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All HBS Web
(1,563)
- Faculty Publications (386)
- January 23, 2023
- Article
Digital Public Health Interventions at Scale: The Impact of Social Media Advertising on Beliefs and Outcomes Related to COVID Vaccines
By: Susan Athey, Kristen Grabarz, Michael Luca and Nils Wernerfelt
Public health organizations increasingly use social media advertising campaigns in pursuit of public health goals. In this paper, we evaluate the impact of about $40 million of social media advertisements that were run and experimentally tested on Facebook and...
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Keywords:
COVID-19 Pandemic;
Public Health;
Vaccines;
Social Media;
Advertising;
Power and Influence;
Health Care and Treatment
Athey, Susan, Kristen Grabarz, Michael Luca, and Nils Wernerfelt. "Digital Public Health Interventions at Scale: The Impact of Social Media Advertising on Beliefs and Outcomes Related to COVID Vaccines." e2208110120. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 120, no. 5 (January 23, 2023).
- 2023
- Article
Experimental Evaluation of Individualized Treatment Rules
By: Kosuke Imai and Michael Lingzhi Li
The increasing availability of individual-level data has led to numerous applications of individualized (or personalized) treatment rules (ITRs). Policy makers often wish to empirically evaluate ITRs and compare their relative performance before implementing them in a...
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Keywords:
Causal Inference;
Heterogeneous Treatment Effects;
Precision Medicine;
Uplift Modeling;
Analytics and Data Science;
AI and Machine Learning
Imai, Kosuke, and Michael Lingzhi Li. "Experimental Evaluation of Individualized Treatment Rules." Journal of the American Statistical Association 118, no. 541 (2023): 242–256.
- November 15, 2022
- Article
Using Simulations to Upskill Employees
By: Frank V. Cespedes, Trond Aas, Alex Hunt and Huw Newton-Hill
Reskilling employees tops the agenda in many organizations, according to a LinkedIn report. Korn Ferry estimates an 85-million person talent shortage by 2030, and McKinsey likens the challenge to the shift from agricultural to manufacturing work that occurred in the...
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Keywords:
Employee Engagement;
Managing People;
Talent Development;
Training;
Human Capital;
Experience and Expertise;
Talent and Talent Management;
Retention;
Personal Development and Career
Cespedes, Frank V., Trond Aas, Alex Hunt, and Huw Newton-Hill. "Using Simulations to Upskill Employees." Harvard Business Review (website) (November 15, 2022).
- November 2022
- Article
Impacts of Micromobility on Car Displacement with Evidence from a Natural Experiment and Geofencing Policy
By: Omar Isaac Asensio, Camila Apablaza, M. Cade Lawson, Edward W Chen and Savannah J Horner
Micromobility, such as electric scooters and electric bikes—an estimated US$300 billion global market by 2030—will accelerate electrification efforts and fundamentally change urban mobility patterns. However, the impacts of micromobility adoption on traffic congestion...
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Asensio, Omar Isaac, Camila Apablaza, M. Cade Lawson, Edward W Chen, and Savannah J Horner. "Impacts of Micromobility on Car Displacement with Evidence from a Natural Experiment and Geofencing Policy." Nature Energy 7, no. 11 (November 2022): 1100–1108.
- October 2022
- Article
It’s Not Just the Prices: Time-Driven Activity-Based Costing for Initiation of Veno-Venous Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation at Three International Sites—A Case Review
By: Michael Nurok, Vin Pellegrino, Marc Pineton de Chambrun, Jonathan Warsh, Meredith Young, Erik Dong, Neil Parrish, Syed Shehab, Alain Combes and Robert S. Kaplan
The United States spends more for intensive care units (ICUs) than do other high-income countries. We used time-driven activity-based costing (TDABC) to analyze ICU costs for initiation of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) for respiratory failure to estimate...
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Keywords:
Healthcare;
Cost;
Time-Driven ABC;
Health Care and Treatment;
Cost Management;
Activity Based Costing and Management;
Health Industry
Nurok, Michael, Vin Pellegrino, Marc Pineton de Chambrun, Jonathan Warsh, Meredith Young, Erik Dong, Neil Parrish, Syed Shehab, Alain Combes, and Robert S. Kaplan. "It’s Not Just the Prices: Time-Driven Activity-Based Costing for Initiation of Veno-Venous Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation at Three International Sites—A Case Review." Anesthesia & Analgesia 135, no. 4 (October 2022): 711–718.
- October, 2022
- Article
The Economic Dynamics of Competing Power Generation Sources
By: Gunther Glenk and Stefan Reichelstein
Competing power generation sources have experienced considerable shifts in both their revenue potential and their costs in recent years. Here we introduce the concept of Levelized Profit Margins (LPM) to capture the changing unit economics of both intermittent and...
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Keywords:
Renewable Energy;
Intermittant;
Cost Accounting;
Profitability Analysis;
Learning-by-doing;
Cannibalization Effect;
Energy;
Environmental Management;
Investment;
Operations;
Technological Innovation;
Energy Industry;
Utilities Industry;
Industrial Products Industry;
Manufacturing Industry;
Europe;
North America;
South America;
Africa;
Asia
Glenk, Gunther, and Stefan Reichelstein. "The Economic Dynamics of Competing Power Generation Sources." Art. 112758. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 168 (October, 2022).
- September 2022
- Technical Note
Addressing Social Determinants of Health in the American Landscape
By: Susanna Gallani and Jacob Riegler
Social determinants of health (SDOH) have gained significant attention in recent years. A growing body of research shows that a person’s health is influenced by a large number of non-genetic factors, most of which operate outside the realm of health care and are...
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Keywords:
Socioeconomic Determinants Of Health;
Social Determinants Of Health;
Population Health;
Health;
Health Care and Treatment;
Social Issues;
Health Industry;
Insurance Industry;
Medical Devices and Supplies Industry;
United States
Gallani, Susanna, and Jacob Riegler. "Addressing Social Determinants of Health in the American Landscape." Harvard Business School Technical Note 123-023, September 2022.
- September 2022
- Article
Giving a Buck or Making a Buck? Donations by Pharmaceutical Manufacturers to Independent Patient Assistance Charities
By: Leemore Dafny, Christopher Ody and Teresa Rokos
The federal Anti-Kickback Statute prohibits biopharmaceutical manufacturers from directly covering Medicare enrollees’ out-of-pocket spending for the drugs they manufacture, but manufacturers may donate to independent patient assistance charities and earmark donations...
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Keywords:
Cost Sharing;
Prescription Drugs;
Drug Spending;
Medicare;
Dual Eligibility;
Cost;
Health Care and Treatment;
Philanthropy and Charitable Giving;
Pharmaceutical Industry
Dafny, Leemore, Christopher Ody, and Teresa Rokos. "Giving a Buck or Making a Buck? Donations by Pharmaceutical Manufacturers to Independent Patient Assistance Charities." Health Affairs 41, no. 9 (September 2022).
- 2022
- Working Paper
Slowly Varying Regression under Sparsity
By: Dimitris Bertsimas, Vassilis Digalakis Jr, Michael Lingzhi Li and Omar Skali Lami
We consider the problem of parameter estimation in slowly varying regression models with sparsity constraints. We formulate the problem as a mixed integer optimization problem and demonstrate that it can be reformulated exactly as a binary convex optimization problem...
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Keywords:
Mathematical Methods
Bertsimas, Dimitris, Vassilis Digalakis Jr, Michael Lingzhi Li, and Omar Skali Lami. "Slowly Varying Regression under Sparsity." Working Paper, September 2022.
- September 2022
- Article
The Impact of Financial Assistance Programs on Health Care Utilization: Evidence from Kaiser Permanente
By: Alyce S. Adams, Raymond Kluender, Neale Mahoney, Jinglin Wang, Francis Wong and Wesley Yin
Most hospitals have financial assistance programs for low-income patients. We use administrative data from Kaiser Permanente to study the effects of financial assistance on health care utilization. Using a regression discontinuity design based on an income threshold...
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Keywords:
Healthcare;
Utilization;
Financial Assistance;
Health Care and Treatment;
Social Issues;
Poverty;
Health Industry
Adams, Alyce S., Raymond Kluender, Neale Mahoney, Jinglin Wang, Francis Wong, and Wesley Yin. "The Impact of Financial Assistance Programs on Health Care Utilization: Evidence from Kaiser Permanente." American Economic Review: Insights 4, no. 3 (September 2022): 389–407.
- 2022
- Working Paper
The Effect of Employee Lateness and Absenteeism on Store Performance
By: Caleb Kwon and Ananth Raman
We empirically analyze the effects of employee lateness and absenteeism on store performance by examining 25.5 million employee shift timecards covering more than 100,000 employees across more than 500 U.S. retail grocery store locations over a four year time period....
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Kwon, Caleb, and Ananth Raman. "The Effect of Employee Lateness and Absenteeism on Store Performance." Working Paper, August 2022.
- 2024
- Working Paper
Measurement and Effects of Bank Exit Policies
By: Daniel Green and Boris Vallée
We study whether exit policies by financial institutions have financial and real consequences on the firms they target, using bank coal exit policies as a laboratory. In contrast to theories assuming high capital substitutability, we find large effects of these...
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Keywords:
Coal Power;
Climate Change;
Investment;
Environmental Sustainability;
Policy;
Financing and Loans;
Energy Industry;
Banking Industry
Green, Daniel, and Boris Vallée. "Measurement and Effects of Bank Exit Policies." Working Paper, January 2024. (Revise and Resubmit at the Journal of Financial Economics.)
- July 2022
- Article
Countercyclical Prudential Buffers and Bank Risk-taking
By: Manuel Illueca, Lars Norden, Joseph Pacelli and Gregory F. Udell
We investigate the effects of countercyclical prudential buffers on bank risk-taking. We exploit the introduction of dynamic loan loss provisioning in Spain, mandating that banks use historical average loss rates in their estimation of loan loss provisions. We find...
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Keywords:
Banks;
Bank Regulation;
Macroprudential Policies;
Bank Lending;
Loan Loss Provisioning;
Risk Taking;
Banks and Banking;
Financing and Loans;
Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms;
Risk and Uncertainty
Illueca, Manuel, Lars Norden, Joseph Pacelli, and Gregory F. Udell. "Countercyclical Prudential Buffers and Bank Risk-taking." Art. 100961. Journal of Financial Intermediation 51 (July 2022).
- 2022
- Working Paper
Banking on Transparency for the Poor: Experimental Evidence from India
By: Erica M. Field, Natalia Rigol, Charity M. Troyer Moore, Rohini Pande and Simone G. Schaner
Do information frictions limit the benefits of financial inclusion drives for the rural poor? We evaluate an experimental intervention among recently banked poor Indian women receiving government cash transfers via direct deposit. Treated women were provided automated...
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Field, Erica M., Natalia Rigol, Charity M. Troyer Moore, Rohini Pande, and Simone G. Schaner. "Banking on Transparency for the Poor: Experimental Evidence from India." NBER Working Paper Series, No. 30289, July 2022.
- July 2022
- Article
The Passionate Pygmalion Effect: Passionate Employees Attain Better Outcomes in Part Because of More Preferential Treatment by Others
By: Ke Wang, Erica R. Bailey and Jon M. Jachimowicz
Employees are increasingly exhorted to “pursue their passion” at work. Inherent in this call is the belief that passion will produce higher performance because it promotes intrapersonal processes that propel employees forward. Here, we suggest that the pervasiveness of...
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Keywords:
Passion;
Self-fufilling Prophecy;
Lay Beliefs;
Interpersonal Processes;
Employees;
Performance;
Attitudes;
Organizational Culture;
Social Psychology
Wang, Ke, Erica R. Bailey, and Jon M. Jachimowicz. "The Passionate Pygmalion Effect: Passionate Employees Attain Better Outcomes in Part Because of More Preferential Treatment by Others." Journal of Experimental Social Psychology 101 (July 2022).
- June 2022
- Article
The Welfare Effects of Peer Entry in the Accommodation Market: The Case of Airbnb and the Accommodation Industry
By: Chiara Farronato and Andrey Fradkin
We study the effects of enabling peer supply through Airbnb in the accommodation industry. We present a model of competition between flexible and dedicated sellers—peer hosts and hotels—who provide differentiated products. We estimate this model using data from major...
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Keywords:
Peer To Peer;
Airbnb;
Digital Platforms;
Market Entry and Exit;
Competition;
Accommodations Industry
Farronato, Chiara, and Andrey Fradkin. "The Welfare Effects of Peer Entry in the Accommodation Market: The Case of Airbnb and the Accommodation Industry." American Economic Review 112, no. 6 (June 2022): 1782–1817.
- 2022
- Working Paper
Causal Inference During A Pandemic: Evidence on the Effectiveness of Nebulized Ibuprofen as an Unproven Treatment for COVID-19 in Argentina
By: Sebastian Calonico, Rafael Di Tella and Juan Cruz Lopez Del Valle
Many medical decisions during the pandemic were made without the support of causal evidence obtained in clinical trials. We study the case of nebulized ibuprofen (NaIHS), a drug that was extensively used on COVID-19 patients in Argentina amidst wild claims about its...
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Keywords:
COVID-19;
Drug Treatment;
Health Pandemics;
Health Care and Treatment;
Decision Making;
Outcome or Result;
Argentina
Calonico, Sebastian, Rafael Di Tella, and Juan Cruz Lopez Del Valle. "Causal Inference During A Pandemic: Evidence on the Effectiveness of Nebulized Ibuprofen as an Unproven Treatment for COVID-19 in Argentina." NBER Working Paper Series, No. 30084, May 2022.
- Article
How Much Should We Trust Staggered Difference-In-Differences Estimates?
By: Andrew C. Baker, David F. Larcker and Charles C.Y. Wang
We explain when and how staggered difference-in-differences regression estimators, commonly applied to assess the impact of policy changes, are biased. These biases are likely to be relevant for a large portion of research settings in finance, accounting, and law that...
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Keywords:
Difference In Differences;
Staggered Difference-in-differences Designs;
Generalized Difference-in-differences;
Dynamic Treatment Effects;
Mathematical Methods
Baker, Andrew C., David F. Larcker, and Charles C.Y. Wang. "How Much Should We Trust Staggered Difference-In-Differences Estimates?" Journal of Financial Economics 144, no. 2 (May 2022): 370–395. (Editor's Choice, May 2022; Jensen Prize, First Place, June 2023.)
- 2022
- Working Paper
Reputation Burning: Analyzing the Impact of Brand Sponsorship on Social Influencers
By: Magie Cheng and Shunyuan Zhang
The growth of the influencer marketing industry warrants an empirical examination of the effect of posting sponsored videos on an influencer’s reputation. We collect a novel dataset of user-generated YouTube videos created by prominent English-speaking influencers in...
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Keywords:
Influencer Marketing;
Social Influencers;
Brand;
Sponsorship;
Video Analytics;
Marketing;
Brands and Branding;
Media;
Reputation
Cheng, Magie, and Shunyuan Zhang. "Reputation Burning: Analyzing the Impact of Brand Sponsorship on Social Influencers." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 22-067, April 2022.
- April 18, 2022
- Article
Will mRNA Technology Companies Spawn Innovation Ecosystems?
By: Christoph Grimpe, Timo Minssen, W. Nicholson Price, II and Ariel Dora Stern
The mRNA technologies that helped rapidly create effective COVID-19 vaccines could become technology platform businesses, which has tremendous implications for players in the world of drug development. These platforms could attract other companies interested in...
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Keywords:
Health Care;
Digital Health;
Technology;
Innovation;
Health Care and Treatment;
Technological Innovation;
Digital Transformation;
Health Industry;
United States
Grimpe, Christoph, Timo Minssen, W. Nicholson Price, II, and Ariel Dora Stern. "Will mRNA Technology Companies Spawn Innovation Ecosystems?" Harvard Business Review (website) (April 18, 2022).