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All HBS Web
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- Faculty Publications (47)
- Article
Performance Effects of Setting a High Reference Point for Peer‐Performance Comparison
By: Henry Eyring and V.G. Narayanan
We conduct a field experiment, based on a registered report accepted by the Journal of Accounting Research, to test performance effects of setting a high reference point for peer‐performance comparison. Relative to providing the median as a reference point for...
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Keywords:
Relative Performance Evaluation;
Reference Points;
Social Comparison;
Field Experiment;
Performance;
Performance Evaluation;
Education
Eyring, Henry, and V.G. Narayanan. "Performance Effects of Setting a High Reference Point for Peer‐Performance Comparison." Journal of Accounting Research 56, no. 2 (May 2018): 581–615.
- Article
Pseudo-Set Framing
Pseudo-set framing—arbitrarily grouping items or tasks together as part of an apparent “set”—motivates people to reach perceived completion points. Pseudo-set framing changes gambling choices (Study 1), effort (Studies 2 and 3), giving behavior (Field Data and Study...
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Keywords:
Framing Effects;
Gestalt Psychology;
Judgment;
Judgments;
Decision Making;
Perception;
Behavior
Barasz, Kate, Leslie John, Elizabeth A. Keenan, and Michael I. Norton. "Pseudo-Set Framing." Journal of Experimental Psychology: General 146, no. 10 (October 2017): 1460–1477.
- Article
Selfishly Benevolent or Benevolently Selfish? When Self-interest Undermines versus Promotes Prosocial Behavior
By: Julian Zlatev and Dale T. Miller
Existing research shows that appeals to self-interest sometimes increase and sometimes decrease prosocial behavior. We propose that this inconsistency is in part due to the framings of these appeals. Different framings generate different salient reference points,...
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Keywords:
Altruism;
Charitable Giving;
Framing;
Prosocial Behavior;
Reference Points;
Self-interest;
Philanthropy and Charitable Giving;
Framework;
Behavior
Zlatev, Julian, and Dale T. Miller. "Selfishly Benevolent or Benevolently Selfish? When Self-interest Undermines versus Promotes Prosocial Behavior." Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes 137 (November 2016): 112–122.
- September 2016
- Article
Do Display Ads Influence Search?: Attribution and Dynamics in Online Advertising
By: Pavel Kireyev, Koen Pauwels and Sunil Gupta
As firms increasingly rely on online media to acquire consumers, marketing managers feel comfortable justifying higher online marketing spending by referring to online metrics such as click-through rate (CTR) and cost per acquisition (CPA). However, these standard...
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Kireyev, Pavel, Koen Pauwels, and Sunil Gupta. "Do Display Ads Influence Search? Attribution and Dynamics in Online Advertising." International Journal of Research in Marketing 33, no. 3 (September 2016): 475–490.
- Article
The Scandal Effect
By: Boris Groysberg, Eric Lin, George Serafeim and Robin Abrahams
Executives with scandal-tainted companies on their résumés pay a penalty on the job market, even if they clearly had nothing to do with the trouble. Because the scandal effect is lasting, a company you left long ago could have an impact on your current and future job...
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Keywords:
Misconduct;
Career;
Career Management;
Career Changes;
Executive Leadership;
Executive Development;
Crime and Corruption;
Executive Compensation;
Personal Development and Career;
Management Skills;
Management Teams
Groysberg, Boris, Eric Lin, George Serafeim, and Robin Abrahams. "The Scandal Effect." Harvard Business Review 94, no. 9 (September 2016): 90–98.
- August 2014 (Revised May 2015)
- Case
Teaming at Disney Animation
By: Amy C. Edmondson, David L. Ager, Emily Harburg and Natalie Bartlett
Jonathan Geibel, Director of Systems at Walt Disney Animation Studios (hereafter referred to as Disney Animation), walked through the workspace occupied by the group he had been tasked to lead. Geibel knew he was part of a creative and magical environment. The Disney...
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Keywords:
Leading Change;
Creativity;
Organizational Structure;
Animation Entertainment;
Organizational Culture;
Groups and Teams;
Motion Pictures and Video Industry;
Entertainment and Recreation Industry;
United States
Edmondson, Amy C., David L. Ager, Emily Harburg, and Natalie Bartlett. "Teaming at Disney Animation." Harvard Business School Case 615-023, August 2014. (Revised May 2015.)
- 2014
- Chapter
Promoting Corporate Sustainability through Integrated Reporting: The Role of Investment Fiduciaries and the Responsibilities of the Corporate Board
By: Robert G. Eccles, J. Herron and George Serafeim
This book is a comprehensive reference work exploring recent changes and future trends in the principles that govern institutional investors and fiduciaries. A wide range of contributors offer new perspectives on dynamics that drive the current emphasis on short-term...
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Keywords:
Governance;
Integrated Corporate Reporting;
Institutional Investing;
Financial Services Industry
Eccles, Robert G., J. Herron, and George Serafeim. "Promoting Corporate Sustainability through Integrated Reporting: The Role of Investment Fiduciaries and the Responsibilities of the Corporate Board." Chap. 31 in Cambridge Handbook of Institutional Investment and Fiduciary Duty, edited by James P. Hawley, Andreas G.F. Hoepner, Keith L. Johnson, Joakim Sandberg, and Edward J. Waitzer, 403–415. Cambridge University Press, 2014.
- Article
What Makes a Critic Tick? Connected Authors and the Determinants of Book Reviews
By: Loretti I. Dobrescu, Michael Luca and Alberto Motta
This paper investigates the determinants of expert reviews in the book industry. Reviews are determined not only by the quality of the product, but also by the incentives of the media outlet providing the review. For example, a media outlet may have the incentive to...
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Dobrescu, Loretti I., Michael Luca, and Alberto Motta. "What Makes a Critic Tick? Connected Authors and the Determinants of Book Reviews." Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization 96 (December 2013): 85–103.
- 2013
- Working Paper
Where do the Most Active Customers Originate and How Can Firms Keep Them Engaged?
By: Clarence Lee, E. Ofek and Thomas Steenburgh
In this paper, we study how firms offering Web services can acquire and develop an active customer base. We focus on two basic questions. First, how does the method of customer acquisition affect the way customers use the service to meet their own needs and to interact...
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- July–August 2013
- Article
The Costs of Racial 'Color Blindness'
By: Michael I. Norton and Evan P. Apfelbaum
The article looks at research on people's attitudes and behaviors with respect to noticing and referring to a person's race. It explains the 2013 study, in which participants played a "Guess Who?" style game of asking yes-or-no questions about a group of faces...
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Norton, Michael I., and Evan P. Apfelbaum. "The Costs of Racial 'Color Blindness'." Harvard Business Review 91, nos. 7/8 (July–August 2013): 22.
- 2013
- Working Paper
Do Display Ads Influence Search?: Attribution and Dynamics in Online Advertising
By: Sunil Gupta
As firms increasingly rely on online media to acquire consumers, marketing managers feel comfortable justifying higher online marketing spend by referring to online metrics such as click-through rate (CTR) and cost per acquisition (CPA). However, these standard online...
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Kireyev, Pavel, Koen Pauwels, and Sunil Gupta. "Do Display Ads Influence Search? Attribution and Dynamics in Online Advertising." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 13-070, February 2013.
- October 2012
- Article
The Effect of Reference Point Prices on Mergers and Acquisitions
By: Malcolm Baker, Xin Pan and Jeffrey Wurgler
Prior stock price peaks of targets affect several aspects of merger and acquisition activity. Offer prices are biased toward recent peak prices although they are economically unremarkable. An offer's probability of acceptance jumps discontinuously when it exceeds a...
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Baker, Malcolm, Xin Pan, and Jeffrey Wurgler. "The Effect of Reference Point Prices on Mergers and Acquisitions." Journal of Financial Economics 106, no. 1 (October 2012): 49–71.
- 2012
- White Paper
Robust Enforcement Should Complement Voluntary Regulation
By: Jodi L. Short and Michael W. Toffel
Spurred by the anti-regulation movement that started in the 1970s, voluntary self-regulation programs have emerged in many regulatory agencies, seeking to increase cooperation between government and industry to achieve greater and more cost-effective compliance....
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Short, Jodi L., and Michael W. Toffel. "Robust Enforcement Should Complement Voluntary Regulation." Georgetown University Economic Policy Vignette, September 2012.
- 2010
- Working Paper
Lawful but Corrupt: Gaming and the Problem of Institutional Corruption in the Private Sector
This paper describes how the gaming of society's rules by corporations contributes to the problem of institutional corruption in the world of business. "Gaming" in its various forms involves the use of technically legal means to subvert the intent of society's rules in...
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Keywords:
Crime and Corruption;
Civil Society or Community;
Competitive Advantage;
Earnings Management;
Trust;
Law;
Performance;
Investment Funds;
Private Sector;
Behavior;
Relationships;
Goals and Objectives
Salter, Malcolm S. "Lawful but Corrupt: Gaming and the Problem of Institutional Corruption in the Private Sector." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 11-060, December 2010.
- July 2009
- Article
When Misconduct Goes Unnoticed: The Acceptability of Gradual Erosion in Others' Unethical Behavior
By: Francesca Gino and Max Bazerman
Four laboratory studies show that people are more likely to accept others' unethical behavior when ethical degradation occurs slowly rather than in one abrupt shift. Participants served in the role of watchdogs charged with catching instances of cheating. The watchdogs...
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Gino, Francesca, and Max Bazerman. "When Misconduct Goes Unnoticed: The Acceptability of Gradual Erosion in Others' Unethical Behavior." Journal of Experimental Social Psychology 45, no. 4 (July 2009): 708–719.
- 2009
- Book
The Adventures of an IT Leader
By: Robert D. Austin, Richard L. Nolan and Shannon O'Donnell
Becoming an effective IT manager presents a host of challenges-from anticipating emerging technology to managing relationships with vendors, employees, and other managers. Ultimately, a good IT manager must be a strong business leader, not just a technical...
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Keywords:
Books;
Leadership;
Crisis Management;
Personal Development and Career;
Relationships;
Safety;
Information Technology
Austin, Robert D., Richard L. Nolan, and Shannon O'Donnell. The Adventures of an IT Leader. Harvard Business Press, 2009.
- Article
Gross National Happiness As an Answer to the Easterlin Paradox?
By: Rafael Di Tella and Robert MacCulloch
The Easterlin Paradox refers to the fact that happiness data are typically stationary in spite of considerable increases in income. This amounts to a rejection of the hypothesis that current income is the only argument in the utility function. We find that the...
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Di Tella, Rafael, and Robert MacCulloch. "Gross National Happiness As an Answer to the Easterlin Paradox?" Journal of Development Economics 86, no. 1 (April 2008).
- June 2007 (Revised January 2008)
- Case
The Vanguard Group, Inc. in 2006 and Target Retirement Funds
By: Luis M. Viceira
The Vanguard Group is one of the largest asset managers in the U.S., with over $1 trillion in assets, ninety percent of which are mutual fund assets, and more than 12,000 employees at year-end 2006. Vanguard has built a strong reputation as the manager of reference for...
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Keywords:
Asset Management;
Investment Funds;
Personal Finance;
Brands and Branding;
Retirement;
Trust;
Financial Services Industry;
United States
Viceira, Luis M. "The Vanguard Group, Inc. in 2006 and Target Retirement Funds." Harvard Business School Case 207-129, June 2007. (Revised January 2008.)
- June 2007
- Article
Which Levers Boost ROI?
By: Margeaux Cvar and John A. Quelch
The article refers to ROI, or return on investment, and focuses on a rational strategy for financial markets that uses outside industry comparisons. The first step is to identify parallel businesses that have similar characteristics such as growth, capital, and market...
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Cvar, Margeaux, and John A. Quelch. "Which Levers Boost ROI?" Harvard Business Review 85, no. 6 (June 2007): 21–24.
- Article
Policy Implications of Weak Patent Rights
By: James J. Anton, Hillary Greene and Dennis Yao
Patents vary substantially in the degree of protection provided against unauthorized imitation. In this chapter we explore a range of work addressing the economic and policy implications of "weak" patents—patents that have a significant probability of being overturned...
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Keywords:
Patents;
Motivation and Incentives;
Entrepreneurship;
Competition;
Policy;
Innovation and Invention;
Rights;
Monopoly;
Business Startups
Anton, James J., Hillary Greene, and Dennis Yao. "Policy Implications of Weak Patent Rights." Innovation Policy and the Economy 6 (2006): 1–26. (Harvard users click here for full text.)