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All HBS Web
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- Faculty Publications (3,521)
- June 1989 (Revised July 1993)
- Case
CIGNA Worldwide
By: John A. Quelch
A CIGNA Worldwide (CWW) task group of European country directors and key functional managers is meeting in November 1988 to discuss how CWW should respond to the European Community's plan to remove existing internal barriers and restrictions to the free flow of goods...
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Keywords:
Multinational Firms and Management;
Insurance;
Competitive Strategy;
Emerging Markets;
Trade;
Insurance Industry;
Europe
Quelch, John A. "CIGNA Worldwide." Harvard Business School Case 589-098, June 1989. (Revised July 1993.)
- June 1989
- Background Note
Mastering the Art of Change: Managing Convergence and Upheaval
Outlines the differences between convergent change, which is a process of incremental innovation and continuous improvement, and divergent change, which involves revolutionary changes. Discusses how to manage each type of change and the consequences associated with...
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Kanter, Rosabeth M., and Leonard A. Schlesinger. "Mastering the Art of Change: Managing Convergence and Upheaval." Harvard Business School Background Note 389-168, June 1989.
- 01 Apr 1989
- Conference Presentation
The Future of Bureaucracy and Hierarchy in Organizational Theory: A Report from the Field
By: R. M. Kanter
- February 1989 (Revised November 1991)
- Case
Science Technology Co.--1985
By: Thomas R. Piper
The CEO of a U.S. electronics firm is assessing the financial forecasts and the financing plan prepared by the chief financial officer. Given the cyclicality of the industry and the volatility of the firm's performance, the CEO is unsure as to the usefulness of...
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Keywords:
Risk and Uncertainty;
Change Management;
Industry Growth;
Forecasting and Prediction;
Financial Strategy;
Volatility;
Electronics Industry
Piper, Thomas R. "Science Technology Co.--1985." Harvard Business School Case 289-040, February 1989. (Revised November 1991.)
- January 1989
- Case
Benetton S.p.A.
Focuses on the strategic/organizational development of Benetton. Examines the organizational structure which has allowed the company to expand into a world scale company from its small entrepreneurial base. Examines the functional strategies which have allowed a huge...
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Keywords:
Marketing Strategy;
Organizational Structure;
Growth and Development;
Business Strategy;
Performance Effectiveness;
Fashion Industry;
Apparel and Accessories Industry
Stevenson, Howard H. "Benetton S.p.A." Harvard Business School Case 389-074, January 1989.
- December 1988
- Article
Ordinal Independence in Non-Linear Utility Theory
By: Jerry R. Green and Bruno Jullien
Individual behavior under uncertainty is characterized using a new axiom, ordinal independence, which is a weakened form of the von Neumann-Morgcnslern independence axiom. It states that if two distributions share a tail in common, then this tail can be modified...
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Keywords:
Preferences
Green, Jerry R., and Bruno Jullien. "Ordinal Independence in Non-Linear Utility Theory." Journal of Risk and Uncertainty 1, no. 4 (December 1988): 355–387.
- November 1988 (Revised January 1996)
- Case
Note on Management of Crisis
Intended to be used in cases dealing with crisis management and gives students a more theoretical perspective on leadership during volatile periods of business activity. Written to accompany the Lucky Stores case series.
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Kanter, Rosabeth M. "Note on Management of Crisis." Harvard Business School Case 389-054, November 1988. (Revised January 1996.)
- 1988
- Chapter
The Expected Utility of Playing a Game
By: A. E. Roth
Roth, A. E. "The Expected Utility of Playing a Game." In The Shapley Value: Essays in Honor of Lloyd S. Shapley, edited by A. E. Roth, 51–70. Cambridge University Press, 1988.
- Article
Beyond the Reach of the Invisible Hand: Impediments to Economic Activity, Market Failures, and Profitability
By: Dennis Yao
In this paper it is argued that failures of the competitive market are necessary conditions for supranormal profitability. Three fundamental causes of these market failures-production economies and sunk costs, transactions costs, and imperfect information-are developed...
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Keywords:
Economics;
Markets;
Failure;
Profit;
Cost;
Information;
Market Transactions;
Competition;
Strategy;
Production
Yao, Dennis. "Beyond the Reach of the Invisible Hand: Impediments to Economic Activity, Market Failures, and Profitability." Strategic Management Journal 9 (Summer 1988): 59–70. (Harvard users click here for full text.)
- June 1988
- Supplement
General Electric Co.: Jack Welch Question and Answer Session, October 28, 1987, Video
By: James L. Heskett
Jack Welch updates an MBA class on events which have taken place since 1984. Answers questions about his job and the task of leading a global company.
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Heskett, James L. "General Electric Co.: Jack Welch Question and Answer Session, October 28, 1987, Video." Harvard Business School Video Supplement 888-525, June 1988.
- May 1988 (Revised November 1990)
- Case
Airbus vs. Boeing (B): The Storm Intensifies
Discusses the growing competition faced by U.S. producers of civil aircraft due to the success and expanding product line of Airbus Industries. Designed to foster discussion of international trade policy as it affects producers in the industry and to encourage firm...
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Keywords:
Trade;
Policy;
Negotiation;
Competition;
Competitive Strategy;
Aerospace Industry;
United States
Salter, Malcolm S. "Airbus vs. Boeing (B): The Storm Intensifies." Harvard Business School Case 388-145, May 1988. (Revised November 1990.)
- March 1988
- Article
Tobin's q and the Importance of Focus in Firm Performance
By: Cynthia A. Montgomery and Birger Wernerfelt
Montgomery, Cynthia A., and Birger Wernerfelt. "Tobin's q and the Importance of Focus in Firm Performance." American Economic Review 78, no. 1 (March 1988).
- January 1988 (Revised May 1988)
- Case
General Motors' Asian Alliances
Describes all of General Motors' major alliances with Asian firms. These include Toyota, Fanuc, Isuzu, Daewoo, Suzuki, Nissan, and Hitachi. Students can discuss the rationale of each alliance, their risks, their management problems, and their likely evolution. Also...
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Keywords:
Joint Ventures;
Cost Management;
Globalized Firms and Management;
Problems and Challenges;
Alliances;
Risk and Uncertainty;
Adoption;
Corporate Strategy
Badaracco, Joseph L., Jr. "General Motors' Asian Alliances." Harvard Business School Case 388-094, January 1988. (Revised May 1988.)
- December 1987
- Case
John Hancock Financial Services: Sports Sponsorship
Senior corporate communications executives of a major financial services firm are reviewing the company's sports sponsorship program and are considering expanding it. Hancock already is the corporate sponsor of the Boston Marathon and has the opportunity to sponsor the...
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Greyser, Stephen A. "John Hancock Financial Services: Sports Sponsorship." Harvard Business School Case 588-051, December 1987.
- Article
'Making Book Against Oneself,' the Independence Axiom, and Non-Linear Utility Theory
By: Jerry R. Green
An individual with known preferences over lotteries can be led to accept random wealth distributions different from his initial endowment by a sequential process in which some uncertainty is resolved and he is offered a new lottery in place of the remaining...
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Green, Jerry R. "'Making Book Against Oneself,' the Independence Axiom, and Non-Linear Utility Theory." Quarterly Journal of Economics 102, no. 4 (November 1987): 785–796.
- October 1987 (Revised February 1992)
- Case
Motorola and Japan (A)
By: David B. Yoffie and John J. Coleman
In 1981, Motorola was reevaluating its strategy towards Japan. The firm had been successful in penetrating the Japanese market, and it was confronting increased Japanese competition at home. How it should respond and with what kind of organization were the central...
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Keywords:
Market Entry and Exit;
Standards;
Competition;
Corporate Strategy;
Telecommunications Industry;
Japan
Yoffie, David B., and John J. Coleman. "Motorola and Japan (A)." Harvard Business School Case 388-056, October 1987. (Revised February 1992.)
- April 1987 (Revised April 1987)
- Case
Tiberg Co.
By: Michael Beer and Daniel J. Isenberg
Describes the efforts of a vice president of purchasing to coordinate and centralize purchasing procedures in a multinational company. He encounters a lack of active cooperation. A rewritten version of an earlier case by G. Lombard.
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Keywords:
Cost Management;
Multinational Firms and Management;
Governance Controls;
Managerial Roles;
Organizational Change and Adaptation;
Organizational Design;
Power and Influence
Beer, Michael, and Daniel J. Isenberg. "Tiberg Co." Harvard Business School Case 487-079, April 1987. (Revised April 1987.)
- March 1987 (Revised July 1996)
- Case
Kansas City Zephyrs Baseball Club, Inc.
By: Kenneth A. Merchant, Krishna G. Palepu and Joseph P. Mulloy
Describes a dispute between the owners of the major league baseball teams and the players' union about the profitability of the baseball teams. The issue is important because of the ongoing collective bargaining negotiations. A consultant is brought in to decide...
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Keywords:
State Ownership;
Compensation and Benefits;
Entrepreneurship;
For-Profit Firms;
Accounting;
Activity Based Costing and Management;
Resource Allocation;
Cost Accounting;
Cost Management;
Labor and Management Relations;
Financial Management;
Sports;
Sports Industry;
Kansas
Merchant, Kenneth A., Krishna G. Palepu, and Joseph P. Mulloy. "Kansas City Zephyrs Baseball Club, Inc." Harvard Business School Case 187-088, March 1987. (Revised July 1996.)
- February 1987 (Revised August 1989)
- Background Note
United States Trade Law
By: David B. Yoffie
Examines the manner in which U.S. trade law and policy has evolved, with emphasis on trade in manufactured goods and services as well as the relationship between the executive and the legislature. The structure and content of U.S. trade law is discussed including a...
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Keywords:
Trade;
Machinery and Machining;
Policy;
Law Enforcement;
Outcome or Result;
Business and Government Relations;
United States
Yoffie, David B. "United States Trade Law." Harvard Business School Background Note 387-137, February 1987. (Revised August 1989.)
- February 1987 (Revised March 2006)
- Case
Arley Merchandise Corporation
Involves the initial public offering of a firm's stock. The offering includes a money-back guarantee to investors from the issuing firm which comes in the form of a "put" option. Option valuation is thus an important issue in this case.
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Keywords:
Initial Public Offering;
Stocks;
Cases;
Valuation;
Stock Options;
Apparel and Accessories Industry;
Service Industry
Fruhan, William E., Jr. "Arley Merchandise Corporation." Harvard Business School Case 287-063, February 1987. (Revised March 2006.)