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All HBS Web
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- Faculty Publications (96)
- May 2021
- Article
Private and Social Returns to R&D: Drug Development and Demographics
By: Efraim Benmelech, Janice Eberly, Dimitris Papanikolaou and Joshua Krieger
Investment in intangible capital such as R&D has increased dramatically since the 1990s. However, productivity growth remains sluggish in recent years. One potential reason is that a significant share of the increase in intangible investment is geared toward consumer...
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Keywords:
Drug Development;
Research and Development;
Investment Return;
Demographics;
Pharmaceutical Industry
Benmelech, Efraim, Janice Eberly, Dimitris Papanikolaou, and Joshua Krieger. "Private and Social Returns to R&D: Drug Development and Demographics." AEA Papers and Proceedings 111 (May 2021): 336–340.
- 2021
- Working Paper
Which Markets (Don't) Drive Pharmaceutical Innovation? Evidence From U.S. Medicaid Expansions
By: Craig Garthwaite, Rebecca Sachs and Ariel Dora Stern
Pharmaceutical innovation policy involves managing a tradeoff between high prices for new products in the short-term and stronger incentives to develop products for the future. Prior research has documented a causal relationship between market size and pharmaceutical...
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Keywords:
Pharmaceuticals;
Medicaid;
Innovation and Invention;
Policy;
Markets;
Research and Development;
Pharmaceutical Industry
Garthwaite, Craig, Rebecca Sachs, and Ariel Dora Stern. "Which Markets (Don't) Drive Pharmaceutical Innovation? Evidence From U.S. Medicaid Expansions." NBER Working Paper Series, No. 28755, May 2021.
- Article
Internal Deadlines, Drug Approvals, and Safety Problems
By: Lauren Cohen, Umit Gurun and Danielle Li
Absent explicit quotas, incentives, reporting, or fiscal year-end motives, drug approvals around the world surge in December, at month-ends, and before respective major national holidays. Drugs approved before these informal deadlines are associated with significantly...
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Keywords:
Health;
Economics;
Government and Politics;
Innovation and Invention;
Research;
Science;
Pharmaceutical Industry;
Pharmaceutical Industry;
Pharmaceutical Industry
Cohen, Lauren, Umit Gurun, and Danielle Li. "Internal Deadlines, Drug Approvals, and Safety Problems." American Economic Review: Insights 3, no. 1 (March 2021): 67–82.
- October 2020
- Teaching Plan
Merck: COVID-19 Vaccines
By: Willy C. Shih
COVID-19 infections were still climbing across the U.S. and many other parts of the world in September 2020, and it seemed that every time Ken Frazier, the CEO of Merck & Co. consented to an interview in recent months he always seemed to hear the same question,...
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- Article
Extending the Role of Headquarters Beyond the Firm Boundary: Entrepreneurial Alliance Innovation
By: Jaeho Kim and Andy Wu
Prior research on corporate headquarters (CHQ) characteristics identifies the impact of CHQ location and composition on the innovation outcomes of internal subsidiaries. However, given that external strategic alliances with high-tech entrepreneurial firms represent a...
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Keywords:
Alliance;
Innovation;
Corporate Headquarters;
Geographic Proximity;
Entrepreneurship;
Corporate Strategy;
Alliances;
Joint Ventures;
Innovation and Invention;
Business Headquarters;
Geographic Location
Kim, Jaeho, and Andy Wu. "Extending the Role of Headquarters Beyond the Firm Boundary: Entrepreneurial Alliance Innovation." Art. 15. Special Issue on Corporate Headquarters. Journal of Organization Design 8 (2019): 1–35.
- April 2019 (Revised January 2022)
- Case
Clear Link Technologies, LLC: Driving Sales with Peer Effects
By: Christopher Stanton, Richard Saouma and Olivia Hull
The importance of a good peer or coworker is widely discussed, but understanding the glue that makes coworkers valuable is less understood. This case sheds light on the importance of peers and the practices and environments that make a group greater than the sum of its...
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Keywords:
Talent and Talent Management;
Interactive Communication;
Experience and Expertise;
Decision Making;
Training;
Design;
Compensation and Benefits;
Knowledge Acquisition;
Knowledge Sharing;
Human Capital;
Working Conditions;
Measurement and Metrics;
Outcome or Result;
Performance;
Performance Improvement;
Research;
Sales;
Salesforce Management;
Motivation and Incentives;
Telecommunications Industry;
Utah;
United States
Stanton, Christopher, Richard Saouma, and Olivia Hull. "Clear Link Technologies, LLC: Driving Sales with Peer Effects." Harvard Business School Case 819-072, April 2019. (Revised January 2022.)
- February 2019 (Revised August 2019)
- Case
Maccabitech: The Promise of Israel's Healthcare Data
By: Scott Duke Kominers and Carin-Isabel Knoop
Dr. Varda Shalev bridges technology and medicine through Maccabitech, a "research and innovation wing" of Israel's Maccabi Healthcare Services (MHS) that partners with research institutions, pharmaceutical companies, and startups. Shalev hopes to scale Maccabitech's...
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Keywords:
Big Data;
Healthcare;
Analytics and Data Science;
Digital Platforms;
Health Care and Treatment;
Innovation and Invention;
Research;
Entrepreneurship;
Risk Management;
Israel
Kominers, Scott Duke, and Carin-Isabel Knoop. "Maccabitech: The Promise of Israel's Healthcare Data." Harvard Business School Case 819-032, February 2019. (Revised August 2019.)
- May 2018
- Case
The Multiple Myeloma Research Foundation's Answer Fund
By: Richard G. Hamermesh and Matthew G. Preble
Keywords:
Data Analytics;
Customer Focus and Relationships;
Customer Relationship Management;
Cost vs Benefits;
Investment Return;
Health Care and Treatment;
Innovation Leadership;
Intellectual Property;
Knowledge Sharing;
Knowledge Dissemination;
Leadership;
Leading Change;
Resource Allocation;
Goals and Objectives;
Marketing Communications;
Performance;
Programs;
Projects;
Business and Community Relations;
Business and Stakeholder Relations;
Networks;
Partners and Partnerships;
Research and Development;
Genetics;
Behavior;
Motivation and Incentives;
Social and Collaborative Networks;
Nonprofit Organizations;
Strategy;
Pharmaceutical Industry;
Pharmaceutical Industry;
Pharmaceutical Industry;
United States
- December 2017 (Revised January 2018)
- Case
Alltech
By: David E. Bell and Natalie Kindred
Alltech was a Lexington, Kentucky–based producer of supplements for animal feed, with revenues of over $2 billion (projected to reach $3 billion in 2018), sales in 120 countries, 5,000 employees, and 100 manufacturing plants worldwide. For nearly four decades, Alltech...
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Keywords:
Alltech;
United States;
Agribusiness;
Agriculture;
Animal;
Animal Agriculture;
Animal Feed;
Livestock;
Family Business;
Vertical Integration;
Strategy;
Growth;
Feed Additives;
Feed Supplements;
Kentucky;
Growth Strategy;
Family Businesses;
Animal-Based Agribusiness;
Acquisition;
Business Growth and Maturation;
Business Model;
Change Management;
Trends;
Governance;
Entrepreneurship;
Growth and Development;
Intellectual Property;
Leadership;
Management;
Markets;
Organizational Culture;
Private Ownership;
Science;
Quality;
Risk and Uncertainty;
Research;
Sales;
Pharmaceutical Industry;
Pharmaceutical Industry;
United States;
Kentucky;
Brazil;
China
Bell, David E., and Natalie Kindred. "Alltech." Harvard Business School Case 518-001, December 2017. (Revised January 2018.)
- Article
One Obstacle to Curing Cancer: Patient Data Isn't Shared
By: Richard G. Hamermesh and Kathy Giusti
Precision Medicine requires large datasets to identify the mutations that lead to various cancers. Currently, genomic information is hoarded in fragmented silos within numerous academic medical centers, pharmaceutical companies, and some disease-based foundations. For...
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Keywords:
Healthcare;
Technological And Scientific Innovation;
Cancer Care In The U.S.;
Cancer Treatment;
Precision Medicine;
Personalized Medicine;
Data Sharing;
Technological Innovation;
Analytics and Data Science;
Health Disorders;
Medical Specialties;
Research and Development;
Customization and Personalization;
Health Industry;
United States
Hamermesh, Richard G., and Kathy Giusti. "One Obstacle to Curing Cancer: Patient Data Isn't Shared." Harvard Business Review (website) (November 28, 2016).
- November 2016
- Case
QuintilesIMS: Biosimilar Marketing in England
By: John A. Quelch and Emily C. Boudreau
QuintilesIMS was a leading healthcare consulting firm best known for its data and information offerings as well as its market research and management consulting services for life science companies. By 2015, the company was expanding beyond the biopharmaceutical...
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Keywords:
Health;
Pharmaceutical Industry;
Biotech;
Marketing;
Health Care and Treatment;
Biotechnology Industry;
England
Quelch, John A., and Emily C. Boudreau. "QuintilesIMS: Biosimilar Marketing in England." Harvard Business School Case 517-054, November 2016.
- Article
What to Know About Locating in a Cluster
By: Willy C. Shih and Sen Chai
As a study of two industry clusters in Denmark shows, factors that can make clusters attractive—easy people movement and knowledge spillovers—can also make it harder for individual companies to retain proprietary knowledge.
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Keywords:
Clusters;
Clustering;
Competitiveness;
Life Sciences;
Telecommunications;
Science-based;
Research And Development;
Industry Clusters;
Research;
Innovation Strategy;
Innovation and Management;
Geographic Location;
Pharmaceutical Industry;
Pharmaceutical Industry;
Pharmaceutical Industry;
Pharmaceutical Industry;
Denmark
Shih, Willy C., and Sen Chai. "What to Know About Locating in a Cluster." Art. 57117. MIT Sloan Management Review 57, no. 1 (Fall 2015): 104–107.
- September 2014
- Case
Pfizer's Centers for Therapeutic Innovation (CTI)
By: Gary Pisano, James Weber and Kait Szydlowski
In 2010, Pfizer established four small research units in New York, Boston, San Francisco, and San Diego located close to several premier Academic Medical Centers (AMCs), or hospitals with adjoining medical schools. The goal of these units was to redesign collaboration...
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Keywords:
Drug Development;
Academic Collaboration;
Research And Development;
Innovation;
Translational Research;
Management;
Operations;
Problems and Challenges;
Research;
Science;
Information Technology;
Strategy;
Pharmaceutical Industry;
Pharmaceutical Industry;
North and Central America;
Europe;
Asia
Pisano, Gary, James Weber, and Kait Szydlowski. "Pfizer's Centers for Therapeutic Innovation (CTI)." Harvard Business School Case 615-024, September 2014.
- June 2014
- Supplement
Merrimack Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (B)
By: Amy C. Edmondson, Bethany Gerstein and Melissa Valentine
In 2006, the leadership team at Merrimack Pharmaceuticals, Inc. had to decide whether to keep its R&D organization in functional departments or restructure it into interdisciplinary teams. This case follows the outcomes of this decision from 2006 to mid-2014, and...
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Keywords:
Organizational Design;
Groups and Teams;
Collaborative Innovation and Invention;
Research and Development;
Pharmaceutical Industry;
Pharmaceutical Industry
Edmondson, Amy C., Bethany Gerstein, and Melissa Valentine. "Merrimack Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (B)." Harvard Business School Supplement 614-083, June 2014.
- June 2014 (Revised February 2017)
- Case
Kathy Giusti and the Multiple Myeloma Research Foundation
By: Richard G. Hamermesh, Joshua D. Margolis and Matthew G. Preble
What do you do when your rising professional career is cut short by an unexpected cancer diagnosis? Kathy Giusti shifted careers, built a new organization that transformed how cancer research is done, and now faces the challenge of sustaining the organization and its...
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Keywords:
Philanthropy;
Philanthropy Funding;
Entrepreneurship;
Health Care;
Management Styles;
Personalized Medicine;
Health Care Outcomes;
Cancer;
Cancer Care In The U.S.;
Personal Care;
Leadership;
Leading Change;
Social Entrepreneurship;
Philanthropy and Charitable Giving;
Health Care and Treatment;
Leadership Style;
Management Style;
Management Skills;
Growth and Development Strategy;
Business Strategy;
Health;
Health Industry;
United States;
Canada;
Spain
Hamermesh, Richard G., Joshua D. Margolis, and Matthew G. Preble. "Kathy Giusti and the Multiple Myeloma Research Foundation." Harvard Business School Case 814-026, June 2014. (Revised February 2017.)
- April 2014
- Case
Merrimack Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (A)
By: Amy C. Edmondson, Bethany S. Gerstein and Melissa Valentine
In 2006, Merrimack Pharmaceuticals was a fast-growing biotechnology company. Its leadership team was divided over whether to keep R&D organized in functional departments or transition to interdisciplinary teams. As a small company, Merrimack's R&D organization had...
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Keywords:
Teamwork;
Interdisciplinary Collaboration;
R&D;
Biotechnology;
Complexity;
Innovation Management;
Organizational Design;
Groups and Teams;
Collaborative Innovation and Invention;
Research and Development;
Pharmaceutical Industry;
Pharmaceutical Industry
Edmondson, Amy C., Bethany S. Gerstein, and Melissa Valentine. "Merrimack Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (A)." Harvard Business School Case 614-063, April 2014.
- January 2014 (Revised December 2014)
- Case
GenapSys: Business Models for the Genome
By: Richard G. Hamermesh, Joseph B. Fuller and Matthew Preble
GenapSys, a California-based startup, was soon to release a new DNA sequencer that the company's founder, Hesaam Esfandyarpour, believed was truly revolutionary. The sequencer would be substantially less expensive—potentially costing just a few thousand dollars—and... View Details
Keywords:
DNA Sequencing;
Life Sciences;
Business Model;
Innovation & Entrepreneurship;
Health Care and Treatment;
Genetics;
Business Strategy;
Pharmaceutical Industry;
Pharmaceutical Industry;
Pharmaceutical Industry;
Pharmaceutical Industry;
Pharmaceutical Industry;
United States
Hamermesh, Richard G., Joseph B. Fuller, and Matthew Preble. "GenapSys: Business Models for the Genome." Harvard Business School Case 814-050, January 2014. (Revised December 2014.)
- September 2013 (Revised January 2024)
- Case
PAREXEL International Corp.: Scaling Up
By: Regina E. Herzlinger and Natalie Kindred
Through the lens of biopharmaceutical contract research organization (CRO) PAREXEL, this case traces the evolution of the firm as it reinvents itself in response to the transformation of the CRO sector from a small, secondary cluster of firms into a major player with...
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Keywords:
Research;
Innovation and Invention;
Business Model;
Transformation;
Globalization;
Information Technology;
Competitive Advantage;
Pharmaceutical Industry
Herzlinger, Regina E., and Natalie Kindred. "PAREXEL International Corp.: Scaling Up." Harvard Business School Case 314-056, September 2013. (Revised January 2024.)
- July 2013 (Revised November 2021)
- Module Note
Exploration vs. Exploitation
By: Willy Shih
This module note introduces James March's concept of exploration and exploitation, and the management challenge of balancing the allocation of resources to the two activities in the firm. The note also touches on the O'Reilly and Tushman paper on the ambidextrous...
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Keywords:
Exploration And Exploitation;
Exploitation;
Research;
Scientific Research;
Product Commercialization;
Innovation and Invention;
Innovation and Management;
Innovation Leadership;
Innovation Strategy;
Technological Innovation;
Knowledge Acquisition;
Growth and Development Strategy;
Resource Allocation;
Strategic Planning;
Research and Development;
Science-Based Business;
Corporate Strategy;
Knowledge Sharing;
Pharmaceutical Industry;
Pharmaceutical Industry;
Pharmaceutical Industry;
Pharmaceutical Industry;
Pharmaceutical Industry;
Pharmaceutical Industry;
Pharmaceutical Industry;
United States
Shih, Willy. "Exploration vs. Exploitation." Harvard Business School Module Note 614-004, July 2013. (Revised November 2021.)
- September 2012 (Revised November 2014)
- Case
Cialis Lifecycle Management: Lilly's BPH Dilemma
By: Elie Ofek and Natalie Kindred
How should Eli Lilly further develop and market a new indication of its highly successful erectile-dysfunction (ED) drug, Cialis, without confusing Cialis's hard-won brand equity with physicians and patients? With the final stages of clinical trials for the new...
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Keywords:
Product Positioning;
Attitudes;
Brands and Branding;
Pharmaceutical Industry;
United States
Ofek, Elie, and Natalie Kindred. "Cialis Lifecycle Management: Lilly's BPH Dilemma." Harvard Business School Case 513-005, September 2012. (Revised November 2014.)