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- 2023
- Working Paper
Learning by Investing: Entrepreneurial Spillovers from Venture Capital
By: Josh Lerner, Jinlin Li and Tong Liu
This paper studies how investing in venture capital (VC) affects the entrepreneurial outcomes of individual limited partners (LPs). Using comprehensive administrative data on entrepreneurial activities and VC fundraising and investments in China, we first document that...
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Lerner, Josh, Jinlin Li, and Tong Liu. "Learning by Investing: Entrepreneurial Spillovers from Venture Capital." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 24-029, November 2023.
- September 2023 (Revised January 2024)
- Case
Icahn Enterprises: Ponzi Scheme or Sound Investment
By: Aiyesha Dey, Jonas Heese and James Weber
Icahn Enterprises, a publicly traded limited partnership founded and operated by famed activist investor Carl Icahn, had earned above market returns for over a decade. Between 2018 and early 2023, it had a compound annual return of 31%. Icahn invested in undervalued...
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Dey, Aiyesha, Jonas Heese, and James Weber. "Icahn Enterprises: Ponzi Scheme or Sound Investment." Harvard Business School Case 124-013, September 2023. (Revised January 2024.)
- February 2023
- Case
Roblox: Virtual Commerce in the Metaverse
By: Ayelet Israeli and Nicole Tempest Keller
In 2022, Roblox had 58.8 million daily active users, including over half of all children and teens under the age of 16 in the United States. Roblox, a free-to-use “co-experience platform”, allowed users to come together in immersive 3D experiences to socialize, work,...
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Keywords:
Entertainment;
Games, Gaming, and Gambling;
Market Design;
Marketing;
Brands and Branding;
Marketing Channels;
Marketing Strategy;
Business Strategy;
Economics;
Economy;
Economic Systems;
Advertising;
Advertising Campaigns;
Digital Platforms;
Markets;
Price;
Innovation and Management;
Entertainment and Recreation Industry;
Video Game Industry;
Technology Industry;
United States;
California;
North America;
South America;
Asia;
Europe
Israeli, Ayelet, and Nicole Tempest Keller. "Roblox: Virtual Commerce in the Metaverse." Harvard Business School Case 523-028, February 2023.
- February 2023
- Article
Increasing the Demand for Workers with a Criminal Record
By: Zoë Cullen, Will Dobbie and Mitchell Hoffman
State and local policies increasingly restrict employers’ access to criminal records, but without
addressing the underlying reasons that employers may conduct criminal background checks.
Employers may thus still want to ask about a job applicant’s criminal record...
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Cullen, Zoë, Will Dobbie, and Mitchell Hoffman. "Increasing the Demand for Workers with a Criminal Record." Quarterly Journal of Economics 138, no. 1 (February 2023): 103–150.
- 2022
- Working Paper
The Limits of Decentralized Administrative Data Collection: Experimental Evidence from Colombia
By: Natalia Garbiras-Diaz and Tara Slough
States collect vast amounts of data for use in policymaking and public administration. To
do so, central governments frequently solicit data from decentralized bureaucrats. Because
central governments use these data in policymaking, decentralized bureaucrats may face...
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Keywords:
Decentralization;
Policy-making;
Policy/economics;
Policy Evaluation;
Governance;
Government Administration;
Government and Politics;
Government Legislation;
Policy;
Public Opinion;
Analytics and Data Science;
Latin America;
South America;
Colombia
Garbiras-Diaz, Natalia, and Tara Slough. "The Limits of Decentralized Administrative Data Collection: Experimental Evidence from Colombia." Working Paper, December 2022.
- November 2022
- Case
Arcos Dorados’ Quest for the Digitalization of Last-Mile Delivery in Colombia
By: Jorge Tamayo, Jenyfeer Martinez Buitrago and Mariana Cal
In 2018, Francisco Staton, Managing Director of Arcos Dorados in Colombia had to decide on the company’s strategy to expand its food ordering and delivery business in the country. Arcos Dorados stood as McDonald’s largest independent franchisee, and Colombia was one of...
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Keywords:
Digital Transformation;
Delivery;
McDonald's;
Latin America;
Quick Serve Restaurants;
QSR;
Transformation;
Decision Making;
Decision Choices and Conditions;
Global Strategy;
Technological Innovation;
Growth and Development Strategy;
Agreements and Arrangements;
Negotiation Tactics;
Logistics;
Service Delivery;
Organizational Culture;
Performance Improvement;
Partners and Partnerships;
Strategy;
Food and Beverage Industry;
Latin America;
South America;
Colombia
Tamayo, Jorge, Jenyfeer Martinez Buitrago, and Mariana Cal. "Arcos Dorados’ Quest for the Digitalization of Last-Mile Delivery in Colombia." Harvard Business School Case 723-395, November 2022.
- October 2022
- Case
Afrigen Biologics: Vaccines for the Global South
By: Debora L. Spar and Julia Comeau
The majority of vaccines used on the continent of Africa (99%) are produced offshore. This makes African nations reliant on the West for major health care needs, a problem which was exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic. Afrigen Biologics (in partnership with the WHO)...
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Keywords:
Vaccination;
Vaccine;
mRNA;
COVID;
COVID-19;
Inequity;
Hub-and-spoke;
Health Care and Treatment;
Health Pandemics;
Production;
Social Issues;
Business and Government Relations;
South Africa;
Africa
Spar, Debora L., and Julia Comeau. "Afrigen Biologics: Vaccines for the Global South." Harvard Business School Case 323-030, October 2022.
- August 2022 (Revised November 2022)
- Case
Altos Ventures (A)
By: Jo Tango and Alys Ferragamo
In December 2012, Altos Ventures General Partners Han Kim, Anthony Lee, and Ho Nam met to discuss the future of the firm. Altos had already adjusted its strategy multiple times. It began as a U.S.-focused venture capital investor whose first two funds were backed by a...
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Tango, Jo, and Alys Ferragamo. "Altos Ventures (A)." Harvard Business School Case 823-035, August 2022. (Revised November 2022.)
- August 2021
- Case
Andreessen Horowitz’s Cultural Leadership Fund (A)
By: Anita Elberse, Briana Richardson and Cydni Williams
In May 2020, Chris Lyons, a partner at leading venture capital firm Andreessen Horowitz receives the news that his company has reached a verbal agreement with one of Silicon Valley’s hottest social-media startups to lead its ‘Series A’ funding round, in a deal that...
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Keywords:
Entertainment;
Talent Management;
General Management;
Inclusion;
Talent and Talent Management;
Diversity;
Venture Capital;
Entrepreneurship;
Networks;
Nonprofit Organizations
Elberse, Anita, Briana Richardson, and Cydni Williams. "Andreessen Horowitz’s Cultural Leadership Fund (A)." Harvard Business School Case 522-020, August 2021.
- March 2021
- Case
Founders Factory
By: Jeffrey F. Rayport and James Barnett
In January 2020, Founders Factory (FF) Executive Chairman Brent Hoberman and CEO Henry Lane Fox were considering FF’s expansion strategy. FF operated as a venture capital (VC) fund built around an accelerator and incubator, and organized around sectors within...
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Keywords:
Entrepreneurship;
Markets;
Planning;
Expansion;
Global Range;
Business Model;
Talent and Talent Management;
Experience and Expertise;
Corporate Entrepreneurship;
Global Strategy;
Innovation Strategy;
Growth and Development Strategy;
Management Teams;
Organizational Change and Adaptation;
Partners and Partnerships;
Internet and the Web;
Mobile and Wireless Technology;
Technology Industry;
Africa;
South Africa;
Johannesburg;
Europe;
France;
Paris;
United Kingdom;
England;
London;
United States;
New York (city, NY)
Rayport, Jeffrey F., and James Barnett. "Founders Factory." Harvard Business School Case 821-009, March 2021.
- February 2021 (Revised June 2021)
- Case
Barbarians at the Gate or Turnaround Gurus? Private Equity and the Rise of the LBO
By: Tom Nicholas and John Masko
During the 1980s, leveraged buyouts (LBOs) and the private equity (PE) firms responsible for carrying them out revolutionized both investment and management in the U.S. Between 1980 and 1989, buyout activity in the U.S. surged from $1 billion per year to $60 billion....
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Keywords:
Leveraged Buyouts;
Mergers and Acquisitions;
Business Conglomerates;
Restructuring;
Borrowing and Debt;
Private Equity;
Bonds;
Investment Return;
Institutional Investing;
Profit Sharing;
Business History;
Management Style;
Private Ownership;
Performance Effectiveness;
Value Creation;
Financial Services Industry;
United States
Nicholas, Tom, and John Masko. "Barbarians at the Gate or Turnaround Gurus? Private Equity and the Rise of the LBO." Harvard Business School Case 821-016, February 2021. (Revised June 2021.)
- April 2020 (Revised June 2020)
- Case
Oriental Land Co., Ltd.—Tokyo Disney Resort
By: Ramon Casadesus-Masanell and Akiko Kanno
This case describes the history of Oriental Land Co. Ltd.’s (OLC's) Tokyo Disney Resort (TDR), its operations, the extent of vertical integration, and the challenges it faced in 2018 as OLC's chairman and CEO, Toshio Kagami, contemplated how best to deal with...
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Keywords:
Strategy For Multi-business Firm;
Business Models;
Growth;
Theme Parks;
Disney;
Disney Parks;
Licensing;
Royalties;
Two-part Tariffs;
Oriental Land Co.;
Tokyo Disneyland;
Tokyo DisneySea;
Tokyo Disney Resort;
Tokyo Disney;
Growth Strategy;
Hotels;
Hotel Industry;
Partnership;
Development;
Attractions;
Rides;
Urayasu;
Kagami;
Congestion;
Pricing;
Amusement Parks;
Amusement Park Industry;
Brand;
Branding;
History;
OLC;
Corporate Strategy;
Competitive Strategy;
Business History;
Price;
Retention;
Growth and Development;
Growth and Development Strategy;
Brands and Branding;
Agreements and Arrangements;
Contracts;
Operations;
Vertical Integration;
Problems and Challenges;
Partners and Partnerships;
Business Strategy;
Expansion;
Rail Transportation;
Transportation Networks;
Accommodations Industry;
Entertainment and Recreation Industry;
Tourism Industry;
Asia;
Japan;
Tokyo;
United States
Casadesus-Masanell, Ramon, and Akiko Kanno. "Oriental Land Co., Ltd.—Tokyo Disney Resort." Harvard Business School Case 720-460, April 2020. (Revised June 2020.)
- September 2019 (Revised June 2020)
- Case
2U: Higher Education Rewired
By: Yael Grushka-Cockayne and Karim R. Lakhani
In its 2019 Partner Symposium, 2U, an online program management provider (OPM), showcased its new vision: “Career. Curriculum. Continuum. A construct for lifelong learning in the 21st century.” 2U, founded in 2008 and went public in 2014, was looking to expand beyond...
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Keywords:
Digital Innovation;
Architectural Innovation;
Make V. Buy;
Learning;
Higher Education;
Internet and the Web;
Innovation Strategy;
Transformation;
Digital Transformation
Grushka-Cockayne, Yael, and Karim R. Lakhani. "2U: Higher Education Rewired." Harvard Business School Case 620-044, September 2019. (Revised June 2020.)
- September 2017 (Revised July 2023)
- Case
Adaptive Platform Trials: The Clinical Trial of the Future?
By: Ariel D. Stern and Sarah Mehta
In July 2017, Dr. Brian M. Alexander, president and CEO of the AGILE Research Foundation, was preparing to launch a new type of clinical trial—an adaptive platform trial—to study potential therapies for glioblastoma (GBM), an aggressive form of brain cancer....
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Keywords:
Clinical Trials;
Cancer;
Adaptive Platform Trials;
Platform Trials;
Adaptive Trials;
Glioblastoma;
Health;
Health Care and Treatment;
Health Testing and Trials;
Business Strategy;
Innovation Strategy;
Health Industry;
United States
Stern, Ariel D., and Sarah Mehta. "Adaptive Platform Trials: The Clinical Trial of the Future?" Harvard Business School Case 618-025, September 2017. (Revised July 2023.)
- June 2015
- Article
The Organization of Enterprise in Japan
By: Tom Nicholas
Recent research reveals that the joint stock corporation was not a superior form of business organization in many countries historically. In Japan, however, it played a more fundamental role. Between 1896 and 1939 joint stock enterprises accounted for 44 percent of...
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Keywords:
Japan;
Legal Form;
Enterprise;
Modernization;
Business Organization;
Entrepreneurship;
Japan
Nicholas, Tom. "The Organization of Enterprise in Japan." Journal of Economic History 75, no. 2 (June 2015): 333–363.
- February 2015
- Case
Longbow Capital Partners
By: Malcolm Baker, Samuel G. Hanson and James Weber
Longbow Capital Partners is a value-oriented long/short hedge fund focused on stocks in the energy sector. In January 2011, Longbow had invested in NiSource, a Fortune 500 company that owns a diverse portfolio of regulated energy businesses. In late 2014, Longbow was...
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Keywords:
Value Investing;
Investment Strategy;
Dividend Yield;
Intrinsic Value;
Dividend Discount Model;
Master Limited Partnership;
Hedge Fund;
Energy Industry;
Regulation;
Utilities;
Finance;
Financial Services Industry;
United States
Baker, Malcolm, Samuel G. Hanson, and James Weber. "Longbow Capital Partners." Harvard Business School Case 215-026, February 2015.
- April 2014 (Revised October 2015)
- Case
Texas Teachers and the New Texas Way
By: Matthew Rhodes-Kropf, Luis M. Viceira, John D. Dionne and Nathaniel Burbank
In 2011 Britt Harris, the Chief Investment Officer for the $107.4 billion Teachers Retirement System of Texas (TRS), was considering whether to pursue strategic partnerships with a group of large private equity firms. After spending four years aggressively moving the...
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Rhodes-Kropf, Matthew, Luis M. Viceira, John D. Dionne, and Nathaniel Burbank. "Texas Teachers and the New Texas Way." Harvard Business School Case 214-091, April 2014. (Revised October 2015.)
- March 2013 (Revised July 2014)
- Case
Bay Partners (A)
By: Josh Lerner and Lauren Barley
In April 2010, Salil Deshpande has recently resigned from Palo Alto, California-based Bay Partners (Bay) where he had been a general partner. Although Deshpande had built a successful track record at the venture firm, he resigned with two other Bay general partners as...
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Keywords:
Risk and Uncertainty;
Risk Management;
Venture Capital;
Conflict Management;
Partners and Partnerships;
Resignation and Termination;
Policy;
Management Teams;
Financial Services Industry;
California
Lerner, Josh, and Lauren Barley. "Bay Partners (A)." Harvard Business School Case 213-102, March 2013. (Revised July 2014.)
- February 2013 (Revised February 2014)
- Case
Phu My Hung
By: John Macomber and Dawn H. Lau
Privately held city development promoters decide whether to partner on next phase or go it alone in a 20-year, 4000-acre project. Set outside of Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, this decades-long project led by two Taiwanese families reshaped and built the economic...
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Macomber, John, and Dawn H. Lau. "Phu My Hung." Harvard Business School Case 213-098, February 2013. (Revised February 2014.)
- January 2010 (Revised March 2010)
- Compilation
Firm Strategy Vignettes
By: Josh Lerner, G. Felda Hardymon and Ann Leamon
These three vignettes present various issues around the strategy and management of a private equity firm. In one, a senior partner must decide how to manage an over-extended colleague and how to reduce the risk of the firm's portfolio; in the second, a limited partner...
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Keywords:
Outcome or Result;
Business Strategy;
Problems and Challenges;
Private Equity;
Venture Capital;
Investment Portfolio;
Partners and Partnerships
Lerner, Josh, G. Felda Hardymon, and Ann Leamon. "Firm Strategy Vignettes." Harvard Business School Compilation 810-087, January 2010. (Revised March 2010.)