Zhang, Francesca Gino and Michael I. Norton
      Contrary to the tendency of mediators to defuse negative emotions between adversaries by treating them kindly, we demonstrate the surprising effectiveness of hostile mediators in resolving conflict. Hostile mediators generate greater willingness to reach agreements...  View Details
      Keywords: Mediation; Conflict; Negotiation; Hostility; Negotiation Style; Emotions; Conflict and Resolution
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      Zhang, Ting, Francesca Gino, and Michael I. Norton. "The Surprising Effectiveness of Hostile Mediators." Management Science 63, no. 6 (June 2017): 1972–1992.
      • 2017
      • Article

      True Happiness: The Role of Morality in the Concept of Happiness

      By: Jonathan Phillips, Julian De Freitas, Christian Mott, June Gruber and Joshua Knobe
      Recent scientific research has settled on a purely descriptive definition of happiness that is focused solely on agents' psychological states (high positive affect, low negative affect, high life satisfaction). In contrast to this understanding, recent research has...  View Details
      Keywords: Moral Cognition; Happiness; Moral Sensibility; Emotions; Well-being
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      Phillips, Jonathan, Julian De Freitas, Christian Mott, June Gruber, and Joshua Knobe. "True Happiness: The Role of Morality in the Concept of Happiness." Journal of Experimental Psychology: General 146, no. 2 (2017): 165–181.
      • Article

      Managing Perceptions of Distress at Work: Reframing Emotion as Passion

      By: Elizabeth Baily Wolf, Jooa Julia Lee, Sunita Sah and Alison Wood Brooks
      Expressing distress at work can have negative consequences for employees: observers perceive employees who express distress as less competent than employees who do not. Across five experiments, we explore how reframing a socially inappropriate emotional expression...  View Details
      Keywords: Decision Making; Emotions; Perception
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      Wolf, Elizabeth Baily, Jooa Julia Lee, Sunita Sah, and Alison Wood Brooks. "Managing Perceptions of Distress at Work: Reframing Emotion as Passion." Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes 137 (November 2016): 1–12.
      • 2016
      • Article

      Vicarious Contagion Decreases Differentiation—and Comes with Costs

      By: Ovul Sezer and Michael I. Norton
      Baumeister et al. propose that individual differentiation is a crucial determinant of group success. We apply their model to processes lying in between the individual and the group—vicarious processes. We review literature in four domains—attitudes, emotions, moral...  View Details
      Keywords: Moral Sensibility; Behavior; Groups and Teams; Attitudes; Emotions
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      Sezer, Ovul, and Michael I. Norton. "Vicarious Contagion Decreases Differentiation—and Comes with Costs." Behavioral and Brain Sciences 39 (2016): e162.
      • July 2015
      • Article

      The Moral Virtue of Authenticity: How Inauthenticity Produces Feelings of Immorality and Impurity

      By: F. Gino, Maryam Kouchaki and Adam D. Galinsky
      The current research demonstrates that authenticity is directly linked to morality. Across five experiments, we found that experiencing inauthenticity consistently led participants to feel more immoral and impure. This inauthenticity→feeling immoral link produced an...  View Details
      Keywords: Moral Sensibility; Emotions
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      Gino, F., Maryam Kouchaki, and Adam D. Galinsky. "The Moral Virtue of Authenticity: How Inauthenticity Produces Feelings of Immorality and Impurity." Psychological Science 26, no. 7 (July 2015): 983–996.
      • Article

      Guilt Enhances the Sense of Control and Drives Risky Judgments

      By: Maryam Kouchaki, Christopher Oveis and F. Gino
      The present studies investigate the hypothesis that guilt influences risk-taking by enhancing one's sense of control. Across multiple inductions of guilt, we demonstrate that experimentally induced guilt enhances optimism about risks for the self (Study 1), preferences...  View Details
      Keywords: Risk and Uncertainty; Behavior; Emotions
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      Kouchaki, Maryam, Christopher Oveis, and F. Gino. "Guilt Enhances the Sense of Control and Drives Risky Judgments." Journal of Experimental Psychology: General 143, no. 6 (December 2014): 2103–2110.
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