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- Faculty Publications (1,706)
- June 1989
- Background Note
Mastering the Art of Change: Managing Convergence and Upheaval
Outlines the differences between convergent change, which is a process of incremental innovation and continuous improvement, and divergent change, which involves revolutionary changes. Discusses how to manage each type of change and the consequences associated with...
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Kanter, Rosabeth M., and Leonard A. Schlesinger. "Mastering the Art of Change: Managing Convergence and Upheaval." Harvard Business School Background Note 389-168, June 1989.
- February 1989 (Revised October 1994)
- Case
Asahi Breweries Ltd.
Focuses on competitive repositioning, organizational renewal, and personal leadership. Describes how Asahi Breweries was faced with a major capacity expansion decision after succeeding in increasing market share dramatically in the traditionally stable Japanese beer...
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Keywords:
Competitive Strategy;
Expansion;
Leadership;
Organizational Structure;
Product Launch;
Management Teams;
Business or Company Management;
Marketing Strategy;
Supply Chain Management;
Mission and Purpose;
Food and Beverage Industry;
Japan
Salter, Malcolm S. "Asahi Breweries Ltd." Harvard Business School Case 389-114, February 1989. (Revised October 1994.)
- January 1989
- Background Note
Managing Information Technology: Organization and Leadership
By: James I. Cash Jr. and Thomas H. Davenport
Describes the organizational components of the typical IT organization in a large corporation. Points out common problems and issues for each component of the organization. Also addresses the leadership issues for the IT function, and focuses specifically on the Chief...
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Keywords:
Information Management;
Organizational Design;
Leadership;
Managerial Roles;
Information Technology;
Problems and Challenges;
Information Technology Industry
Cash, James I., Jr., and Thomas H. Davenport. "Managing Information Technology: Organization and Leadership." Harvard Business School Background Note 189-133, January 1989.
- 1989
- Article
The Creative Environment Scales: The Work Environment Inventory
By: T. M. Amabile and N. Gryskiewicz
The Creative Environment Scales Work Environment Inventory (WEI) is a new paper-and-pencil instrument designed to assess stimulants and obstacles to creativity in the work environment. Unlike many instruments that are designed as comprehensive descriptions of the work...
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Keywords:
Creativity;
Innovation and Invention;
Working Conditions;
Management Analysis, Tools, and Techniques
Amabile, T. M., and N. Gryskiewicz. "The Creative Environment Scales: The Work Environment Inventory." Creativity Research Journal 2 (1989): 231–254.
- November 1988 (Revised July 1997)
- Case
Technology Transfer at a Defense Contractor
By: Linda A. Hill
At a time of great changes in the corporate environment, Larry Yoshino, a design lab manager at Parsons Controls Corp., faces a delay in a costly defense project due to the inability of one of his subordinates to gain the cooperation of engineers at Parsons'...
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Keywords:
Organizational Change and Adaptation;
Change Management;
Conflict Management;
Managerial Roles;
Management Teams;
Employees;
Competitive Strategy;
Projects
Hill, Linda A. "Technology Transfer at a Defense Contractor." Harvard Business School Case 489-084, November 1988. (Revised July 1997.)
- fall 1988
- Article
Analysis of the Organizational Characteristics Related to Tight Budget Goals
By: R. Simons
Simons, R. "Analysis of the Organizational Characteristics Related to Tight Budget Goals." Contemporary Accounting Research 5, no. 1 (fall 1988): 267–283.
- September 1988 (Revised September 1993)
- Case
Mrs. Fields Cookies
Mrs. Fields Cookies is a small company selling freshly baked goods through privately owned specialty stores (each store sells only Mrs. Fields products). The company has about 8,000 employees worldwide and less than 150 information systems people for a unique leverage...
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Keywords:
Acquisition;
Information Management;
Organizational Structure;
Customer Relationship Management;
Business Growth and Maturation;
Networks;
Internet and the Web;
Food and Beverage Industry;
Information Technology Industry
Cash, James I., Jr. "Mrs. Fields Cookies." Harvard Business School Case 189-056, September 1988. (Revised September 1993.)
- August 1988 (Revised April 1998)
- Case
IBM 360: Giant as Entrepreneur
By: Joseph L. Bower
Presents the ingredients that went into a major entrepreneurial shift by IBM--investing $5 billion into a new product line that would obsolete any existing computer product line offered by the competition, or by IBM itself. The economic and technical challenges of this...
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Keywords:
Change Management;
Corporate Entrepreneurship;
Financial Management;
Investment;
Organizational Change and Adaptation;
Organizational Structure;
Problems and Challenges;
Competitive Strategy;
Information Technology Industry
Bower, Joseph L. "IBM 360: Giant as Entrepreneur." Harvard Business School Case 389-003, August 1988. (Revised April 1998.)
- 1988
- Chapter
Managing Change in Innovative Organizations
By: R. M. Kanter
Kanter, R. M. "Managing Change in Innovative Organizations." In Productivity and Quality Through Science and Technology, edited by Y. K. Shetty and V. M. Buehler. Westport, CT: Quorum Books, 1988. (Reprinted in The Quest for Competitiveness, edited by Y.K. Shetty and V.M. Buehler. Westport, Conn.: Quorum Books, 1991.)
- April 1988 (Revised May 1992)
- Case
Gaz de France
By: W. Carl Kester
The treasurer of Gaz de France is an aggressive, proactive manager of his company's liability structure, running one of the largest swap books of any non-financial corporation in the world. Currency futures, interbank forwards, and currency options are also frequently...
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Keywords:
Decisions;
Borrowing and Debt;
Currency Exchange Rate;
Credit Derivatives and Swaps;
Policy;
Management;
Organizational Structure;
Energy Industry;
Europe
Kester, W. Carl. "Gaz de France." Harvard Business School Case 288-030, April 1988. (Revised May 1992.)
- 2000
- Chapter
When a Thousand Flowers Bloom: Structural, Collective, and Social Conditions for Innovation in Organizations
By: R. M. Kanter
Kanter, R. M. "When a Thousand Flowers Bloom: Structural, Collective, and Social Conditions for Innovation in Organizations." In Research in Organizational Behavior. Vol. 22, edited by B. Staw and R. Sutton. Elsevier Science, 2000. (Reprintings include: The Evolution and Adaptation of Organizations, edited by B. Staw and L.L. Cummings. Greenwich, Conn: JAI Press, 1990; Knowledge Management and Organizational Design, edited by P.S. Myers. Boston: Butterworth-Heinemann, 1996, pp. 93-132; Entrepreneurship: The Social Science View, edited by R. Swedberg. Oxford University Press, 2000.)
- January 1988 (Revised January 2007)
- Background Note
Leading Change
By: Michael Beer
Presents a conceptual framework for understanding the process of leading organizational change. Change leaders must create dissatisfaction with the status quo, develop a vision of the future state, and manage a process that sequences and orchestrates events and changes...
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Beer, Michael. "Leading Change." Harvard Business School Background Note 488-037, January 1988. (Revised January 2007.)
- November 1987 (Revised June 1988)
- Case
ServiceMaster Industries, Inc.
By: James L. Heskett
The CEO of ServiceMaster Industries has convened an internal task force to come up with ideas for reorganizing the company to accommodate unusually fast growth. In developing both alternatives and criteria for appraising them, the task force has to keep in mind the...
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Heskett, James L. "ServiceMaster Industries, Inc." Harvard Business School Case 388-064, November 1987. (Revised June 1988.)
- October 1987 (Revised October 1989)
- Background Note
Moving Ideas into Action: Mastering the Art of Change
Discusses elements in organizing a large scale change effort: defining a shared vision, coalition building, management structure and process, communication and education, local participation and innovation, standards and measures, and symbols and signals.
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Keywords:
Change Management;
Communication;
Policy;
Innovation and Invention;
Standards;
Organizational Change and Adaptation;
Strategy
Kanter, Rosabeth M. "Moving Ideas into Action: Mastering the Art of Change." Harvard Business School Background Note 388-002, October 1987. (Revised October 1989.)
- October 1987
- Case
Philips Group--1987, The
By: Francis Aguilar and Michael Y. Yoshino
Discusses how Philips, a major Dutch-based multinational company, attempts to bring about a fundamental change in its strategy, organization, and culture in response to a rapidly changing market and competitive environment.
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Keywords:
Multinational Firms and Management;
Organizational Change and Adaptation;
Organizational Culture;
Organizational Structure;
Corporate Strategy;
Competitive Strategy;
Markets;
Change Management;
Netherlands
Aguilar, Francis, and Michael Y. Yoshino. "Philips Group--1987, The." Harvard Business School Case 388-050, October 1987.
- Article
Managing Across Borders: New Organizational Responses
By: Christopher A. Bartlett and S. Ghoshal
Bartlett, Christopher A., and S. Ghoshal. "Managing Across Borders: New Organizational Responses." MIT Sloan Management Review 29, no. 1 (Fall 1987): 43–54. (Also in The History of Management Thought, edited by Peter J. Buckley, Ashgate Publishing, 2002; and in Smart Globalization: Designing Global Strategies, Creating Global Networks, edited by Anil K. Gupta and Eleanor Westney, San Francisco: Jossey-Bass Publishers, 2003.)
- July 1987 (Revised October 1995)
- Case
Phillips 66: Controlling a Company Through Crisis
The downstream operations subsidiary of a major U.S. petroleum company is faced with major restructuring decisions and responds by developing an Executive Information System (EIS) which allows for increased responsiveness, wider span of control, and higher levels of...
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Keywords:
Restructuring;
Information Management;
Governance Controls;
Organizational Design;
Crisis Management;
Communication;
Management Teams;
Growth Management;
Mining Industry;
Energy Industry;
United States
Applegate, Lynda M. "Phillips 66: Controlling a Company Through Crisis." Harvard Business School Case 189-006, July 1987. (Revised October 1995.)
- April 1987 (Revised April 1987)
- Case
Tiberg Co.
By: Michael Beer and Daniel J. Isenberg
Describes the efforts of a vice president of purchasing to coordinate and centralize purchasing procedures in a multinational company. He encounters a lack of active cooperation. A rewritten version of an earlier case by G. Lombard.
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Keywords:
Cost Management;
Multinational Firms and Management;
Governance Controls;
Managerial Roles;
Organizational Change and Adaptation;
Organizational Design;
Power and Influence
Beer, Michael, and Daniel J. Isenberg. "Tiberg Co." Harvard Business School Case 487-079, April 1987. (Revised April 1987.)