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- July–August 2021
- Article
SPACs: What You Need to Know
By: Max Bazerman and Paresh Patel
Special purpose acquisition companies, or SPACs, have been around in various forms for decades, but during the past two years they’ve taken off in the United States. In 2019, 59 were created, with $13 billion invested; in 2020, 247 were created, with $80 billion...
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Keywords:
Special Purpose Acquisition Companies;
SPACs;
Mergers and Acquisitions;
Going Public;
Investment
Bazerman, Max, and Paresh Patel. "SPACs: What You Need to Know." Harvard Business Review 99, no. 4 (July–August 2021): 102–111.
- June 2021
- Technical Note
SPAC Space
By: John R. Wells and Benjamin Weinstock
In 2020, over half of all initial public offerings (IPOs) in the United States were special purpose acquisition companies (SPACs), blank-check companies that typically had two years to find a business to take public, usually through a reverse merger. Together, 248...
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Keywords:
Special Purpose Acquisition Companies;
SPACs;
Mergers and Acquisitions;
Going Public;
Initial Public Offering;
Investment;
Strategy
Wells, John R., and Benjamin Weinstock. "SPAC Space." Harvard Business School Technical Note 721-456, June 2021.
- 2023
- Working Paper
Segmented Going-Public Markets and the Demand for SPACs
By: Angela Ma, Miles Zheng and Jessica Bai
We provide a regulatory-arbitrage-based explanation for the origin and proliferation of the Special Purpose Acquisition Company (SPAC). SPAC sponsors act as non-bank intermediaries, and the SPAC market structure appeals to yield-seeking investors and riskier,...
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Keywords:
Special Purpose Acquisition Companies;
Non-bank Intermediaries;
Regulatory Arbitrage;
Adverse Selection;
Initial Public Offering
Ma, Angela, Miles Zheng, and Jessica Bai. "Segmented Going-Public Markets and the Demand for SPACs." Working Paper, 2023.
- December 2013 (Revised May 2015)
- Supplement
Land Acquisition in India: Public Purpose and Private Property (C)
By: Laura Alfaro, Lakshmi Iyer and Rachna Tahilyani
Keywords:
India;
Special Economic Zones;
Land Markets;
Land Politics;
Industrial Development;
Land Reform;
Developing Markets;
Developing Countries;
Industrialization;
Industrial Property;
Economic Growth;
Developing Countries and Economies;
Economics;
Economy;
Macroeconomics;
Social Issues;
India;
Asia;
South Asia
Alfaro, Laura, Lakshmi Iyer, and Rachna Tahilyani. "Land Acquisition in India: Public Purpose and Private Property (C)." Harvard Business School Supplement 714-023, December 2013. (Revised May 2015.)
- December 2008 (Revised October 2012)
- Case
Special Economic Zones in India: Public Purpose and Private Property (A)
By: Laura Alfaro and Lakshmi Iyer
In 2005, the government of India enacted the Special Economic Zones (SEZ) Act in order to attract investment, generate export revenues, and create manufacturing jobs. However, several planned projects faced difficulties in acquiring land for setting up the SEZ. In...
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Keywords:
Acquisition;
Development Economics;
Economic Growth;
Policy;
Government Legislation;
Property;
Business and Community Relations;
Business and Government Relations;
India
Alfaro, Laura, and Lakshmi Iyer. "Special Economic Zones in India: Public Purpose and Private Property (A)." Harvard Business School Case 709-027, December 2008. (Revised October 2012.)
- Article
Governments as Owners: State-Owned Multinational Companies
By: Alvaro Cuervo-Cazurra, Andrew Inkpen, Aldo Musacchio and Kannan Ramaswamy
The globalization of state-owned multinational companies (SOMNCs) has become an important phenomenon in international business (IB), yet it has received scant attention in the literature. We explain how the analysis of SOMNCs can help advance the literature by...
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Keywords:
Multinational Corporation;
State-owned Enterprises;
State Capitalism;
FDI;
Internationalization;
Government And Business;
National Oil Companies;
State Ownership;
Multinational Firms and Management;
Business Subsidiaries;
Acquisition;
Pharmaceutical Industry;
Energy Industry;
China;
India;
Europe
Cuervo-Cazurra, Alvaro, Andrew Inkpen, Aldo Musacchio, and Kannan Ramaswamy. "Governments as Owners: State-Owned Multinational Companies." Special Issue on Governments as Owners: Globalizing State-Owned Enterprises edited by Alvaro Cuervo-Cazurra, Andrew Inkpen, Aldo Musacchio and Kannan Ramaswamy. Journal of International Business Studies 45, no. 8 (October–November 2014): 919–942.
- February 2009 (Revised October 2012)
- Case
Tata Motors in Singur: Public Purpose and Private Property (B)
By: Laura Alfaro, Lakshmi Iyer and Namrata Arora
In October 2008, Tata Motors canceled their car manufacturing plant in West Bengal state, in the face of widespread farmer protests over land acquisition issues. This meant abandoning a project in which the company had invested $300 million and delaying the launch of...
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Keywords:
Business Exit or Shutdown;
Rights;
Emerging Markets;
Property;
Business and Government Relations;
Conflict and Resolution;
Auto Industry;
Manufacturing Industry;
West Bengal
Alfaro, Laura, Lakshmi Iyer, and Namrata Arora. "Tata Motors in Singur: Public Purpose and Private Property (B)." Harvard Business School Case 709-029, February 2009. (Revised October 2012.)
- 02 Apr 2008
- Research & Ideas
Four Companies that Conquered America
company does not have a strong presence in the USA. So how do you penetrate the U.S. market? The annals of business are littered with foreign companies that have never quite succeeded in the USA. But here...
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Keywords:
by John Quelch
- 23 May 2012
- Research & Ideas
Five Ways to Make Your Company More Innovative
In a hypercompetitive global economy, creativity has never been more important for success . But how do you create a company that unleashes and capitalizes on innovation? For answers, writers at the HBS Alumni Bulletin turned to five HBS...
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- April 2016
- Teaching Note
Whither the Weather (Company): Forecasting 2016
By: Rosabeth Moss Kanter and Jonathan Cohen
This Note was created for the purpose of aiding classroom instructors in the use of the Harvard Business School case, "Whither the Weather (Company): Forecasting 2016." As chairman and CEO, David Kenny guided the Weather Company's transformation from a cable television...
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- 19 May 2014
- Research & Ideas
Why Companies Should Compete for Your Privacy
targeted ads on the lockscreen and home screen, consumers clamored for an ad-free version. Amazon backtracked and extended its Special Offers program to the tablet, allowing consumers to opt out from the ads. Q: You're expecting that more...
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- 01 Feb 2022
- Book
Innovation Isn’t Just for Startups: How Big Companies Can Succeed
What if more managers at big corporations channeled some of the same magic that helped Tesla CEO Elon Musk and Amazon founder Jeff Bezos lead their startups to great success? Large companies are actually fertile ground for innovation;...
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Keywords:
by Lane Lambert
- October 2012
- Case
Winfield Refuse Management, Inc.: Raising Debt vs. Equity
By: W. Carl Kester and Sunru Yong
A small, publicly traded company specializing in non-hazardous waste management considers a major acquisition in the Midwestern U.S. The acquisition can provide entry into the region, help the firm compete in a competitive industry, and improve its cost position. The...
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Keywords:
United States;
Acquisitions;
Capital Structure;
Equity Capital;
Debt Management;
Expansion;
Leveraged Buyouts;
Financial Analysis;
Administrative/Support/Waste Management/Remediation Services;
Equity;
Borrowing and Debt;
Service Industry
Kester, W. Carl, and Sunru Yong. "Winfield Refuse Management, Inc.: Raising Debt vs. Equity." Harvard Business School Brief Case 913-530, October 2012.
- 26 Jan 2004
- Research & Ideas
What Developing-World Companies Teach Us About Innovation
When most people think of innovation, they envision developed-world companies such as the U.S.A.'s IBM, Japan's Sony, South Korea's Samsung, Finland's Nokia, or Switzerland's Novartis, technology leaders that have stayed at the cutting...
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- September 2008
- Case
Yucheng Technology
By: Li Jin, Li Liao, Chang Chen and Aldo Sesia
The founder and CEO of an IT company servicing the needs of the financial services industry in China needs to raise capital for the company to grow and survive. He has two options. He can try and obtain financing from private equity investors, or he can accept a...
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- January 2017 (Revised March 2017)
- Case
Royal DSM: From Continuous Transformation to Organic Growth
By: William W. George, Carin-Isabel Knoop and Amram Migdal
Royal DSM CEO Feike Sijbesma was pondering the challenges of shifting DSM’s global organization from the constant transformations of the past 100 years to creating organic growth. When Sijbesma took the helm as CEO in 2007, he further pushed and completed the company’s...
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Keywords:
Organic Growth;
Organizational Change;
M&A;
Mergers And Acquisitions;
Divestment;
Business Ventures;
Business Divisions;
Business Growth and Maturation;
Restructuring;
Change;
Change Management;
Transformation;
Transition;
Engineering;
Chemicals;
Mining;
Ethics;
Values and Beliefs;
Finance;
Capital Markets;
Financial Markets;
Food;
Globalization;
Global Strategy;
Globalized Firms and Management;
Globalized Markets and Industries;
Health;
Nutrition;
History;
Leadership;
Leadership Development;
Leadership Style;
Leading Change;
Management;
Business or Company Management;
Growth and Development Strategy;
Growth Management;
Management Practices and Processes;
Management Style;
Organizations;
Corporate Social Responsibility and Impact;
Mission and Purpose;
Organizational Change and Adaptation;
Organizational Culture;
Organizational Design;
Ownership;
Public Ownership;
Performance;
Strategy;
Adaptation;
Consolidation;
Corporate Strategy;
Value;
Value Creation;
Biotechnology Industry;
Chemical Industry;
Food and Beverage Industry;
Mining Industry;
Pharmaceutical Industry;
Europe;
Netherlands
George, William W., Carin-Isabel Knoop, and Amram Migdal. "Royal DSM: From Continuous Transformation to Organic Growth." Harvard Business School Case 317-063, January 2017. (Revised March 2017.)
- December 2019 (Revised June 2021)
- Case
Mãe Terra and Unilever (A)
By: Lynn S. Paine, Ruth Costas and Priscilla Zogbi
The case concerns the sale of Mãe Terra, one of Brazil's leading brands for packaged organic foods, to the consumer goods giant Unilever in 2017. Working with Unilever management, Mãe Terra’s CEO Alexandre Borges must determine whether and how to keep Mãe Terra's B...
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Keywords:
Mergers & Acquisitions;
Brand Management;
Sustainability;
Mergers and Acquisitions;
Mission and Purpose;
Social Enterprise;
Corporate Governance;
Governing and Advisory Boards;
Environmental Sustainability;
Organizational Culture;
Food and Beverage Industry;
Agriculture and Agribusiness Industry;
Brazil;
Latin America
Paine, Lynn S., Ruth Costas, and Priscilla Zogbi. "Mãe Terra and Unilever (A)." Harvard Business School Case 320-075, December 2019. (Revised June 2021.)
- February 2021 (Revised April 2021)
- Case
Board Director Dilemmas—Back the SPAC?
By: Suraj Srinivasan, David G. Fubini and Amram Migdal
This case focuses on a board director of a diversified holding company. The firm’s longtime CEO had always exhibited a cautious, methodical approach to growth. Now, the CEO is raising the idea of joining with a special purpose acquisition company (SPAC) to spin off...
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Srinivasan, Suraj, David G. Fubini, and Amram Migdal. "Board Director Dilemmas—Back the SPAC?" Harvard Business School Case 121-042, February 2021. (Revised April 2021.)
- September 2021 (Revised December 2021)
- Case
Spire, the CubeSat Revolution, and the Government as a Space Data Customer
By: Matthew Weinzierl, Mehak Sarang and Brendan L. Rosseau
This case outlines the rise of Spire Global, a young space company using CubeSats to provide weather data and weather prediction services. In addition to tracing the evolution of a space startup from novel idea to publicly-traded company, the case also examines the...
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Keywords:
Space;
Government Contracting;
Remote Sensing;
Satellites;
Business Startups;
Public Sector;
Cost vs Benefits;
Competition;
Weather;
Forecasting and Prediction
Weinzierl, Matthew, Mehak Sarang, and Brendan L. Rosseau. "Spire, the CubeSat Revolution, and the Government as a Space Data Customer." Harvard Business School Case 722-013, September 2021. (Revised December 2021.)
- March 1991 (Revised August 1994)
- Case
Berkshire Partners
Berkshire Partners is a limited partnership engaged in the acquisition of companies valued between $25 million and $250 million. The purpose of the case is to examine the resources of the firm and discuss the firm's competitive advantage vis-a-vis other types of...
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Keywords:
Working Capital;
Partners and Partnerships;
Competitive Advantage;
Acquisition;
Corporate Finance
Montgomery, Cynthia A. "Berkshire Partners." Harvard Business School Case 391-091, March 1991. (Revised August 1994.)