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All HBS Web
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- Faculty Publications (77)
- 2012
- Article
Specialization and Variety in Repetitive Tasks: Evidence from a Japanese Bank
By: B. Staats and F. Gino
Sustaining operational productivity in the completion of repetitive tasks is critical to many organizations' success. Yet research points to two different work-design-related strategies for accomplishing this goal: specialization to capture the benefits of repetition...
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Keywords:
Motivation;
Productivity;
Specialization;
Variety;
Work Fragmentation;
Boundaries;
Performance Productivity;
Organizations;
Research;
Strategy;
Motivation and Incentives;
Opportunities;
Market Transactions;
Resource Allocation;
Performance;
Goals and Objectives;
Learning
Staats, B., and F. Gino. "Specialization and Variety in Repetitive Tasks: Evidence from a Japanese Bank." Management Science 58, no. 6 (June 2012): 1141–1159.
- 2012
- Article
Open Innovation and Organization Design
By: Michael Tushman, Karim Lakhani and Hila Lifshitz - Assaf
This paper calls the organization design community to reconcile the divergent scholarly perspectives on the relationship between firm boundaries and the locus of innovation by moving beyond debates between open vs. closed boundaries and instead embracing the notion of...
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Keywords:
Organization Design;
Open Innovation;
Innovation;
Locus Of Innovation;
Organizational Boundaries;
Organizational Design;
Organizational Structure;
Innovation and Invention;
Alliances;
Vertical Integration;
Boundaries
Tushman, Michael, Karim Lakhani, and Hila Lifshitz - Assaf. "Open Innovation and Organization Design." Special Issue on The Future of Organization Design. Journal of Organization Design 1, no. 1 (2012): 24–27. (SSRN's top ten download list for: Organizational Structural Designs, Innovation & Product Development.)
- June 2012
- Article
The Transparency Paradox: A Role for Privacy in Organizational Learning and Operational Control
Using data from embedded participant-observers and a field experiment at the second largest mobile phone factory in the world, located in China, I theorize and test the implications of transparent organizational design on workers' productivity and organizational...
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Keywords:
Transparency;
Privacy;
Organizational Learning;
Operational Control;
Organizational Performance;
Chinese Manufacturing;
Field Experiment;
Rights;
Interpersonal Communication;
Management Practices and Processes;
Ethics;
Corporate Disclosure;
Performance Productivity;
Boundaries;
Organizations;
Social and Collaborative Networks;
Labor and Management Relations;
Power and Influence;
Manufacturing Industry;
China
Bernstein, Ethan S. "The Transparency Paradox: A Role for Privacy in Organizational Learning and Operational Control." Administrative Science Quarterly 57, no. 2 (June 2012): 181–216.
- October 2011 (Revised May 2015)
- Case
The American Repertory Theater
By: Rohit Deshpande, Allen S. Grossman and Ryan Johnson
When Diane Paulus, artistic director and CEO of the American Repertory Theater (A.R.T.) first started in 2008, she attracted media coverage around an aesthetic that aimed to give the audience more ownership over the theater experience, excited theatergoers by...
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Keywords:
Advertising Campaigns;
Arts;
Business Model;
Leading Change;
Media;
Organizational Change and Adaptation;
Nonprofit Organizations;
Competitive Strategy;
Entertainment and Recreation Industry;
North and Central America
Deshpande, Rohit, Allen S. Grossman, and Ryan Johnson. "The American Repertory Theater." Harvard Business School Case 512-026, October 2011. (Revised May 2015.)
- August 2011 (Revised April 2013)
- Case
Language and Globalization: 'Englishnization' at Rakuten (A)
By: Tsedal Neeley
Hiroshi Mikitani, the CEO of Rakuten, (Japan's largest online retailer), is at the helm of an organization that is rapidly expanding into global markets. In a critical stride toward becoming the world's No. 1 Internet services company, Mikitani announces...
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Keywords:
Teaching;
Human Capital;
Change Management;
Transformation;
Social Enterprise;
Communication Strategy;
Internet and the Web;
Disruptive Innovation;
Organizational Change and Adaptation;
Strategic Planning;
Leadership;
Global Strategy;
Technology Industry;
Retail Industry;
Japan
Neeley, Tsedal. "Language and Globalization: 'Englishnization' at Rakuten (A)." Harvard Business School Case 412-002, August 2011. (Revised April 2013.)
- August 2011
- Article
From the Outside In: The Negative Spillover Effects of Boundary Spanners' Relations with Members of Other Organizations
By: Lakshmi Ramarajan, Katerina Bezrukova, Karen A. Jehn and Martin Euwema
Contrary to much boundary spanning research, we examined the negative consequences of boundary spanning contact in multi-organizational contexts. Results from a sample of 833 Dutch peacekeepers show that employees' boundary spanning contact with members of other...
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Keywords:
Inter-organizational Contact;
Boundary Spanning;
Peacekeeping;
Relationships;
Jobs and Positions;
Organizations;
Attitudes
Ramarajan, Lakshmi, Katerina Bezrukova, Karen A. Jehn, and Martin Euwema. "From the Outside In: The Negative Spillover Effects of Boundary Spanners' Relations with Members of Other Organizations." Journal of Organizational Behavior 32, no. 6 (August 2011): 886–905.
- 2011
- Working Paper
Organizations in the Shadow of Communities
By: Siobhan O'Mahony and Karim R. Lakhani
The concept of a community form is drawn upon in many subfields of organizational theory. Although there is not much convergence on a level of analysis, there is convergence on a mode of action that is increasingly relevant to a knowledge-based economy marked by porous...
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Keywords:
Knowledge Sharing;
Organizational Culture;
Civil Society or Community;
Boundaries;
Information Technology;
Theory;
Value Creation
O'Mahony, Siobhan, and Karim R. Lakhani. "Organizations in the Shadow of Communities." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 11-131, June 2011.
- 2011
- Working Paper
The 'IKEA Effect': When Labor Leads to Love
By: Michael I. Norton, Daniel Mochon and Dan Ariely
In a series of studies in which consumers assembled IKEA boxes, folded origami, and built sets of Legos, we demonstrate and investigate the boundary conditions for what we term the "IKEA effect&"—the increase in valuation of self-made products. Participants saw their...
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Norton, Michael I., Daniel Mochon, and Dan Ariely. "The 'IKEA Effect': When Labor Leads to Love." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 11-091, March 2011.
- 2012
- Working Paper
Learning from Customers: Individual and Organizational Effects in Outsourced Radiological Services
By: Jonathan R. Clark, Robert S. Huckman and Bradley R. Staats
The ongoing fragmentation of work has resulted in a narrowing of tasks into smaller pieces that can be sent outside the organization and, in many instances, around the world. This trend is shifting the boundaries of organizations and leading to increased outsourcing....
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Keywords:
Experience and Expertise;
Learning;
Health Care and Treatment;
Job Cuts and Outsourcing;
Knowledge Acquisition;
Volume;
Performance Productivity;
Health Industry
Clark, Jonathan R., Robert S. Huckman, and Bradley R. Staats. "Learning from Customers: Individual and Organizational Effects in Outsourced Radiological Services." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 11-057, December 2010. (Revised September 2011, January 2013. NBER Working Paper Series, No. w18723, January 2013)
- December 2010
- Article
Organising Response to Extreme Emergencies: The Victorian Bushfires of 2009
By: Dutch Leonard and Arnold M. Howitt
How can people and organisations best respond to emergency events that are significantly beyond the boundaries of what they had generally anticipated, expected, prepared for-or even imagined? What forms of organisations are likely to be best able to cope with such...
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Keywords:
Organizations;
Management Practices and Processes;
Natural Disasters;
Crisis Management;
Boundaries;
United States
Leonard, Dutch, and Arnold M. Howitt. "Organising Response to Extreme Emergencies: The Victorian Bushfires of 2009." Australian Journal of Public Administration 69, no. 4 (December 2010).
- 2010
- Book
Seven Strategy Questions: A Simple Approach for Better Execution
By: Robert L. Simons
To stay ahead of the pack, you must translate your organization's competitive strategy into day-to-day actions that will enable your company to win in the marketplace. This means channeling resources into the right efforts, striking a balance between innovation and...
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Keywords:
Decision Choices and Conditions;
Innovation and Management;
Resource Allocation;
Business Processes;
Organizational Culture;
Competitive Strategy
Simons, Robert L. Seven Strategy Questions: A Simple Approach for Better Execution. Harvard Business Review Press, 2010.
- October 2010
- Journal Article
Organizational Designs and Innovation Streams
By: Michael Tushman, Wendy K. Smith, Robert Chapman Wood, George Westerman and Charles A. O'Reilly III
This article empirically explores the relations between alternative organizational designs and a firm's ability to explore as well as exploit. We operationalize exploitation and exploration in terms of innovation streams—incremental innovation in existing products as...
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Keywords:
Competency and Skills;
Innovation and Invention;
Management Teams;
Product Development;
Organizational Change and Adaptation;
Organizational Culture;
Organizational Design;
Outcome or Result;
Performance Improvement
Tushman, Michael, Wendy K. Smith, Robert Chapman Wood, George Westerman, and Charles A. O'Reilly III. "Organizational Designs and Innovation Streams." Industrial and Corporate Change 19, no. 5 (October 2010): 1331–1366. (doi: 10.1093/icc/dtq040.)
- March 2010 (Revised June 2010)
- Case
Whose Money Is It Anyway? (A)
By: V.G. Narayanan, Richard G. Hamermesh and Rachel Gordon
The Brigham and Women's Physician's Organization (BWPO) and its corporate parent disagree over who has jurisdiction over significant legacy funds. Are they controlled by the BWPO or do they belong to BWPO's corporate parent? The BWPO and its corporate parent must...
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Keywords:
Accounting;
Investment Funds;
Governance Controls;
Agreements and Arrangements;
Boundaries;
Health Industry
Narayanan, V.G., Richard G. Hamermesh, and Rachel Gordon. "Whose Money Is It Anyway? (A)." Harvard Business School Case 810-008, March 2010. (Revised June 2010.)
- May 2009
- Case
Tokyo Electron Ltd.
By: Willy C. Shih and Andrew A. King
Tokyo Electron Ltd. operates in a constrained innovation environment, defined by modular boundaries that are long standing in the industry that it serves, the global semiconductor manufacturing industry. While the original motivation for these boundaries was division...
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Keywords:
Globalized Markets and Industries;
Governance Controls;
Technological Innovation;
Organizational Change and Adaptation;
Boundaries;
Manufacturing Industry;
Semiconductor Industry
Shih, Willy C., and Andrew A. King. "Tokyo Electron Ltd." Harvard Business School Case 609-096, May 2009.
- Article
Crossing Boundaries to Increase Relevance in Organizational Research
Polzer, Jeffrey, Ranjay Gulati, Rakesh Khurana, and Michael Tushman. "Crossing Boundaries to Increase Relevance in Organizational Research." Journal of Management Inquiry 18, no. 4 (December 2009): 280–286.
- 2008
- Working Paper
Communication (and Coordination?) in a Modern, Complex Organization
By: Adam M. Kleinbaum, Toby E. Stuart and Michael L. Tushman
This is a descriptive study of the structure of communications in a modern organization. We analyze a dataset with millions of electronic mail messages, calendar meetings and teleconferences for many thousands of employees of a single, multidivisional firm during a...
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Keywords:
Business Conglomerates;
Interpersonal Communication;
Organizational Structure;
Social Issues;
Boundaries
Kleinbaum, Adam M., Toby E. Stuart, and Michael L. Tushman. "Communication (and Coordination?) in a Modern, Complex Organization." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 09-004, July 2008.
- 2007
- Working Paper
Boundaries Need Not Be Barriers: Leading Collaboration among Groups in Decentralized Organizations
By: Heather M. Caruso, Todd Rogers and Max H. Bazerman
Caruso, Heather M., Todd Rogers, and Max H. Bazerman. "Boundaries Need Not Be Barriers: Leading Collaboration among Groups in Decentralized Organizations." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 07-090, May 2007. (Revised July 2008.)
- 1 Aug 2006
- Conference Presentation
Unmasking Manly Men: How Organizations Can Redefine the Boundaries of Masculine Identity
By: R. Ely
- Article
Interorganizational Ties and Business Group Boundaries: Evidence from an Emerging Economy
By: Tarun Khanna and Jan W. Rivkin
Khanna, Tarun, and Jan W. Rivkin. "Interorganizational Ties and Business Group Boundaries: Evidence from an Emerging Economy." Organization Science 17, no. 3 (May–June 2006): 333–352.
- February 2005
- Article
Managing the Ecosystem
By: Marco Iansiti
The days of the corporate lone wolf are over. In our increasingly interconnected world, standing alone is no longer a viable business model. Instead, smart companies rely heavily on networks of partners, suppliers, and customers to achieve market success and sustain...
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Keywords:
Integrated Corporate Reporting;
Partners and Partnerships;
Industry Clusters;
Customers;
Markets;
Situation or Environment;
Banks and Banking;
Insurance;
Software
Iansiti, Marco. "Managing the Ecosystem." Optimize 4, no. 2 (February 2005).