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- Faculty Publications (154)
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All HBS Web
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- Faculty Publications (154)
- Article
Eliminating Unintended Bias in Personalized Policies Using Bias-Eliminating Adapted Trees (BEAT)
By: Eva Ascarza and Ayelet Israeli
An inherent risk of algorithmic personalization is disproportionate targeting of individuals from certain groups (or demographic characteristics such as gender or race), even when the decision maker does not intend to discriminate based on those “protected”... View Details
Keywords:
Algorithm Bias;
Personalization;
Targeting;
Generalized Random Forests (GRF);
Discrimination;
Customization and Personalization;
Decision Making;
Fairness;
Mathematical Methods
Ascarza, Eva, and Ayelet Israeli. "Eliminating Unintended Bias in Personalized Policies Using Bias-Eliminating Adapted Trees (BEAT)." e2115126119. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 119, no. 11 (March 8, 2022).
- Article
Costs Without Value When Treating Pediatric Behavioral Patients in the ED
By: Marcella Jewell, Syed S. Shehab, Robert S. Kaplan, Jack Fanton and Joeli Hettler
Pediatric Emergency Department (ED) visits have greatly increased in recent years. An academic pediatric ED that annually treats about 1,000 behavioral health patients conducted a study to assess the true cost of caring for nonacute behavioral health patients. It...
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Jewell, Marcella, Syed S. Shehab, Robert S. Kaplan, Jack Fanton, and Joeli Hettler. "Costs Without Value When Treating Pediatric Behavioral Patients in the ED." NEJM Catalyst Innovations in Care Delivery 3, no. 2 (February 2022).
- January 2022
- Article
Artificial Intelligence, Data-Driven Learning, and the Decentralized Structure of Platform Ecosystems
By: David R. Clough and Andy Wu
Gregory, Henfridsson, Kaganer, and Kyriakou (2020) highlight the important role of data and AI as strategic resources that platforms may use to enhance user value. However, their article overlooks a significant conceptual distinction: the installed base of...
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Keywords:
Artificial Intelligence;
Data Strategy;
Ecosystem;
Value Capture;
Digital Platforms;
Analytics and Data Science;
Strategy;
Learning;
Value Creation;
AI and Machine Learning;
Technology Industry;
Information Technology Industry;
Video Game Industry;
Advertising Industry
Clough, David R., and Andy Wu. "Artificial Intelligence, Data-Driven Learning, and the Decentralized Structure of Platform Ecosystems." Academy of Management Review 47, no. 1 (January 2022): 184–189.
- Article
Geographic Mobility, Immobility, and Geographic Flexibility—A Review and Agenda for Research on the Changing Geography of Work
I review and integrate a wide range of literature that has examined how geographic mobility of high-skilled workers creates value for organizations and individuals. Drawing on this interdisciplinary literature, I document that geographic mobility creates value by...
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Keywords:
Geographic Mobility;
Frictions;
Work-from-anywhere;
Employees;
Geographic Location;
Organizational Change and Adaptation
Choudhury, Prithwiraj. "Geographic Mobility, Immobility, and Geographic Flexibility—A Review and Agenda for Research on the Changing Geography of Work." Academy of Management Annals 16, no. 1 (January 2022): 258–296.
- 2022
- Working Paper
The Fed and the Secular Decline in Interest Rates
In this paper I document a striking fact: a narrow window around Fed meetings fully captures the secular decline in U.S. Treasury yields since 1980. By contrast, yield movements outside this window are transitory and wash out over time. This is surprising because the...
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Keywords:
United States Treasury;
Monetary Policy;
Yield Curve;
Central Banking;
Interest Rates;
Valuation
Hillenbrand, Sebastian. "The Fed and the Secular Decline in Interest Rates." Working Paper, January 2022.
- Article
The Translucent Hand of Managed Ecosystems: Engaging Communities for Value Creation and Capture
By: Elizabeth J. Altman, Frank Nagle and Michael Tushman
Management research has increasingly explored the domains of ecosystems, platforms, and open/user/distributed innovation—governance structures focused on engaging with external communities. While these research areas include substantial empirical and theoretical work...
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Keywords:
Ecosystems;
Platforms;
Open And User Innovation Strategy;
Capabilities;
Governance;
Innovation Strategy;
Organizational Change and Adaptation;
Value Creation
Altman, Elizabeth J., Frank Nagle, and Michael Tushman. "The Translucent Hand of Managed Ecosystems: Engaging Communities for Value Creation and Capture." Academy of Management Annals 16, no. 1 (January 2022): 70–101.
- 2021
- Working Paper
Stock Investors' Returns Are Exaggerated
By: Jesse M. Fried, Paul Ma and Charles C.Y. Wang
The stock market generates less wealth than it appears. We show that total shareholder return (TSR), the standard measure of stock investor performance, substantially exaggerates returns earned by these investors in aggregate, and thus by most investors. The main...
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Keywords:
All-shareholder Returns;
Capital Flows;
Dividend Reinvestment;
Equity Premium;
Total Shareholder Returns;
Stocks;
Investment Return;
Market Timing
Fried, Jesse M., Paul Ma, and Charles C.Y. Wang. "Stock Investors' Returns Are Exaggerated." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 22-036, November 2021.
- November 2021
- Article
Panel Experiments and Dynamic Causal Effects: A Finite Population Perspective
By: Iavor Bojinov, Ashesh Rambachan and Neil Shephard
In panel experiments, we randomly assign units to different interventions, measuring their outcomes, and repeating the procedure in several periods. Using the potential outcomes framework, we define finite population dynamic causal effects that capture the relative...
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Keywords:
Panel Data;
Dynamic Causal Effects;
Potential Outcomes;
Finite Population;
Nonparametric;
Mathematical Methods
Bojinov, Iavor, Ashesh Rambachan, and Neil Shephard. "Panel Experiments and Dynamic Causal Effects: A Finite Population Perspective." Quantitative Economics 12, no. 4 (November 2021): 1171–1196.
- October 2021
- Article
Overcoming the Cold Start Problem of CRM Using a Probabilistic Machine Learning Approach
By: Nicolas Padilla and Eva Ascarza
The success of Customer Relationship Management (CRM) programs ultimately depends on the firm's ability to understand consumers' preferences and precisely capture how these preferences may differ across customers. Only by understanding customer heterogeneity, firms can...
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Keywords:
Customer Management;
Targeting;
Deep Exponential Families;
Probabilistic Machine Learning;
Cold Start Problem;
Customer Relationship Management;
Programs;
Consumer Behavior;
Analysis
Padilla, Nicolas, and Eva Ascarza. "Overcoming the Cold Start Problem of CRM Using a Probabilistic Machine Learning Approach." Journal of Marketing Research (JMR) 58, no. 5 (October 2021): 981–1006.
- September 2021 (Revised October 2021)
- Case
Tesla's Uncertain Fate as EV Race Accelerates
By: David Collis and Haisley Wert
By September 2021, Tesla had a staggering market cap of $755 billion. As the leader of the automobile industry, Tesla’s worth surpassed that of the six largest runner-ups combined, including Toyota, Volkswagen, BYD, Daimler, Great Wall Motors, and General Motors. As...
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Keywords:
Electric Vehicles;
Strategy;
Corporate Strategy;
Valuation;
Competitive Advantage;
Value Creation;
Auto Industry
Collis, David, and Haisley Wert. "Tesla's Uncertain Fate as EV Race Accelerates." Harvard Business School Case 722-368, September 2021. (Revised October 2021.)
- August 2021 (Revised April 2022)
- Case
Intenseye: Powering Workplace Health and Safety with AI
By: Michael W. Toffel and Youssef Abdel Aal
Intenseye was a Turkey-based technology startup that deployed machine learning algorithms to workplace camera feeds in order to identify unsafe worker actions and unsafe working conditions, in order to help improve worker safety. The case describes how Intenseye’s...
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Keywords:
Privacy;
Product Development;
Operations;
Technological Innovation;
Value Creation;
Production;
Distribution;
Safety;
Risk and Uncertainty;
Technology Industry;
Manufacturing Industry;
Distribution Industry;
Turkey;
Middle East;
United States
Toffel, Michael W., and Youssef Abdel Aal. "Intenseye: Powering Workplace Health and Safety with AI." Harvard Business School Case 622-037, August 2021. (Revised April 2022.)
- August 2021 (Revised March 2022)
- Case
Camera IQ and the Metaverse: Building Augmented Reality Brand Experiences
By: Jill Avery and Rayan Nahas
Camera IQ, a camera marketing software company that empowered brands to create and launch augmented reality experiences (AREs) across social platforms, had just raised an additional $5 million to fund further product development and expand its marketing and sales...
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Keywords:
Brand Management;
Virtual Reality;
Augmented Reality;
B2B;
Technology Platform;
Marketing;
Marketing Communications;
Marketing Strategy;
Brands and Branding;
Digital Marketing;
Internet and the Web;
Growth Management;
Customer Relationship Management;
Customer Value and Value Chain;
Social Media;
E-commerce;
Applications and Software;
Digital Platforms;
Advertising Industry;
United States
Avery, Jill, and Rayan Nahas. "Camera IQ and the Metaverse: Building Augmented Reality Brand Experiences." Harvard Business School Case 522-002, August 2021. (Revised March 2022.)
- 2023
- Working Paper
Standing on the Shoulders of Science
By: Joshua Lev Krieger, Monika Schnitzer and Martin Watzinger
Today’s innovations rely on scientific discoveries of the past, yet only some corporate
R&D builds directly on scientific output. In this paper, we analyze U.S. patents to
investigate how firms generate value by building on prior art “closer” to science. We
show...
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Krieger, Joshua Lev, Monika Schnitzer, and Martin Watzinger. "Standing on the Shoulders of Science." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 21-128, June 2021. (Revised September 2023. Forthcoming in Strategic Management Journal.)
- April 2021
- Case
ClearChoice Dental Implant Centers
By: Robert S. Kaplan, Ashiana Jivraj and Jane Barrow
The case illustrates the application of value-based health care to dental medicine. ClearChoice Dental Implant Centers was a rapidly-growing network of dentist-owned independent implant clinics. The targeted market included 23 million people, 15% of the US adult...
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Keywords:
Value-based Health Care;
Dental Medicine;
Growth and Development Strategy;
Expansion;
Business Strategy;
Customer Value and Value Chain;
Customer Focus and Relationships;
Health Industry;
United States
Kaplan, Robert S., Ashiana Jivraj, and Jane Barrow. "ClearChoice Dental Implant Centers." Harvard Business School Case 121-082, April 2021.
- April 2021
- Article
Today's Surgeon Compensation Models Fall Short: Aligning Incentives to Create More Equitable and Value-based Compensation Models
By: Susanna Gallani, Mary Witkowski, Lauren Haskins, Haley Jeffcoat, Vinita Mujumdar and Frank Opelka
Modern medicine is undergoing a transformation that involves innovative surgical approaches, increased medical treatment options, clinical care pathways that require collaboration beyond hospital walls, and health data captured by electronic health records and other...
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Keywords:
Physician Compensation;
Surgeons;
Health Care and Treatment;
Business Model;
Compensation and Benefits
Gallani, Susanna, Mary Witkowski, Lauren Haskins, Haley Jeffcoat, Vinita Mujumdar, and Frank Opelka. "Today's Surgeon Compensation Models Fall Short: Aligning Incentives to Create More Equitable and Value-based Compensation Models." Bulletin of the American College of Surgeons 106, no. 4 (April 2021): 33–39.
- March 2021 (Revised January 2022)
- Case
Philips: Redefining Telehealth
By: Regina E. Herzlinger, Alec Petersen, Natalie Kindred and Sara M. McKinley
As one of the world’s largest healthcare companies, Philips sought to reach beyond the walls of the hospital and expand its hospital-to-home program to gain future competitive advantage through technology solutions combining predictive analytics with care delivery. By...
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Keywords:
Health Care;
Philips;
Visicu;
Telemedicine;
eICU;
Accountable Care Organization;
ACO;
Bundled Payment;
Hospital To Home;
Patient Monitoring Devices;
Home Health Care;
Health Care and Treatment;
Communication Technology;
Quality;
Safety;
Performance Productivity;
Performance Capacity;
Performance Efficiency;
Consumer Behavior;
Emerging Markets;
Health Industry;
Telecommunications Industry;
Netherlands
Herzlinger, Regina E., Alec Petersen, Natalie Kindred, and Sara M. McKinley. "Philips: Redefining Telehealth." Harvard Business School Case 321-135, March 2021. (Revised January 2022.) (As companion reading for this case, see: Regina E. Herzlinger and Charles Huang. "Note on Bundled Payment in Health Care," HBS Background Note 312-032.)
- September 2020
- Teaching Note
TransDigm in 2017: The Beginning of the End or the End of the Beginning?
By: Benjamin C. Esty and Daniel Fisher
Teaching Note for HBS Case No. 720-422. TransDigm was a highly acquisitive company that manufactured a wide range of highly engineered aerospace parts for both military and commercial customers. Over the ten years ending in 2016, its stock price had increase ten times,...
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Keywords:
Value Capturing;
Pricing Strategy;
Supplier Power;
Buyer Power;
Porter's Five Forces;
Bargaining Power;
Monopoly;
Aerospace;
Acquisition Strategy;
Value Drivers;
Ethical Behavior;
Regulation;
Growth Strategy;
Business Ethics;
Defense;
Procurement;
Sustainability;
Value-Based Business Strategy;
Acquisition;
Ethics;
Private Equity;
Financial Strategy;
Growth Management;
Performance Evaluation;
Business Strategy;
Competitive Strategy;
Horizontal Integration;
Value Creation;
Competitive Advantage;
Aerospace Industry;
Air Transportation Industry;
United States
- 2020
- Working Paper
Design Rules, Volume 2: How Technology Shapes Organizations: Chapter 7 The Value Structure of Technologies, Part 2: Strategy without Numbers
Functional analysis as set forth in the last chapter decomposes a technical system into functional components that do things to advance the system’s purpose and the goals of its designers. Functional analysis in turn can be used to construct value structure maps...
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Keywords:
Modularity;
Value Structure Mapping;
Value Capture;
Information Technology;
Organizations;
Strategy;
Value Creation
Baldwin, Carliss Y. "Design Rules, Volume 2: How Technology Shapes Organizations: Chapter 7 The Value Structure of Technologies, Part 2: Strategy without Numbers." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 21-040, September 2020.
- June 2020
- Supplement
TransDigm in 2017: Congressional Hearing on the DoD Inspector General’s Report (5/15/19)
By: Benjamin C. Esty
This video accompanies the case, “TransDigm in 2017: The Beginning of the End or the End of the Beginning?”
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Keywords:
Value Capturing;
Pricing Strategy;
Supplier Power;
Buyer Power;
Porter's Five Forces;
Bargaining Power;
Monopoly;
Aerospace;
Acquisition Strategy;
Value Drivers;
Ethical Behavior;
Regulation;
Growth Strategy;
Business Ethics;
Defense;
Procurement;
Sustainability;
Value Based Health Care;
Acquisition;
Ethics;
Private Equity;
Financial Strategy;
Growth Management;
Performance Evaluation;
Business Strategy;
Competitive Strategy;
Horizontal Integration;
Value Creation;
Competitive Advantage;
Aerospace Industry;
Air Transportation Industry;
United States
Esty, Benjamin C. "TransDigm in 2017: Congressional Hearing on the DoD Inspector General’s Report (5/15/19)." Harvard Business School Multimedia/Video Supplement 720-856, June 2020.
- May 2020
- Teaching Note
Edward Jones: Implementing the Solutions Approach
By: David J. Collis
Teaching Note for HBS Case No. 719-411.Updates the classic Edward Jones strategy case as the firm shifts to a new "Solutions" business model from its previous "product" model in response to changes in the brokerage industry, technology and demographics, and its own...
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