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All HBS Web
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- Faculty Publications (196)
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- February 2018
- Article
Heterogeneous Technology Diffusion and Ricardian Trade Patterns
By: William R. Kerr
This study tests the importance of Ricardian technology differences for international trade. The empirical analysis has three comparative advantages: including emerging and advanced economies, isolating panel variation regarding the link between productivity and...
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Keywords:
Exports;
Comparative Advantage;
Technological Transfer;
Innovation;
Networks;
Patents;
Residency;
Technology Adoption;
Trade;
Research and Development;
Immigration;
United States
Kerr, William R. "Heterogeneous Technology Diffusion and Ricardian Trade Patterns." World Bank Economic Review 32, no. 1 (February 2018): 163–182.
- February 2018
- Article
Patent Publication and the Market for Ideas
By: Deepak Hegde and Hong Luo
In this paper, we study the effect of invention disclosure through patent publication on the market for ideas. We do so by analyzing the effects of the American Inventor's Protection Act of 1999 (AIPA)—which required U.S. patent applications to be published 18 months...
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Keywords:
Licensing;
Patent Publication;
Invention Disclosure;
Patents;
Information Publishing;
Innovation and Invention;
Knowledge Dissemination
Hegde, Deepak, and Hong Luo. "Patent Publication and the Market for Ideas." Management Science 64, no. 2 (February 2018): 652–672.
- January 2018 (Revised February 2023)
- Teaching Note
The Future of Patent Examination at the USPTO
This teaching note pairs with the case entitled: “The Future of Patent Examination at the USPTO” (case no. 617-027).
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- 2017
- Working Paper
The Use and Misuse of Patent Data: Issues for Corporate Finance and Beyond
By: Josh Lerner
Patents and citations are powerful tools for understanding innovative activity inside the firm and are increasingly used in corporate finance research. But due to the complexities of patent data collection and the changing spatial and industry composition of innovative...
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Lerner, Josh, and Amit Seru. "The Use and Misuse of Patent Data: Issues for Corporate Finance and Beyond." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 18-042, November 2017.
- Article
"Troll" Check? A Proposal for Administrative Review of Patent Litigation
By: Lauren Cohen, John Golden, Umit Gurun and Scott Duke Kominers
The patent system is commonly justified as a way to promote social welfare and, more specifically, technological progress. For years, however, there has been concern that patent litigation is undermining, rather than furthering, these goals. Particularly in the United...
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Cohen, Lauren, John Golden, Umit Gurun, and Scott Duke Kominers. "Troll" Check? A Proposal for Administrative Review of Patent Litigation. Boston University Law Review 97, no. 5 (October 2017): 1775–1841.
- July 2017
- Article
Intellectual Property Rights Protection, Ownership, and Innovation: Evidence from China
By: Lily Fang, Josh Lerner and Chaopeng Wu
Using a difference-in-difference approach, we study how intellectual property right (IPR) protection affects innovation in China in the years around the privatizations of state-owned enterprises (SOEs). Innovation increases after SOE privatizations, and this increase...
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Keywords:
Patents;
Privatization;
State Ownership;
Trademarks;
Copyright;
Innovation and Invention;
China
Fang, Lily, Josh Lerner, and Chaopeng Wu. "Intellectual Property Rights Protection, Ownership, and Innovation: Evidence from China." Review of Financial Studies 30, no. 7 (July 2017): 2446–2477.
- April 2017
- Case
The Future of Patent Examination at the USPTO
By: Prithwiraj Choudhury, Tarun Khanna and Sarah Mehta
The U.S. Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO) is the federal government agency responsible for evaluating and granting patents and trademarks. In 2015, the USPTO employed approximately 8,000 patent examiners who granted nearly 300,000 patents to inventors. As of April...
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Keywords:
Machine Learning;
Telework;
Collaborating With Unions;
Human Resources;
Recruitment;
Retention;
Intellectual Property;
Copyright;
Patents;
Trademarks;
Knowledge Sharing;
Technology Adoption;
Organizational Change and Adaptation;
Performance Productivity;
Performance Improvement;
District of Columbia
Choudhury, Prithwiraj, Tarun Khanna, and Sarah Mehta. "The Future of Patent Examination at the USPTO." Harvard Business School Case 617-027, April 2017.
- April 2017
- Article
Prizes, Patents and the Search for Longitude
By: M. Diane Burton and Tom Nicholas
The 1714 Longitude Act created the Board of Longitude to administer a large monetary prize and progress payments for the precise determination of a ship’s longitude. However, the prize did not prohibit patenting. We use a new dataset of marine chronometer inventors to...
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Burton, M. Diane, and Tom Nicholas. "Prizes, Patents and the Search for Longitude." Explorations in Economic History 64 (April 2017): 21–36.
- March 2017 (Revised May 2018)
- Case
Edwin Land: The Art and Science of Innovation
By: Tom Nicholas, Christopher Stanton and Matthew Preble
Throughout the second half of the 20th century, Polaroid first invented—and then continuously reinvented—the field of instant photography. Under the leadership of its mercurial founder Edwin Land, the company regularly released new instant cameras and films, often...
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Keywords:
Instant Photography;
Company History;
Change Management;
Disruption;
Forecasting and Prediction;
Entrepreneurship;
Business History;
Innovation Strategy;
Disruptive Innovation;
Innovation and Management;
Intellectual Property;
Patents;
Product Marketing;
Brands and Branding;
Product Launch;
Product Development;
Chemical Industry;
Consumer Products Industry;
United States
Nicholas, Tom, Christopher Stanton, and Matthew Preble. "Edwin Land: The Art and Science of Innovation." Harvard Business School Case 817-107, March 2017. (Revised May 2018.)
- 2017
- Working Paper
The Rise of American Ingenuity: Innovation and Inventors of the Golden Age
By: Ufuk Akcigit, John Grigsby and Tom Nicholas
We examine the golden age of U.S. innovation by undertaking a major data collection exercise linking inventors from historical U.S. patents to Federal Censuses between 1880 and 1940 and to regional economic aggregates. We provide a theoretical framework to motivate the...
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Akcigit, Ufuk, John Grigsby, and Tom Nicholas. "The Rise of American Ingenuity: Innovation and Inventors of the Golden Age." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 17-063, January 2017. (Revised June 2017.)
- 2017
- Chapter
Empirical Evidence on the Behavior and Impact of Patent Trolls: A Survey
By: Lauren Cohen, Umit Gurun and Scott Duke Kominers
We survey the empirical literature on non-practicing entity (NPE) litigation behavior and its consequences. We document both aggregate trends and cross-sectional differences amongst various types of NPEs. Survey evidence illustrates a number of ways in which NPEs can...
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Keywords:
Patent Trolls;
NPEs;
PAEs;
Innovation;
Patents;
Lawsuits and Litigation;
Innovation and Invention
Cohen, Lauren, Umit Gurun, and Scott Duke Kominers. "Empirical Evidence on the Behavior and Impact of Patent Trolls: A Survey." In Patent Assertion Entities and Competition Policy, edited by D. Daniel Sokol. Cambridge University Press, 2017.
- 2016
- Working Paper
Foreign Competition and Domestic Innovation: Evidence from U.S. Patents
By: David Autor, David Dorn, Gordon H. Hanson, Pian Shu and Gary Pisano
Manufacturing is the locus of U.S. innovation, accounting for more than three quarters of U.S. corporate patents. The rise of import competition from China has represented a major competitive shock to the sector, which in theory could benefit or stifle innovation. In...
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Keywords:
Patents;
Competition;
System Shocks;
Trade;
Innovation and Invention;
Manufacturing Industry;
China;
United States
Autor, David, David Dorn, Gordon H. Hanson, Pian Shu, and Gary Pisano. "Foreign Competition and Domestic Innovation: Evidence from U.S. Patents." NBER Working Paper Series, No. 22879, December 2016.
- November–December 2016
- Article
The Impact of Patent Wars on Firm Strategy: Evidence from the Global Smartphone Industry
By: Yongwook Paik and Feng Zhu
Strategy scholars have documented in various empirical settings that firms seek and leverage stronger institutions to mitigate hazards and gain competitive advantage. In this paper, we argue that such “institution-seeking” behavior may not be confined to the pursuit of...
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Keywords:
Patent Wars;
Patent Litigation;
Intellectual Property (IP) Enforcement;
Institutions;
Patent Thicket;
Smartphone;
Patents;
Corporate Strategy;
Mobile Technology
Paik, Yongwook, and Feng Zhu. "The Impact of Patent Wars on Firm Strategy: Evidence from the Global Smartphone Industry." Organization Science 27, no. 6 (November–December 2016): 1397–1416.
- 2016
- Working Paper
Innovation Network
By: Daron Acemoglu, Ufuk Akcigit and William Kerr
Technological progress builds upon itself, with the expansion of invention in one domain propelling future work in linked fields. Our analysis uses 1.8 million U.S. patents and their citation properties to map the innovation network and its strength. Past innovation...
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Acemoglu, Daron, Ufuk Akcigit, and William Kerr. "Innovation Network." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 17-033, October 2016.
- October 2016 (Revised September 2017)
- Case
The CRISPR-Cas9 Quarrel
By: Richard G. Hamermesh and Matthew G. Preble
In mid-2016, the Broad Institute and the University of California, Berkeley were in the middle of a contentious patent dispute over which entity controlled a breakthrough gene editing technology called CRISPR-Cas9. With CRISPR-Cas9, scientists might soon be able to...
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Keywords:
CRISPR;
Broad Institute;
University Of California Berkeley;
Intellectual Property;
Patents;
Law;
Lawsuits and Litigation;
Science;
Genetics;
Entrepreneurship;
Biotechnology Industry;
United States
Hamermesh, Richard G., and Matthew G. Preble. "The CRISPR-Cas9 Quarrel." Harvard Business School Case 817-020, October 2016. (Revised September 2017.)
- 2016
- Working Paper
Patent Disclosures and Standard-Setting
By: Josh Lerner, Haris Tabakovic and Jean Tirole
A key role of standard setting organizations (SSOs) is to aggregate information on relevant intellectual property (IP) claims before deciding on a standard. This article explores the firms’ strategies in response to IP disclosure requirements—in particular, the choice...
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Lerner, Josh, Haris Tabakovic, and Jean Tirole. "Patent Disclosures and Standard-Setting." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 17-030, October 2016.
- October 11, 2016
- Article
Innovation Network
By: Daron Acemoglu, Ufuk Akcigit and William R. Kerr
Technological progress builds upon itself, with the expansion of invention in one domain propelling future work in linked fields. Our analysis uses 1.8 million U.S. patents and their citation properties to map the innovation network and its strength. Past innovation...
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Acemoglu, Daron, Ufuk Akcigit, and William R. Kerr. "Innovation Network." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 113, no. 41 (October 11, 2016).
- Article
Invention and Agglomeration in the Bay Area: Not Just ICT
By: Chris Forman, Avi Goldfarb and Shane Greenstein
We document that the Bay Area rose from 4% of all successful US patent applications in 1976 to 16% in 2008. This is partly driven by the increase in the prevalence of information and communication technology; however, even for patents unrelated to information and...
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Forman, Chris, Avi Goldfarb, and Shane Greenstein. "Invention and Agglomeration in the Bay Area: Not Just ICT." American Economic Review: Papers and Proceedings 106, no. 5 (May 2016): 146–151.
- Article
The Growing Problem of Patent Trolling
By: Lauren Cohen, Umit Gurun and Scott Duke Kominers
The last decade has seen a sharp rise in patent litigation in the U.S., with 2015 having one of the highest patent lawsuit counts on record. In theory, this could be a consequence of growth in the commercialization of technology and innovation—patent lawsuits increase...
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Keywords:
Patent Aggregators;
Patent Litigation;
Patent Pools;
Patent Trolls;
Patents;
Lawsuits and Litigation;
United States
Cohen, Lauren, Umit Gurun, and Scott Duke Kominers. "The Growing Problem of Patent Trolling." Science 352, no. 6285 (April 29, 2016): 521–522. (Explanatory Video.)
- 2016
- Working Paper
The Impact of Patent Wars on Firm Strategy: Evidence from the Global Smartphone Market
By: Feng Zhu
Strategy scholars have documented in various empirical settings that firms seek and leverage stronger institutions to mitigate hazards and gain competitive advantage. In this paper, we argue that such “institution-seeking” behavior may not be confined to the pursuit of...
View Details
Keywords:
Patent Wars;
Patent Litigation;
Intellectual Property (IP) Enforcement;
Institutions;
Smartphone;
Patent Thicket;
Digital Platforms;
Patents;
Lawsuits and Litigation;
Globalized Markets and Industries;
Business Strategy;
Telecommunications Industry
Paik, Yongwook, and Feng Zhu. "The Impact of Patent Wars on Firm Strategy: Evidence from the Global Smartphone Market." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 14-015, August 2013. (Revised March 2016.)