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- Faculty Publications (331)
Trade →
- March 2019 (Revised June 2019)
- Case
Global Sourcing at Nike
By: Nien-hê Hsieh, Michael W. Toffel and Olivia Hull
This case explores the evolution of Nike’s global product sourcing strategy, in particular ongoing efforts to improve working conditions at its suppliers’ factories. When the case opens in July 2018, Vice President of Sourcing Amanda Tucker and her colleagues in Nike’s...
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Keywords:
Sourcing;
Factory Conditions;
Trade;
Geography;
Geographic Scope;
Globalized Firms and Management;
Corporate Accountability;
Corporate Governance;
Governance Compliance;
Collaborative Innovation and Invention;
Innovation Strategy;
Labor;
Human Capital;
Working Conditions;
Supply Chain Management;
Corporate Social Responsibility and Impact;
Organizational Change and Adaptation;
Labor and Management Relations;
Complexity;
Sports Industry;
Fashion Industry;
Oregon;
Portland;
Asia;
North and Central America
Hsieh, Nien-hê, Michael W. Toffel, and Olivia Hull. "Global Sourcing at Nike." Harvard Business School Case 619-008, March 2019. (Revised June 2019.)
- 2019
- Working Paper
Labor Market Shocks and the Demand for Trade Protection: Evidence from Online Surveys
By: Rafael Di Tella and Dani Rodrik
We study preferences for government action in response to layoffs resulting from different types of labor-market shocks. We consider the following shocks: technological change, a demand shift, bad management, and three kinds of international outsourcing. Respondents...
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Di Tella, Rafael, and Dani Rodrik. "Labor Market Shocks and the Demand for Trade Protection: Evidence from Online Surveys." NBER Working Paper Series, No. 25705, March 2019.
- February 2019 (Revised January 2020)
- Teaching Note
Renegotiating NAFTA
By: Laura Alfaro and Sarah Jeong
On January 16, 2020, the Senate passed a landmark trade deal that would replace the 26-year-old North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA). Until the United States-Mexico-Canada Agreement (USMCA) was signed, considerable debate had surrounded it. The new agreement...
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- February 2019 (Revised January 2022)
- Case
The U.S. – China Trade War
By: Alberto Cavallo, Mariana Cal and Anne Laski
On December 1, 2018, U.S. President Donald Trump and China’s Leader Xi Jinping faced each other across a dinner table during a G20 meeting in Buenos Aires, Argentina. After what Trump called an “amazing and productive meeting,” the two leaders announced a truce in the...
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Keywords:
Trade War;
Trump;
Current Account;
NAFTA;
Balance Of Payments;
Intellectual Property Protection;
Trade;
Macroeconomics;
Economic Slowdown and Stagnation;
International Relations;
United States;
China
Cavallo, Alberto, Mariana Cal, and Anne Laski. "The U.S. – China Trade War." Harvard Business School Case 719-034, February 2019. (Revised January 2022.)
- December 2018 (Revised May 2019)
- Case
Bord Bia: Strategically Growing Irish Exports
By: Jose B. Alvarez, Forest L. Reinhardt and Emer Moloney
Agriculture was Ireland’s largest indigenous industry. Its agri-food sector was export driven, with almost 90% of production exported. Bord Bia was the Irish government agency charged with the promotion, trade development, and marketing of the Irish food, drink, and...
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Keywords:
Agribusiness;
Trends;
Disruption;
Communication Strategy;
Experience and Expertise;
Talent and Talent Management;
Public Sector;
Trade;
Education;
Food;
Geography;
Geographic Location;
Rural Scope;
Corporate Governance;
Government Administration;
Information;
Knowledge Dissemination;
Marketing Channels;
Brands and Branding;
Marketing Communications;
Marketing Strategy;
Planning;
Business and Government Relations;
Environmental Sustainability;
Public Opinion;
Business Strategy;
Diversification;
Agriculture and Agribusiness Industry;
Food and Beverage Industry;
Public Administration Industry;
Retail Industry;
Republic of Ireland;
United Kingdom;
Europe
Alvarez, Jose B., Forest L. Reinhardt, and Emer Moloney. "Bord Bia: Strategically Growing Irish Exports." Harvard Business School Case 519-043, December 2018. (Revised May 2019.)
- 2018
- Book
The Academy of Fisticuffs: Political Economy and Commercial Society in Enlightenment Italy
The terms “capitalism” and “socialism” continue to haunt our political and economic imaginations, but we rarely consider their interconnected early history. Even the 18th century had its “socialists,” but unlike those of the 19th, they paradoxically sought to make the...
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Keywords:
Enlightenment;
Political Economy;
Italy;
Commercial Society;
Economic Systems;
Trade;
History;
Markets;
Society;
Italy
Reinert, Sophus A. The Academy of Fisticuffs: Political Economy and Commercial Society in Enlightenment Italy. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2018.
- November 2018 (Revised April 2019)
- Case
Zespri Grows
By: David E. Bell and Natalie Kindred
Controlling about a third of global kiwifruit exports by volume and nearly half by value in 2018, Zespri was a grower-owned “corporatized cooperative” with the exclusive right to export New Zealand-grown kiwifruit (except to Australia). Zespri did not grow fruit but...
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Keywords:
Agribusiness;
Kiwi;
Kiwifruit;
Agriculture;
Global Supply Chain;
Branding;
Produce;
Coordinated Industry Structure;
Industry Coordination;
Countercyclical Supply;
New Product Development;
Product Strategy;
Differentiation;
Food;
Quality;
Trade;
Brands and Branding;
Marketing;
Strategy;
Global Strategy;
Change Management;
Organizational Change and Adaptation;
Globalization;
Globalized Firms and Management;
Competitive Strategy;
Resource Allocation;
Product Development;
Agriculture and Agribusiness Industry;
Consumer Products Industry;
Food and Beverage Industry;
New Zealand
Bell, David E., and Natalie Kindred. "Zespri Grows." Harvard Business School Case 519-047, November 2018. (Revised April 2019.)
- 2018
- Working Paper
UK Competitiveness after Brexit
On June 23rd, 2016 52% of UK voters opted to put their country on the path to leave the European Union by March 29, 2019. This result was a surprise to many, and went against the advice of the vast majority of economic experts and business leaders. Two years later, and...
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Porter, Michael E. "UK Competitiveness after Brexit." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 19-029, September 2018. (Revised January 2019.)
- 2024
- Working Paper
Economic Integration and the Transmission of Democracy
By: Marco Tabellini and Giacomo Magistretti
In this paper, we study the effects of economic integration with democratic partners
on democracy. We assemble a large country-level panel dataset from 1960 to 2015, and
exploit improvements in air, relative to sea, transportation to derive a time-varying
instrument...
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Keywords:
Democratization;
Institutional Development;
Economic Integration;
International Trade;
Democracy;
Political Preferences;
Institutions;
Trade;
Global Range;
Economics;
Government and Politics
Tabellini, Marco, and Giacomo Magistretti. "Economic Integration and the Transmission of Democracy." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 19-003, July 2018. (Revised March 2024. Available also from VOX, VOXEU, Atlantico, The Economist, Domani, and Ideas for India. Longer NBER working paper version available here. Conditionally accepted at the Review of Economic Studies.)
- June 2018 (Revised January 2020)
- Case
Renegotiating NAFTA
By: Laura Alfaro, Haviland Sheldahl-Thomason and Sarah Jeong
January 1, 2019 marked the 25th anniversary of the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA). Twenty-five years after the landmark trade pact was signed by the United States, Canada, and Mexico, considerable debate surrounded it. Trade and trade agreements were a...
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Keywords:
Trade;
Negotiation;
Agreements and Arrangements;
Cost vs Benefits;
Auto Industry;
United States;
Mexico;
Canada
Alfaro, Laura, Haviland Sheldahl-Thomason, and Sarah Jeong. "Renegotiating NAFTA." Harvard Business School Case 318-143, June 2018. (Revised January 2020.)
- March 2018 (Revised April 2018)
- Supplement
1366 Technologies: Scaling the Venture (B)
By: Joseph B. Lassiter III and Ramana Nanda
It was March 2018. Should proposed U.S. solar tariffs keep U.S.-based 1366 CEO Frank van Mierlo from starting up his 1st full-scale manufacturing plant overseas?
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Keywords:
Entrepreneurship;
Finance;
Intellectual Property;
Trade;
Technology Industry;
Manufacturing Industry;
Energy Industry;
United States;
China;
Korean Peninsula
Lassiter, Joseph B., III, and Ramana Nanda. "1366 Technologies: Scaling the Venture (B)." Harvard Business School Supplement 818-116, March 2018. (Revised April 2018.)
- 2018
- Introduction
Introduction
BOOK ABSTRACT: When Istvan Hont died in 2013, the world lost a giant of intellectual history. A leader of the Cambridge School of Political Thought, Hont argued passionately for a global-historical approach to political ideas. To better understand the development of...
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Reinert, Sophus A. "Introduction." Introduction to Markets, Morals, Politics: Jealousy of Trade and the History of Political Thought, edited by Béla Kapossy, Isaac Nakhimovsky, Sophus A. Reinert, and Richard Whatmore, 1–22. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2018.
- 2018
- Book
Markets, Morals, Politics: Jealousy of Trade and the History of Political Thought
By: Béla Kapossy, Isaac Nakhimovsky, Sophus A. Reinert and Richard Whatmore
When Istvan Hont died in 2013, the world lost a giant of intellectual history. A leader of the Cambridge School of Political Thought, Hont argued passionately for a global-historical approach to political ideas. To better understand the development of liberalism, he...
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Keywords:
Morals;
Politics;
Istvan Hont;
Jealousy Of Trade;
Enlightenment;
Economic Nationalism;
Markets;
Moral Sensibility;
Government and Politics;
Trade;
History
Kapossy, Béla, Isaac Nakhimovsky, Sophus A. Reinert and Richard Whatmore, eds. Markets, Morals, Politics: Jealousy of Trade and the History of Political Thought. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2018.
- February 2018
- Article
Heterogeneous Technology Diffusion and Ricardian Trade Patterns
By: William R. Kerr
This study tests the importance of Ricardian technology differences for international trade. The empirical analysis has three comparative advantages: including emerging and advanced economies, isolating panel variation regarding the link between productivity and...
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Keywords:
Exports;
Comparative Advantage;
Technological Transfer;
Innovation;
Networks;
Patents;
Residency;
Technology Adoption;
Trade;
Research and Development;
Immigration;
United States
Kerr, William R. "Heterogeneous Technology Diffusion and Ricardian Trade Patterns." World Bank Economic Review 32, no. 1 (February 2018): 163–182.
- December 2017 (Revised November 2023)
- Course Overview Note
Business, Government, and the International Economy (BGIE)
Weinzierl, Matthew, Sophus A. Reinert, and Alberto Cavallo. "Business, Government, and the International Economy (BGIE)." Harvard Business School Course Overview Note 718-033, December 2017. (Revised November 2023.)
- December 2017 (Revised January 2024)
- Case
Globalization Past, 1850–1914 (A)
By: Sophus A. Reinert and Federica Gabrieli
On the evening of 3 August 1914, British Foreign Secretary Lord Edward Grey contemplated whether to advise King and Parliament to declare war on Germany in the wake of the country’s invasion of Belgium or to stay out of what quickly was becoming a world war triggered...
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Keywords:
The World;
The Rise And Fall Of Globalization;
World War;
Globalization;
War;
Economics;
Trade;
Business Cycles;
Economic Growth;
Economic Slowdown and Stagnation;
Society;
History;
Values and Beliefs;
Macroeconomics
Reinert, Sophus A., and Federica Gabrieli. "Globalization Past, 1850–1914 (A)." Harvard Business School Case 718-023, December 2017. (Revised January 2024.)
- December 2017
- Supplement
Globalization Past, 1850–1914 (B)
By: Sophus A. Reinert and Federica Gabrieli
Supplements the (A) case.
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Keywords:
The Rise And Fall Of Globalization;
World War;
The World;
Business Cycles;
Economic Growth;
Economic Slowdown and Stagnation;
Macroeconomics;
Trade;
Values and Beliefs;
Globalization;
War
Reinert, Sophus A., and Federica Gabrieli. "Globalization Past, 1850–1914 (B)." Harvard Business School Supplement 718-030, December 2017.
- April 2017 (Revised August 2018)
- Case
The U.S. Shale Revolution: Global Rebalancing?
By: Laura Alfaro and Richard H.K. Vietor
The American shale revolution has upended oil and gas markets for nearly a decade. Prices have risen then plunged, production has surged and then waned, LNG has boomed, and technology and productivity have improved. The U.S. energy policy, under the Obama...
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Keywords:
Shale Oil;
Shale Gas;
LNG;
Energy Policy;
Drilling Technology;
Energy;
Trade;
Economics;
Macroeconomics;
Policy;
Energy Industry;
Manufacturing Industry;
United States;
Middle East
Alfaro, Laura, and Richard H.K. Vietor. "The U.S. Shale Revolution: Global Rebalancing?" Harvard Business School Case 717-056, April 2017. (Revised August 2018.)
- February 2017
- Article
Resident Networks and Corporate Connections: Evidence from World War II Internment Camps
By: Lauren Cohen, Umit Gurun and Christopher J. Malloy
We demonstrate that simply by using the ethnic makeup surrounding a firm’s location, we can predict, on average, which trade links are valuable for firms. Using customs and port authority data on the international shipments of all U.S. publicly traded firms, we show...
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Keywords:
Information Networks;
Trade Links;
Firm Behavior;
Networks;
Geographic Location;
Ethnicity;
Organizations;
Trade
Cohen, Lauren, Umit Gurun, and Christopher J. Malloy. "Resident Networks and Corporate Connections: Evidence from World War II Internment Camps." Journal of Finance 72, no. 1 (February 2017): 207–248. (Winner of First Prize, the Inaugural Hakan Orbay Research Award, 2015.)
- 2017
- Chapter
Globalization in Historical Perspective
By: Pankaj Ghemawat and Geoffrey Jones
This chapter explores the role that firms have played over time in promoting international trade and investment. It takes a chronological perspective and is organized around a first wave of globalization from the mid-nineteenth century until the 1920s and a second wave...
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Keywords:
International Business;
International Marketing;
History;
Marketing;
Investment;
Trade;
Globalization
Ghemawat, Pankaj, and Geoffrey Jones. "Globalization in Historical Perspective." Chap. 3 in The Laws of Globalization and Business Applications, by Pankaj Ghemawat, 56–81. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2017.