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- Faculty Publications (63)
- 2020
- Working Paper
Digital Experimentation and Startup Performance: Evidence from A/B Testing
By: Rembrand Koning, Sharique Hasan and Aaron Chatterji
Recent work argues that experimentation is the appropriate framework for entrepreneurial strategy. We investigate this proposition by exploiting the time-varying adoption of A/B testing technology, which has drastically reduced the cost of experimentally testing...
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Keywords:
Experimentation;
A/B Testing;
Data-driven Decision-making;
Entrepreneurship;
Strategy;
Business Startups;
Information Technology;
Performance
Koning, Rembrand, Sharique Hasan, and Aaron Chatterji. "Digital Experimentation and Startup Performance: Evidence from A/B Testing." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 20-018, August 2019. (Revised September 2020. SSRN Working Paper Series, No. 3440291, August 2019)
- January 2019 (Revised February 2024)
- Teaching Note
Hubble Contact Lenses: Data Driven Direct-to-Consumer Marketing
By: Ayelet Israeli
Teaching Note for HBS No. 519-011. As its Series A extension round approaches, the founders of Hubble, a subscription-based, social-media fueled, direct-to-consumer (DTC) brand of contact lenses, are reflecting on the marketing strategies that have taken them to a...
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Keywords:
DTC;
Direct To Consumer Marketing;
Health Care;
Mobile;
Attribution;
Experimentation;
Experiments;
Churn/retention;
Customer Lifetime Value;
Internet Marketing;
Big Data;
Analytics;
A/B Testing;
CRM;
Advertising;
Marketing;
Marketing Channels;
Marketing Strategy;
Media;
Brands and Branding;
Marketing Communications;
Digital Marketing;
Acquisition;
Growth and Development Strategy;
Customer Focus and Relationships;
Consumer Behavior;
Social Media;
E-commerce
- 2019
- Working Paper
Design Rules, Volume 2: How Technology Shapes Organizations: Chapter 13 Platform Systems vs. Step Processes—The Value of Options and the Power of Modularity
This is the first chapter in Part 3. Its purpose is to contrast the value structure of platform systems with step processes from a technological perspective. I first review the basic technical architecture of computers and argue that every computer is inherently a...
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Keywords:
Platform Systems;
Step Processes;
Computer Architecture;
Modularity;
Information Technology;
Digital Platforms
Baldwin, Carliss Y. "Design Rules, Volume 2: How Technology Shapes Organizations: Chapter 13 Platform Systems vs. Step Processes—The Value of Options and the Power of Modularity." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 19-073, January 2019.
- January 2019
- Supplement
Understanding the Brand Equity of Nestlé Crunch Bar (B): Data Analysis
By: Jill Avery and Gerald Zaltman
In early 2018, Nestlé announced the sale of its U.S. candy-making division and a select collection of 20 of its confectionery brands, including the Nestlé Crunch Bar, to Ferrero SpA for $2.8 billion. Luckily, an old consumer research study on the Nestlé Crunch Bar...
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Keywords:
Brand Management;
Market Research;
Brand Positioning;
Value Proposition;
Consumer Products;
Fast Moving Consumer Goods;
Qualitative Methods;
Zaltman Metaphor Elicitation Technique;
ZMET;
Data Analysis;
Marketing;
Marketing Strategy;
Brands and Branding;
Consumer Behavior;
Marketing Communications;
Analytics and Data Science;
Analysis;
Consumer Products Industry;
Food and Beverage Industry;
Advertising Industry;
United States;
North America;
Italy
Avery, Jill, and Gerald Zaltman. "Understanding the Brand Equity of Nestlé Crunch Bar (B): Data Analysis." Harvard Business School Supplement 519-062, January 2019.
- January 2019 (Revised October 2019)
- Case
Rural Taobao: Alibaba's Expansion into Rural E-Commerce
By: Tarun Khanna, Ryan Allen, Adam Frost and Wesley Koo
Alibaba's Rural Taobao initiative had been launched in 2014 as a public service initiative to increase e-commerce adoption in China’s remote rural areas. In the first two iterations of the initiative, dubbed “1.0” and “2.0,” Alibaba had partnered with local businesses...
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Keywords:
Strategy;
Business Growth;
Ecommerce;
Corporate Social Responsibility;
Business And Government;
Emerging Market;
Digital Platforms;
Internet and the Web;
Emerging Markets;
Rural Scope;
Growth and Development Strategy;
Competitive Strategy;
Corporate Social Responsibility and Impact;
Business and Government Relations;
Decision Making;
E-commerce;
China
Khanna, Tarun, Ryan Allen, Adam Frost, and Wesley Koo. "Rural Taobao: Alibaba's Expansion into Rural E-Commerce." Harvard Business School Case 719-433, January 2019. (Revised October 2019.)
- December 2018
- Case
Choosy
By: Jeffrey J. Bussgang and Julia Kelley
Founded in 2017, Choosy is a data-driven fashion startup that uses algorithms to identify styles trending on social media. After manufacturing similar items using a China-based supply chain, Choosy sells them to consumers through its website and social media pages....
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Keywords:
Artificial Intelligence;
Algorithms;
Machine Learning;
Neural Networks;
Instagram;
Influencer;
Fast Fashion;
Design;
Customer Satisfaction;
Customer Focus and Relationships;
Decision Making;
Cost vs Benefits;
Innovation and Invention;
Brands and Branding;
Product Positioning;
Demand and Consumers;
Supply Chain;
Production;
Logistics;
Business Model;
Expansion;
Internet and the Web;
Mobile and Wireless Technology;
Digital Platforms;
Social Media;
Technology Industry;
Fashion Industry;
North and Central America;
United States;
New York (state, US);
New York (city, NY)
- September 2018
- Case
Granite Equity Partners
By: Victoria Ivashina and Jeffrey Boyar
This case follows Rick Bauerly, CEO of Minnesota-based Granite Equity Partners, a private equity firm that specialized in buying out retiring business owners in the Minnesota community. In 2007, Granite Equity was considering an investment in Tyrell Corp. (name...
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Keywords:
Private Equity Exit;
Investing;
Fund Exit;
Fund Management;
Wealth Management;
Liquidity;
Buyout;
Exit Strategy;
Preferred Shares;
Convertible Notes;
Finance;
Private Equity;
Investment;
Asset Management;
Wealth;
Management;
Financial Liquidity
Ivashina, Victoria, and Jeffrey Boyar. "Granite Equity Partners." Harvard Business School Case 219-040, September 2018.
- August 2018 (Revised February 2023)
- Case
Hubble Contact Lenses: Data Driven Direct-to-Consumer Marketing
By: Jill Avery and Ayelet Israeli
As its Series A extension round approaches, the founders of Hubble, a subscription-based, social-media fueled, direct-to-consumer (DTC) brand of contact lenses, are reflecting on the marketing strategies that have taken them to a valuation of $200 million and debating...
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Keywords:
DTC;
Direct To Consumer Marketing;
Health Care;
Mobile;
Attribution;
Experimentation;
Experiments;
Churn/retention;
Customer Lifetime Value;
Internet Marketing;
Big Data;
Analytics;
A/B Testing;
CRM;
Advertising;
Marketing;
Marketing Channels;
Marketing Strategy;
Media;
Brands and Branding;
Marketing Communications;
Digital Marketing;
Consumer Behavior;
Acquisition;
Growth and Development Strategy;
Customer Focus and Relationships;
Social Media;
E-commerce;
Analytics and Data Science;
Health Industry;
Consumer Products Industry;
United States;
North America;
Europe
Avery, Jill, and Ayelet Israeli. "Hubble Contact Lenses: Data Driven Direct-to-Consumer Marketing." Harvard Business School Case 519-011, August 2018. (Revised February 2023.)
- June 2018 (Revised October 2020)
- Case
Global Brand Management of Anheuser Busch InBev's Budweiser
By: Jill Avery
Brian Perkins, chief architect of the $6 billion Budweiser brand, was excited about 2018, in which the company would launch Budweiser into several new markets in Africa and Latin America. He was feeling the pressure to finalize a global brand strategy that would define...
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Keywords:
Brand Management;
Global Brands;
Brand Positioning;
Brand Extension;
Brand Storytelling;
Brand Equity;
Marketing;
Marketing Strategy;
Brands and Branding;
Advertising;
Global Strategy;
Cross-Cultural and Cross-Border Issues;
Consumer Behavior;
Marketing Communications;
Consumer Products Industry;
Food and Beverage Industry;
Advertising Industry;
Africa;
China;
United States;
North America;
South Africa;
Nigeria;
Kenya;
Cameroon;
Canada
Avery, Jill. "Global Brand Management of Anheuser Busch InBev's Budweiser." Harvard Business School Case 518-105, June 2018. (Revised October 2020.)
- 2018
- Chapter
New Prospects for Organizational Democracy?: How the Joint Pursuit of Social and Financial Goals Challenges Traditional Organizational Designs
By: Julie Battilana, Michael Fuerstein and Michael Lee
For an extended period during the first half of the 20th century, industrial democracy was a vibrant movement, with ideological and organizational ties to a thriving unionism. In 2015, however, things look different. While there are instances of democracy in the...
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Battilana, Julie, Michael Fuerstein, and Michael Lee. "New Prospects for Organizational Democracy? How the Joint Pursuit of Social and Financial Goals Challenges Traditional Organizational Designs." In Capitalism Beyond Mutuality? Perspectives Integrating Philosophy and Social Science, edited by Subramanian Rangan, 256–288. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press, 2018.
- March 2018
- Teaching Note
Mavi: Fashioning a Path to Brand Growth
By: Jill Avery and Gamze Yucaoglu
Mavi, a leading Turkish apparel retailer, had sales of $419 million in 2015, up 20%. Growth rates like these were becoming routine at Mavi. But, its path to growth was getting more challenging, and Turkven, Mavi’s private equity partner, was planning its exit options...
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- December 2017 (Revised March 2019)
- Case
Armarium: Luxury Fashion Brands for Rent
By: Jill Avery, David Fubini, Natasha Dossa and Devon Stewart
Armarium, a two-sided online platform that offered consumers the opportunity to rent the most coveted, current season high fashion clothing and accessories from the top global luxury brands, had emerged from its first sales season with two distinct customer segments:...
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Keywords:
Brand Management;
Retailing;
Sharing Economy;
Luxury Brand;
Ecommerce;
Startup;
Fashion;
Brand Positioning;
Customer Acquisition;
Internet Marketing;
Marketing;
Marketing Channels;
Marketing Strategy;
Brands and Branding;
Business Startups;
Luxury;
Consumer Behavior;
Growth and Development Strategy;
Social Media;
E-commerce;
Fashion Industry;
Retail Industry;
Apparel and Accessories Industry;
United States;
North America
Avery, Jill, David Fubini, Natasha Dossa, and Devon Stewart. "Armarium: Luxury Fashion Brands for Rent." Harvard Business School Case 518-047, December 2017. (Revised March 2019.)
- May 2017 (Revised August 2021)
- Case
Mavi: Fashioning a Path to Brand Growth
By: Jill Avery and Gamze Yucaoglu
This case examines the strategic choices and business model with regards to branding at Mavi, a leading Turkish apparel retailer. The case is presented from the perspective of the company CEO and its global brand director who is also part owner. In 2015, Mavi had sales...
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Keywords:
Brand Management;
Brand Architecture;
Brand Portfolio Strategy;
Brand Positioning;
International Expansion;
Retailing;
Fashion;
Pricing;
Fast Fashion;
Emerging Economies;
Brand Extension;
Marketing;
Marketing Strategy;
Brands and Branding;
Emerging Markets;
Growth and Development Strategy;
Expansion;
Global Range;
Decision Choices and Conditions;
Fashion Industry;
Retail Industry;
Turkey;
Europe;
Asia
Avery, Jill, and Gamze Yucaoglu. "Mavi: Fashioning a Path to Brand Growth." Harvard Business School Case 517-075, May 2017. (Revised August 2021.)
- April 2017
- Teaching Note
DoubleDutch
By: Frank Cespedes
This Teaching Note accompanies HBS No. 815-044 “DoubleDutch” in which the co-founders of the event management start-up, DoubleDutch, have to make a significant decision about their young company's sales function. The teaching note covers: Opportunity analysis,...
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- February 2017 (Revised February 2022)
- Background Note
Creating and Sustaining Competitive Advantage
This note gives students a systematic and comprehensive framework for analyzing and developing competitive advantage. It pays explicit attention to both creating and sustaining advantage and considers both alignment and assets as sources of advantage.
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Keywords:
Scope;
Scale;
Competitive Dynamics;
Value Proposition;
Bargaining Power;
Competitive Advantage;
Assets;
Alignment;
Business Strategy;
Design
Van den Steen, Eric. "Creating and Sustaining Competitive Advantage." Harvard Business School Background Note 717-479, February 2017. (Revised February 2022.)
- November 2016 (Revised February 2017)
- Case
CVS Health: Redefining the Value Proposition
By: Michael E. Porter, Jorge Ramirez-Vallejo and Alexandra Houghtalin
This case explores how a company can use shared value as a lens to think about competition and strategy choices in a challenging and evolving industry. The case takes a historical look at the structure of the retail pharmacy industry and the changing nature of rivalry...
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Keywords:
Shared Value;
Pharmacy;
Health Care;
Strategy;
Competitive Strategy;
Retail Industry;
Pharmaceutical Industry;
United States
Porter, Michael E., Jorge Ramirez-Vallejo, and Alexandra Houghtalin. "CVS Health: Redefining the Value Proposition." Harvard Business School Case 717-436, November 2016. (Revised February 2017.)
- November 2016 (Revised April 2017)
- Case
Basecamp: Pricing
By: Frank Cespedes and Robb Fitzsimmons
A data analyst at Basecamp is evaluating the results of pricing research and its potential implications for the venture’s latest version of its project management software product.
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Keywords:
Pricing;
Entrepreneurial Management;
Data Analysis;
Marketing;
Customer Acquisition;
Customer Retention;
Value Proposition;
Sales Management;
Product Management;
Market Research;
Life Time Value;
Testing;
Entrepreneurship;
Analytics and Data Science;
Customers;
Value;
Sales;
Product Marketing;
United States
Cespedes, Frank, and Robb Fitzsimmons. "Basecamp: Pricing." Harvard Business School Case 817-067, November 2016. (Revised April 2017.)
- October 2016
- Case
Triangulate: Stay, Pivot or Exit?
By: Thomas Eisenmann, Shikhar Ghosh and Christopher Payton
Sunil Nagaraj, Triangulate's founder had spent a few years trying to launch a dating application that matched users based on their behavior on social media. Based on input from advisors, the company changed its focus from a B2B site to a B2C dating site with a unique...
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Keywords:
Early Stage;
Pivot;
Two Sided Markets;
Business Model;
Business Exit or Shutdown;
Product Launch;
Venture Capital;
Failure;
Internet and the Web;
Entrepreneurship;
Information Technology;
Social and Collaborative Networks;
United States;
North America
Eisenmann, Thomas, Shikhar Ghosh, and Christopher Payton. "Triangulate: Stay, Pivot or Exit?" Harvard Business School Case 817-059, October 2016.
- 2015
- Article
The Nobel Prize: The Identity of a Corporate Heritage Brand
By: Mats Urde and Stephen A. Greyser
Purpose—The purpose of this study is to understand the identity of the Nobel Prize as a corporate heritage brand and its management challenges.
Design/methodology/approach—An in-depth case study analysed within a heritage brand model and a corporate... View Details
Design/methodology/approach—An in-depth case study analysed within a heritage brand model and a corporate... View Details
Keywords:
Nobel Prize;
Brand Stewardship;
Corporate Brand Identity;
Corporate Heritage Brand;
Heritage Brand Identity Process;
Networked Brand;
Organizations;
Brands and Branding
Urde, Mats, and Stephen A. Greyser. "The Nobel Prize: The Identity of a Corporate Heritage Brand." Journal of Product & Brand Management 24, no. 4 (2015): 318–332.
- July 2015
- Case
Uncharted Play (A)
By: Shikhar Ghosh and Ali Huberlie
The case recounts the process of launching an early stage venture, from idea conception through initial efforts to validate the concept, followed by product launch, and fund raising. It emphasizes the Customer Value Proposition of the business model, and asks – Who is...
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Keywords:
Early Stage;
Female Protagonist;
Value Proposition;
Team Building;
Founders' Agreements;
Start-up;
Entrepreneurship;
Business Model;
Business Startups;
Sports;
United States;
North America;
Nigeria;
Africa
Ghosh, Shikhar, and Ali Huberlie. "Uncharted Play (A)." Harvard Business School Case 816-018, July 2015.