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Norms →
- 2012
- Working Paper
~Why Do We Redistribute so Much but Tag so Little? Normative Diversity, Equal Sacrifice and Optimal Taxation
Tagging is a free lunch in conventional optimal tax theory because it eases the classic tradeoff between efficiency and equality. But tagging is used in only limited ways in tax policy. I propose one explanation: conventional optimal tax theory has yet to capture the...
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Keywords:
Forecasting and Prediction;
Cost;
Framework;
Policy;
Taxation;
Analytics and Data Science;
Performance Efficiency;
United States
Weinzierl, Matthew. "~Why Do We Redistribute so Much but Tag so Little? Normative Diversity, Equal Sacrifice and Optimal Taxation." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 12-064, January 2012. (Revised August 2012. NBER Working Paper Series, No. 18045, August 2012)
- December 2012
- Article
Behavioral Ethics: Toward a Deeper Understanding of Moral Judgment and Dishonesty
By: Max Bazerman and Francesca Gino
Early research and teaching on ethics focused on either a moral development perspective or philosophical approaches, and used a normative approach by focusing on the question of how people should act when resolving ethical dilemmas. In this paper, we briefly describe...
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Keywords:
Ethical Decision Making;
Corruption;
Unethical Behavior;
Behavioral Decision Research;
Behavior;
Ethics
Bazerman, Max, and Francesca Gino. "Behavioral Ethics: Toward a Deeper Understanding of Moral Judgment and Dishonesty." Annual Review of Law and Social Science 8 (December 2012): 85–104.
- April–June 2012
- Article
Hybrid Organizations: The Next Chapter in Sustainable Business
By: Nardia Haigh and Andrew J. Hoffman
In this article, we describe how hybrid organizations are developing business models that are competitive and create positive social and environmental change. We discuss the distinctive characteristics of the hybrid business model, both conceptually and in practice. We...
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Haigh, Nardia, and Andrew J. Hoffman. "Hybrid Organizations: The Next Chapter in Sustainable Business." Organizational Dynamics 41, no. 2 (April–June 2012): 126–134.
- 2011
- Chapter
American Exceptionalism?: A Comparative Analysis of the Origins and Trajectory of U.S. Business Education Development
By: Rakesh Khurana
As business education in an academic setting becomes an increasingly global phenomenon, the university-based business school in America remains a unique institution. This holds true despite the fact that the American business school as it evolved in the post-World War...
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- September 2011
- Article
On Testing Business Models
By: D. Huelsbeck, K. Merchant and Tatiana Sandino
This study explored management decisions regarding formal empirical testing of business models. It documented a test of one company's business model under seemingly favorable conditions for such a test – a successful single product firm following a consistent strategy...
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Keywords:
Performance Measurement;
Non-financial Performance Measures;
Business Models;
Management Control;
Decisions;
Business Model;
Performance Evaluation
Huelsbeck, D., K. Merchant, and Tatiana Sandino. "On Testing Business Models." Accounting Review 86, no. 5 (September 2011): 1631–1654. (Awarded a Research Grant from the Chartered Institute of Management Accountants.)
- April 2011
- Article
Behavioral Economics Perspectives on Public Sector Pension Plans
By: John Beshears, James J. Choi, David Laibson and Brigitte C. Madrian
We describe the pension plan features of the states and the largest cities and counties in the U.S. Unlike in the private sector, defined benefit (DB) pensions are still the norm in the public sector. However, a few jurisdictions have shifted towards defined...
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Keywords:
Equality and Inequality;
Public Sector;
Retirement;
Private Sector;
Compensation and Benefits;
United States
Beshears, John, James J. Choi, David Laibson, and Brigitte C. Madrian. "Behavioral Economics Perspectives on Public Sector Pension Plans." Journal of Pension Economics & Finance 10, no. 2 (April 2011): 315–336.
- April 2011
- Article
Why Leaders Don't Learn from Success
By: Francesca Gino and Gary P. Pisano
We argue that for a variety of psychological reasons, it is often much harder for leaders and organizations to learn from success than to learn from failure. Success creates three kinds of traps that often impede deep learning. The first is attribution error or the...
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Keywords:
Learning;
Innovation and Management;
Leadership;
Failure;
Success;
Performance Evaluation;
Prejudice and Bias
Gino, Francesca, and Gary P. Pisano. "Why Leaders Don't Learn from Success." Harvard Business Review 89, no. 4 (April 2011): 68–74.
- Article
The Artful Dodger: Answering the Wrong Question the Right Way
By: Todd Rogers and Michael I. Norton
What happens when speakers try to "dodge" a question they would rather not answer by answering a different question? In 4 studies, we show that listeners can fail to detect dodges when speakers answer similar-but objectively incorrect-questions (the "artful dodge"), a...
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Rogers, Todd, and Michael I. Norton. "The Artful Dodger: Answering the Wrong Question the Right Way." Journal of Experimental Psychology: Applied 17, no. 2 (June 2011): 139–147.
- September 2010
- Article
Making Self-Regulation More Than Merely Symbolic: The Critical Role of the Legal Environment
By: Jodi L. Short and Michael W. Toffel
Using data from a sample of U.S. industrial facilities subject to the federal Clean Air Act from 1993 to 2003, this article theorizes and tests the conditions under which organizations' symbolic commitments to self-regulate are particularly likely to result in improved...
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Keywords:
Adoption;
Code Law;
Environmental Sustainability;
Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms;
Organizations;
Governance Compliance;
Strategy;
Motivation and Incentives;
United States
Short, Jodi L., and Michael W. Toffel. "Making Self-Regulation More Than Merely Symbolic: The Critical Role of the Legal Environment." Administrative Science Quarterly 55, no. 3 (September 2010): 361–396. (Lead article; Featured in the Stanford Social Innovation Review (Summer 2011) and in Behind the scenes of the Administrative Science Quarterly.)
- April 2010 (Revised January 2013)
- Case
California's Budget Crises, Tax Reform, and Domestic and International Tax Competition
By: Matthew C. Weinzierl and Jacob Kuipers
How do (and how should) governments design fiscal policies to compete in a globalized economy while meeting internal policy priorities including redistribution? In 2009, Governor Arnold Schwarzenegger repeatedly declared fiscal emergencies as California's state budget...
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Keywords:
Budgets and Budgeting;
Economy;
Globalization;
Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms;
Policy;
Taxation;
Competition;
California
Weinzierl, Matthew C., and Jacob Kuipers. "California's Budget Crises, Tax Reform, and Domestic and International Tax Competition." Harvard Business School Case 710-038, April 2010. (Revised January 2013.)
- March 2010 (Revised May 2012)
- Case
Myelin Repair Foundation: Accelerating Drug Discovery Through Collaboration
By: Karim R. Lakhani and Paul R. Carlile
This case presents the Myelin Repair Foundation's accelerated research collaboration model for drug discovery. It highlights the challenges of building a multi-disciplinary and multi-institutional research collaboration that is attempting to create a treatment for...
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Keywords:
Research and Development;
Intellectual Property;
Risk and Uncertainty;
Strategic Planning;
Collaborative Innovation and Invention;
Health Disorders;
Pharmaceutical Industry;
Biotechnology Industry;
Health Industry
Lakhani, Karim R., and Paul R. Carlile. "Myelin Repair Foundation: Accelerating Drug Discovery Through Collaboration." Harvard Business School Case 610-074, March 2010. (Revised May 2012.)
- Article
Refined Configuration Results for Extremal Type II Lattices of Ranks 40 and 80
By: Noam D. Elkies and Scott Duke Kominers
We show that, if L is an extremal Type II lattice of rank 40 or 80, then L is generated by its vectors of norm min(L)+2. This sharpens earlier results of Ozeki, and the second author and Abel, which showed that such lattices L are generated by their vectors of norms...
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Keywords:
Mathematical Methods
Elkies, Noam D., and Scott Duke Kominers. "Refined Configuration Results for Extremal Type II Lattices of Ranks 40 and 80." Proceedings of the American Mathematical Society 138, no. 1 (January 2010): 105–108.
- November 2009
- Article
Neural Mechanisms of Social Influence
By: Malia Mason, Rebecca Dyer and Michael I. Norton
The present investigation explores the neural mechanisms underlying the impact of social influence on preferences. We socially tagged symbols as valued or not-by exposing participants to the preferences of their peers-and assessed subsequent brain activity during an...
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Mason, Malia, Rebecca Dyer, and Michael I. Norton. "Neural Mechanisms of Social Influence." Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes 110, no. 2 (November 2009): 152–159.
- 2009
- Chapter
The Principles of Embedded Liberalism: Social Legitimacy and Global Capitalism
By: Rawi Abdelal and John G. Ruggie
In this essay we revisit the principles of “embedded liberalism” and argue for their relevance to the contemporary global economy. The most essential principle is the need for markets to enjoy social legitimacy, because their political sustainability ultimately depends...
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Keywords:
Economic Systems;
Ethics;
International Finance;
Globalization;
Multinational Firms and Management;
Corporate Governance;
Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms;
Labor
Abdelal, Rawi, and John G. Ruggie. "The Principles of Embedded Liberalism: Social Legitimacy and Global Capitalism." In New Perspectives on Regulation, edited by David Moss and John Cisternino, 151–162. Cambridge, MA: Tobin Project, 2009.
- 2009
- Working Paper
Firsthand Experience and the Subsequent Role of Reflected Knowledge in Cultivating Trust in Global Collaboration
By: Mark Mortensen and T. B. Neeley
While scholars contend that firsthand experience—time spent onsite observing the people, places, and norms of a distant locale—is crucial in globally distributed collaboration, how such experience actually affects interpersonal dynamics is poorly understood. Based on...
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Keywords:
Interpersonal Communication;
Experience and Expertise;
Globalized Firms and Management;
Knowledge Acquisition;
Knowledge Use and Leverage;
Trust
Mortensen, Mark, and T. B. Neeley. "Firsthand Experience and the Subsequent Role of Reflected Knowledge in Cultivating Trust in Global Collaboration." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 09-131, May 2009. (Under second review, Management Science.)
- 2009
- Working Paper
Taking a 'Deep Dive': What Only a Top Leader Can Do
By: Howard H. Yu and Joseph L. Bower
Unlike most historical accounts of strategic change inside large firms, empirical research on strategic management rarely uses the day-to-day behaviors of top executives as the unit of analysis. By examining the resource allocation process closely, we introduce the...
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Keywords:
Leading Change;
Management Practices and Processes;
Resource Allocation;
Business Processes;
Organizational Change and Adaptation;
Organizational Culture;
Organizational Structure
Yu, Howard H., and Joseph L. Bower. "Taking a 'Deep Dive': What Only a Top Leader Can Do." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 09-109, April 2009. (Revised February 2010, May 2010.)
- 2009
- Working Paper
Securing Jobs or the New Protectionism?: Taxing the Overseas Activities of Multinational Firms
By: Mihir A. Desai
Tax policy toward American multinational firms would appear to be approaching a crossroads. The presumed linkages between domestic employment conditions and the growth of foreign operations by American firms have led to calls for increased taxation on foreign...
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Keywords:
Multinational Firms and Management;
Policy;
Taxation;
Job Cuts and Outsourcing;
United States
Desai, Mihir A. "Securing Jobs or the New Protectionism?: Taxing the Overseas Activities of Multinational Firms." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 09-107, March 2009.
- Article
Configurations of Rank-40r Extremal Even Unimodular Lattices (r=1,2,3)
By: Scott Duke Kominers and Zachary Abel
We show that if L is an extremal even unimodular lattice of rank 40r with r=1,2,3 then L is generated by its vectors of norms 4r and 4r+2. Our result is an extension of Ozeki's result for the case r=1.
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Keywords:
Mathematical Methods
Kominers, Scott Duke, and Zachary Abel. "Configurations of Rank-40r Extremal Even Unimodular Lattices (r=1,2,3)." Journal de Théorie des Nombres de Bordeaux 20, no. 2 (2008): 365–371.
- Article
Contagion and Differentiation in Unethical Behavior: The Effect of One Bad Apple on the Barrel
By: F. Gino, S. Ayal and D. Ariely
In a world where encounters with dishonesty are frequent, it is important to know if exposure to other people's unethical behavior can increase or decrease an individual's dishonesty. In Experiment 1, our confederate cheated ostentatiously by finishing a task...
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Gino, F., S. Ayal, and D. Ariely. "Contagion and Differentiation in Unethical Behavior: The Effect of One Bad Apple on the Barrel." Psychological Science 20, no. 3 (March 2009): 393–398.
- 2009
- Article
The Dynamics of Silencing Conflict
By: Leslie Perlow and Nelson Repenning
In many organizations, when people perceive a difference with another they often do not fully express themselves. Despite creating innumerable problems, silencing conflict is a persistent phenomenon. While the antecedents of acts of silence are well documented, little...
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Perlow, Leslie, and Nelson Repenning. "The Dynamics of Silencing Conflict." Research in Organizational Behavior 29 (2009): 195–223.