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- June 2022
- Article
Conservatism Gets Funded? A Field Experiment on the Role of Negative Information in Novel Project Evaluation
By: Jacqueline N. Lane, Misha Teplitskiy, Gary Gray, Hardeep Ranu, Michael Menietti, Eva C. Guinan and Karim R. Lakhani
The evaluation and selection of novel projects lies at the heart of scientific and technological innovation, and yet there are persistent concerns about bias, such as conservatism. This paper investigates the role that the format of evaluation, specifically information...
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Keywords:
Project Evaluation;
Innovation;
Knowledge Frontier;
Information Sharing;
Negativity Bias;
Projects;
Innovation and Invention;
Information;
Knowledge Sharing
Lane, Jacqueline N., Misha Teplitskiy, Gary Gray, Hardeep Ranu, Michael Menietti, Eva C. Guinan, and Karim R. Lakhani. "Conservatism Gets Funded? A Field Experiment on the Role of Negative Information in Novel Project Evaluation." Management Science 68, no. 6 (June 2022): 4478–4495.
- 2022
- Working Paper
Human Mobility and the Globalization of Knowledge Production: Causal Evidence from Multinational Enterprises
By: Dany Bahar, Prithwiraj Choudhury, James M. Sappenfield and Sara Signorelli
We investigate how reforms that ease or restrict human mobility affect global innovation. We leverage a unique dataset merging patent data with exhaustive information on business-related migration reforms that take place in 15 countries over 26 years, and employ a...
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Keywords:
Migration;
Technology;
Policy Evaluation;
Patents;
Information Technology;
Immigration;
Policy;
Collaborative Innovation and Invention;
Globalization
Bahar, Dany, Prithwiraj Choudhury, James M. Sappenfield, and Sara Signorelli. "Human Mobility and the Globalization of Knowledge Production: Causal Evidence from Multinational Enterprises." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 22-047, January 2022.
- December 2021
- Article
The Evolutionary Nature of Breakthrough Innovation: An Empirical Investigation of Firm Search Strategies
By: Dominika Kinga Randle and Gary P. Pisano
Breakthrough innovation has been an important topic of study for generations of scholars. Previous research in this domain has focused on exploring the way breakthroughs emerge from cumulative combination and recombination of prior technologies and knowledge components...
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Keywords:
Breakthrough Innovation;
Exploration And Exploitation;
Search Strategy;
Innovation and Invention;
Technological Innovation;
Strategy
Randle, Dominika Kinga, and Gary P. Pisano. "The Evolutionary Nature of Breakthrough Innovation: An Empirical Investigation of Firm Search Strategies." Strategy Science 6, no. 4 (December 2021): 290–304.
- Article
Incorporating Interpretable Output Constraints in Bayesian Neural Networks
By: Wanqian Yang, Lars Lorch, Moritz Graule, Himabindu Lakkaraju and Finale Doshi-Velez
Domains where supervised models are deployed often come with task-specific constraints, such as prior expert knowledge on the ground-truth function, or desiderata like safety and fairness. We introduce a novel probabilistic framework for reasoning with such constraints...
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Yang, Wanqian, Lars Lorch, Moritz Graule, Himabindu Lakkaraju, and Finale Doshi-Velez. "Incorporating Interpretable Output Constraints in Bayesian Neural Networks." Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems (NeurIPS) 33 (2020).
- December 2020
- Article
Taking Innovation to the Streets: Micro-geography, Physical Structure and Innovation
By: Maria P. Roche
In this paper, we analyze how the physical layout of cities affects innovation by influencing the organization of knowledge exchange. We exploit a novel data set covering all Census Block Groups in the contiguous United States with information on innovation outcomes,...
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Keywords:
Microgeography;
Innovation;
Street Infrastructure;
Knowledge Exchange;
Interactions;
Geography;
City;
Innovation and Invention;
Knowledge Sharing
Roche, Maria P. "Taking Innovation to the Streets: Micro-geography, Physical Structure and Innovation." Review of Economics and Statistics 102, no. 5 (December 2020): 912–928.
- 2020
- Working Paper
When Do Experts Listen to Other Experts? The Role of Negative Information in Expert Evaluations for Novel Projects
By: Jacqueline N. Lane, Misha Teplitskiy, Gary Gray, Hardeep Ranu, Michael Menietti, Eva C. Guinan and Karim R. Lakhani
The evaluation of novel projects lies at the heart of scientific and technological innovation, and yet literature suggests that this process is subject to inconsistency and potential biases. This paper investigates the role of information sharing among experts as the...
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Keywords:
Project Evaluation;
Innovation;
Knowledge Frontier;
Negativity Bias;
Projects;
Innovation and Invention;
Information;
Diversity;
Judgments
Lane, Jacqueline N., Misha Teplitskiy, Gary Gray, Hardeep Ranu, Michael Menietti, Eva C. Guinan, and Karim R. Lakhani. "When Do Experts Listen to Other Experts? The Role of Negative Information in Expert Evaluations for Novel Projects." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 21-007, July 2020. (Revised November 2020.)
- 2020
- Working Paper
Collaborating During Coronavirus: The Impact of COVID-19 on the Nature of Work
We explore the impact of COVID-19 on employee's digital communication patterns through an event study of lockdowns in 16 large metropolitan areas in North America, Europe and the Middle East. Using de-identified, aggregated meeting and email meta-data from 3,143,270...
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Keywords:
Nature Of Work;
Collaboration;
COVID-19;
Organizations;
Communication;
Health Pandemics;
North and Central America;
Europe;
Middle East
DeFilippis, Evan, Stephen Michael Impink, Madison Singell, Jeffrey T. Polzer, and Raffaella Sadun. "Collaborating During Coronavirus: The Impact of COVID-19 on the Nature of Work." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 21-006, July 2020.
- May 2020
- Article
Into the Fray: Adaptive Approaches to Studying Novel Teamwork Forms
By: Michaela Kerrissey, Patricia Satterstrom and Amy C. Edmondson
Novel forms of teamwork—created by rapid change and growing diversity among collaborators—are increasingly common, and they present substantial methodological challenges for research. We highlight two aspects of new team forms that challenge conventional methods....
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Keywords:
Team Member Fluidity;
Temporary Teams;
Knowledge Diversity;
Entitativity;
Concordance;
Methods;
Groups and Teams;
Problems and Challenges;
Research
Kerrissey, Michaela, Patricia Satterstrom, and Amy C. Edmondson. "Into the Fray: Adaptive Approaches to Studying Novel Teamwork Forms." Special Issue on The Challenges of Working with "Real" Teams. Organizational Psychology Review 10, no. 2 (May 2020): 62–86.
- Article
A Theories-in-Use Approach to Building Marketing Theory
By: G. Zaltman, Valarie A. Zeithaml, Bernard Jaworski, Ajay K. Kohli, Kapil R. Tuli and Wolfgang Ulaga
This article’s objective is to inspire and provide guidance on the development of marketing knowledge based on the theories-in-use (TIU) approach. The authors begin with a description of the TIU approach and compare it with other inductive and deductive research...
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Keywords:
Building Theory;
Grounded Theory;
Theories-in-use;
Theory Construction;
Theory Development;
Marketing;
Knowledge;
Theory
Zaltman, G., Valarie A. Zeithaml, Bernard Jaworski, Ajay K. Kohli, Kapil R. Tuli, and Wolfgang Ulaga. "A Theories-in-Use Approach to Building Marketing Theory." Journal of Marketing 84, no. 1 (January 2020): 32–51.
- January 2020
- Article
Jack of All Trades and Master of Knowledge: The Role of Diversification in New Distant Knowledge Integration
By: Frank Nagle and Florenta Teodoridis
We consider the role of individual-level diversification as a mechanism through which skilled researchers engage in successful exploration—recognizing and integrating new knowledge external to one’s domains of expertise. To approach an ideal experiment, we (1) employ a...
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Keywords:
Individual-level Knowledge Diversification;
Novel Knowledge;
Knowledge Acquisition;
Diversification;
Innovation and Invention;
Research
Nagle, Frank, and Florenta Teodoridis. "Jack of All Trades and Master of Knowledge: The Role of Diversification in New Distant Knowledge Integration." Strategic Management Journal 41, no. 1 (January 2020): 55–85.
- 2019
- Working Paper
Throwing the Baby Out with the Drinking Water: Unintended Consequences of Arsenic Mitigation Efforts in Bangladesh
By: Nina Buchmann, Erica Field, Rachel Glennerster and Reshmaan Hussam
The 1994 discovery of arsenic in ground water in Bangladesh prompted a massive public health effort to test all tubewells in the country and convince nearly one-quarter of the population to switch to arsenic-free drinking water sources. According to numerous sources,...
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Keywords:
Child Mortality;
Arsenic;
Unintended Consequences;
Health Disorders;
Safety;
Outcome or Result;
Bangladesh
Buchmann, Nina, Erica Field, Rachel Glennerster, and Reshmaan Hussam. "Throwing the Baby Out with the Drinking Water: Unintended Consequences of Arsenic Mitigation Efforts in Bangladesh." NBER Working Paper Series, No. 25729, April 2019.
- 2017
- Working Paper
Knowledge Flows within Multinationals—Estimating Relative Influence of Headquarters and Host Context Using a Gravity Model
By: Prithwiraj Choudhury, Mike Horia Teodorescu and Tarun Khanna
From the perspective of a multinational subsidiary, we employ the classic gravity equation in economics to model and compare knowledge flows to the subsidiary from the MNC headquarters and from the host country context. We also generalize traditional economics gravity...
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- October 2016
- Article
Looking Across and Looking Beyond the Knowledge Frontier: Intellectual Distance and Resource Allocation in Science
By: Kevin J. Boudreau, Eva Guinan, Karim R. Lakhani and Christoph Riedl
Selecting among alternative innovative projects is a core management task in all innovating organizations. In this paper, we focus on the evaluation of frontier scientific research projects. We argue that the "intellectual distance" between the knowledge embodied in...
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Keywords:
Knowledge;
Innovation;
Novelty;
Evaluation;
Resource Allocation;
Decision Choices and Conditions;
Innovation and Management;
Science-Based Business;
Experience and Expertise
Boudreau, Kevin J., Eva Guinan, Karim R. Lakhani, and Christoph Riedl. "Looking Across and Looking Beyond the Knowledge Frontier: Intellectual Distance and Resource Allocation in Science." Management Science 62, no. 10 (October 2016).
- 2017
- Working Paper
A Welfarist Role for Nonwelfarist Rules: An Example with Envy
I propose and formalize an argument for why economists working in the welfarist normative tradition should include nonwelfarist principles in how they judge economic policy. The key idea behind this argument is that the world is too complex, and our ability to model it...
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Weinzierl, Matthew. "A Welfarist Role for Nonwelfarist Rules: An Example with Envy." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 17-021, September 2016. (Revised July 2017.)
- September 2016
- Article
The Effect of Target Difficulty on Target Completion: The Case of Reducing Carbon Emissions
By: Ioannis Ioannou, Shelley Xin Li and George Serafeim
Targets are an integral component of management control systems and play a significant role in achieving desirable performance outcomes. We focus on a key environmental performance objective—reduction of carbon emissions—as a setting in which to examine how target...
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Keywords:
Sustainability;
Target-setting;
Management Accounting;
Management Accounting And Control Systems;
Control Systems;
Sustainable Development;
Environment;
Goals and Objectives;
Climate Change;
Management Systems;
Accounting;
Environmental Sustainability
Ioannou, Ioannis, Shelley Xin Li, and George Serafeim. "The Effect of Target Difficulty on Target Completion: The Case of Reducing Carbon Emissions." Accounting Review 91, no. 5 (September 2016).
- September–October 2015
- Article
Facts and Figuring: An Experimental Investigation of Network Structure and Performance in Information and Solution Spaces
By: Jesse Shore, Ethan Bernstein and David Lazer
Using data from a novel laboratory experiment on complex problem solving in which we varied the structure of 16-person networks, we investigate how an organization's network structure shapes performance of problem-solving tasks. Problem solving, we argue, involves both...
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Keywords:
Networks;
Experiments;
Clustering;
Problem Solving;
Exploration And Exploitation;
Knowledge;
Search;
Collaboration;
Collaboration Structures;
Transparency;
Communication;
Communication Technology;
Information;
Knowledge Use and Leverage;
Organizational Design;
Organizational Structure;
Performance Effectiveness;
Theory;
Information Industry;
Information Technology Industry;
Public Administration Industry;
Technology Industry;
Service Industry
Shore, Jesse, Ethan Bernstein, and David Lazer. "Facts and Figuring: An Experimental Investigation of Network Structure and Performance in Information and Solution Spaces." Organization Science 26, no. 5 (September–October 2015): 1432–1446. (Won 2014 INGRoup Outstanding Paper Award.)
- 2014
- Working Paper
The Organizational and Geographic Drivers of Absorptive Capacity: An Empirical Analysis of Pharmaceutical R&D Laboratories
By: Francesca Lazzeri and Gary P. Pisano
Scholars and practitioners alike now recognize that a firm's capacity to assimilate and use know-how from external sources—what Cohen and Levinthal (1990) called "absorptive capacity"—plays a central role in innovation performance. In recent years, a common strategy...
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Keywords:
Geographic Location;
Industry Clusters;
Knowledge Acquisition;
Pharmaceutical Industry;
San Francisco;
San Diego;
Massachusetts
Lazzeri, Francesca, and Gary P. Pisano. "The Organizational and Geographic Drivers of Absorptive Capacity: An Empirical Analysis of Pharmaceutical R&D Laboratories." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 14-098, April 2014.
- January 2014 (Revised January 2017)
- Case
Nivea (A)
By: Karim R. Lakhani, Johann Fuller, Volker Bilgram and Greta Friar
The case describes the efforts of Beiersdorf, a worldwide leader in the cosmetics and skin care industries, to generate and commercialize new R&D through open innovation using external crowds and "netnographic" analysis. Beiersdorf, best known for its consumer brand...
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Keywords:
Innovation;
Innovation Management;
Crowdsourcing;
Big Data;
Innovation Strategy;
Innovation and Management;
Knowledge Management;
Knowledge Sharing;
Research and Development;
Social and Collaborative Networks;
Collaborative Innovation and Invention;
Beauty and Cosmetics Industry;
Consumer Products Industry
Lakhani, Karim R., Johann Fuller, Volker Bilgram, and Greta Friar. "Nivea (A)." Harvard Business School Case 614-042, January 2014. (Revised January 2017.)
- Article
Fast Generalized Subset Scan for Anomalous Pattern Detection
By: Edward McFowland III, Skyler Speakman and Daniel B. Neill
We propose Fast Generalized Subset Scan (FGSS), a new method for detecting anomalous patterns in general categorical data sets. We frame the pattern detection problem as a search over subsets of data records and attributes, maximizing a nonparametric scan statistic...
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Keywords:
Pattern Detection;
Anomaly Detection;
Knowledge Discovery;
Bayesian Networks;
Scan Statistics
McFowland III, Edward, Skyler Speakman, and Daniel B. Neill. "Fast Generalized Subset Scan for Anomalous Pattern Detection." Art. 12. Journal of Machine Learning Research 14 (2013): 1533–1561.
- Article
Beyond Magic Bullets: True Innovation in Health Care
By: Vaibhav A. Narayan, Marco Mohwinckel, Gary Pisano, Michael Yang and Husseini Manji
The molecular medicine revolution—based on advances in fields such as genomics and network modeling in the decade since the human genome sequence was completed—has changed the way we think about, study, and approach the development of novel therapies. However, these...
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Keywords:
Integration;
Business Model;
Organizational Structure;
Health Care and Treatment;
Innovation and Invention;
Pharmaceutical Industry
Narayan, Vaibhav A., Marco Mohwinckel, Gary Pisano, Michael Yang, and Husseini Manji. "Beyond Magic Bullets: True Innovation in Health Care." Nature Reviews: Drug Discovery 12, no. 2 (February 2013): 85–86.