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- Faculty Publications (119)
- September 1998 (Revised May 2004)
- Case
Becton Dickinson: Ethics and Business Practices (A)
By: Lynn S. Paine
Becton Dickinson's Global One-Company Operations Group must decide on the company's global policy on gifts, gratuities, and business entertainment. A central issue is whether the policy should be established centrally and made uniform worldwide or whether it should be...
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Keywords:
Policy;
Ethics;
Law;
Organizational Culture;
Business Strategy;
Philanthropy and Charitable Giving;
Global Strategy;
Trade;
Business or Company Management
Paine, Lynn S. "Becton Dickinson: Ethics and Business Practices (A)." Harvard Business School Case 399-055, September 1998. (Revised May 2004.)
- September 1998
- Case
Cooperating to Compete: EGS of Turkey
By: Pankaj Ghemawat and C. Fritz Foley
In the early 1980s, Turkey adopted policies that liberalized trade as a part of a structural adjustment program. Within the garment industry, small- and medium-scale enterprises were not well positioned to take advantage of the new opportunities to compete in...
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Keywords:
Trade;
Corporate Governance;
Policy;
Partners and Partnerships;
Competitive Strategy;
Diversification;
Turkey
Ghemawat, Pankaj, and C. Fritz Foley. "Cooperating to Compete: EGS of Turkey." Harvard Business School Case 799-024, September 1998.
- February 1998
- Case
Creating the International Trade Organization
By: David A. Moss, George R. Appling and Andrew D Archer
In the late 1940s, officials at the U.S. State Department began campaigning for the creation of an International Trade Organization (ITO). This new organization would oversee global negotiations on trade liberalization, foreign direct investment, cartels, and commodity...
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Keywords:
Mission and Purpose;
Trade;
Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms;
Policy;
Globalized Economies and Regions;
Agreements and Arrangements;
Foreign Direct Investment;
Economic Systems;
International Relations
Moss, David A., George R. Appling, and Andrew D Archer. "Creating the International Trade Organization." Harvard Business School Case 798-057, February 1998.
- February 1997 (Revised May 1998)
- Case
3M: Negotiating Air Pollution Credits (A)
By: Michael A. Wheeler and Thomas Dretler
A proposed trade of air pollution emission credits between 3M (now Imation) and Procter and Gamble is described. Though such trading is encouraged under federal environmental laws, 3M had adopted a company-wide policy against such deals. Procter and Gamble needs the...
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Keywords:
Conflict of Interests;
Negotiation Types;
Pollutants;
Negotiation Participants;
Laws and Statutes;
Policy;
Government and Politics;
United States
Wheeler, Michael A., and Thomas Dretler. "3M: Negotiating Air Pollution Credits (A)." Harvard Business School Case 897-134, February 1997. (Revised May 1998.)
- October 1996 (Revised December 2022)
- Case
Chiquita Brands International (A)
By: Debora L. Spar and Terence Mulligan
When a new banana import policy is implemented in 1993 by the European Union, Chiquita Brands International, the world's largest banana distributor, watches its sales and net income plummet. The policy, Council Regulation (EEC 404/93), uses a new tariff and quota...
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Keywords:
Plant-Based Agribusiness;
Trade;
Government and Politics;
Policy;
Market Design;
Fairness;
Agriculture and Agribusiness Industry;
Latin America;
European Union
Spar, Debora L., and Terence Mulligan. "Chiquita Brands International (A)." Harvard Business School Case 797-015, October 1996. (Revised December 2022.)
- Article
U.S. Multinationals in British Manufacturing before 1962
By: G. Jones and Frances Bostock
This article presents a new database on U.S. multinationals active in British manufacturing between 1907 and 1962. Britain was the largest European host economy for U.S. direct investment in manufacturing and the second largest host worldwide. This article identifies...
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Keywords:
Production;
Trade;
Foreign Direct Investment;
Research and Development;
Business Subsidiaries;
Policy;
Investment;
Manufacturing Industry;
United States;
Great Britain
Jones, G., and Frances Bostock. "U.S. Multinationals in British Manufacturing before 1962." Business History Review 70, no. 2 (Summer 1996): 207–256.
- June 1996 (Revised November 1996)
- Background Note
Economic Gains from Trade: Comparative Advantage
By: Robert E. Kennedy and Nancy F. Koehn
How nations trade and whether they benefit from it are two of the oldest and most important questions in political economy. In the 170 years since David Ricardo formally developed the theory of comparative advantage, it has become one of the principles most widely...
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Kennedy, Robert E., and Nancy F. Koehn. "Economic Gains from Trade: Comparative Advantage." Harvard Business School Background Note 796-183, June 1996. (Revised November 1996.)
- March 1996 (Revised January 2001)
- Case
Incidents in Trade Policy
By: Louis T. Wells Jr. and Courtenay Sprague
Discusses a series of incidents of conflict between the United States and foreign governments on trade.
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Keywords:
Trade;
Policy;
Agreements and Arrangements;
Conflict and Resolution;
Globalization;
Government and Politics;
United States
Wells, Louis T., Jr., and Courtenay Sprague. "Incidents in Trade Policy." Harvard Business School Case 796-140, March 1996. (Revised January 2001.)
- March 1996 (Revised June 1996)
- Case
Choices in U.S. Trade Policy
By: Louis T. Wells Jr. and Courtenay Sprague
Describes the moments leading to the conclusion of the Uruguay Round of international trade negotiations and the outcome of those negotiations. Discusses some of the options facing the Clinton Administration with respect to its international trade policy.
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Keywords:
Trade;
Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms;
Policy;
Negotiation;
Outcome or Result;
United States
Wells, Louis T., Jr., and Courtenay Sprague. "Choices in U.S. Trade Policy." Harvard Business School Case 796-117, March 1996. (Revised June 1996.)
- October 1995
- Case
Singapore TradeNet: Beyond TradeNet to the Intelligent Island
By: Lynda M. Applegate, John L. King and Soon-Siong Neo
Describes the actions taken by the government of Singapore to enable the country to survive and prosper after it achieved independence in the late 1960s. Recognizing that its small size, limited natural resources, but excellent location placed it in a vulnerable...
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Keywords:
Transition;
Communication Technology;
Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms;
Policy;
Digital Platforms;
Information Technology;
Technology Adoption;
Information Technology Industry;
Singapore
Applegate, Lynda M., John L. King, and Soon-Siong Neo. "Singapore TradeNet: Beyond TradeNet to the Intelligent Island." Harvard Business School Case 196-105, October 1995.
- November 1994 (Revised February 1997)
- Case
Levi Strauss & Co.: Global Sourcing (A)
By: Lynn S. Paine and Jane Palley Katz
In 1993, senior managers at Levi Strauss & Co., the world's largest brand-name apparel manufacturer, were deciding whether the company should have a business presence in China, given the human rights and other problems there. The China Policy Group has been asked to...
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Keywords:
Management Teams;
Decisions;
Management Skills;
Trade;
Brands and Branding;
Rights;
Ethics;
Foreign Direct Investment;
Apparel and Accessories Industry;
China
Paine, Lynn S., and Jane Palley Katz. "Levi Strauss & Co.: Global Sourcing (A)." Harvard Business School Case 395-127, November 1994. (Revised February 1997.)
- April 1994
- Case
Uruguay Round of the GATT: Choices in U.S. Trade Policy
Wells, Louis T., Jr. "Uruguay Round of the GATT: Choices in U.S. Trade Policy." Harvard Business School Case 794-133, April 1994.
- September 1993 (Revised October 1994)
- Case
Environment and International Trade
During the 1990s, environmental activists became interested in trade issues for the first time. Whereas GATT, the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade, had previously been the province of trade specialists, a new poster popular among environmentalists depicted the...
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Keywords:
Trade;
Environmental Sustainability;
Science-Based Business;
Policy;
Government and Politics;
Agreements and Arrangements;
Alliances;
Globalization;
International Relations;
Conflict of Interests
Reinhardt, Forest L. "Environment and International Trade." Harvard Business School Case 794-018, September 1993. (Revised October 1994.)
- February 1993 (Revised March 2003)
- Case
India (A)
By: Richard H.K. Vietor, Waleed J. Iskandar and Max L. Weston
Outlines India's import substitution strategy and its planned development process. The effects of the difficult political and social context on economic development are analyzed. The failure of the system to achieve sustainable growth and improvement leads to attempts...
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Keywords:
Strategy;
Ethnicity;
Development Economics;
Trade;
Economic Growth;
Policy;
Government and Politics;
India
Vietor, Richard H.K., Waleed J. Iskandar, and Max L. Weston. "India (A)." Harvard Business School Case 793-112, February 1993. (Revised March 2003.)
- 1992
- Chapter
Technology Challenges to Trade Policy
By: D. B. Yoffie
- May 1992 (Revised August 1993)
- Case
Forest Policy in Malaysia
The governments of Malaysia and the Malaysian State of Sarawak need to assess possible changes in forest policy. Environmentalist pressure threatens traditional market relationships and patterns of business-government interaction. Harvest regulations, subsidies, trade...
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Keywords:
Natural Environment;
Policy;
Government and Politics;
Environmental Sustainability;
Trade;
Business and Government Relations;
Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms;
Forestry Industry;
Forest Products Industry;
Malaysia
Reinhardt, Forest L. "Forest Policy in Malaysia." Harvard Business School Case 792-099, May 1992. (Revised August 1993.)
- March 1992 (Revised June 1993)
- Case
Lada do Brasil
By: James E. Austin and Helen Shapiro
In an effort to capitalize on the entrepreneurial opportunity presented by the Brazilian government's trade liberalization, a Panamanian automobile trading company launched a business of importing the Russian made Lada cars into Brazil. The company confronts a complex...
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Keywords:
Business Startups;
Transformation;
Economics;
Corporate Entrepreneurship;
Capital;
Policy;
Competition;
Auto Industry;
Brazil
Austin, James E., and Helen Shapiro. "Lada do Brasil." Harvard Business School Case 392-122, March 1992. (Revised June 1993.)
- February 1992 (Revised April 1995)
- Case
Pfizer: Global Protection of Intellectual Property
By: Lynn S. Paine and Michael Santoro
Top officials at Pfizer are assessing their strategy for improving protection of Pfizer's patents around the world. The outcome of the Uruguay Round of the GATT negotiations is uncertain, and it is not clear whether an acceptable intellectual property protection...
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Keywords:
Patents;
Trade;
Policy;
Government and Politics;
Business Strategy;
Agreements and Arrangements;
Alliances;
Cross-Cultural and Cross-Border Issues;
Pharmaceutical Industry;
United States;
Japan;
Europe
Paine, Lynn S., and Michael Santoro. "Pfizer: Global Protection of Intellectual Property." Harvard Business School Case 392-073, February 1992. (Revised April 1995.)
- July–September 1991
- Article
Strategic Trade Policies in a Tripolar World
By: Kenneth A. Froot and D. B. Yoffie
Froot, Kenneth A., and D. B. Yoffie. "Strategic Trade Policies in a Tripolar World." International Spectator 26, no. 3 (July–September 1991): 3–28. (Reprinted in The Political Economy of International Cooperation, NIRA Research Output, Vol. 5, No. 1, 1992.)
- March 1991
- Supplement
Zenith and High-Definition Television--1990, Video
By: Benjamin Gomes-Casseres and David B. Yoffie
Records a visit by Jerry Pearlman, Zenith CEO, to an MBA classroom. He is shown commenting on Zenith strategy and industrial policy issues and fielding student questions.
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Gomes-Casseres, Benjamin, and David B. Yoffie. "Zenith and High-Definition Television--1990, Video." Harvard Business School Video Supplement 891-513, March 1991.