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All HBS Web
(5,661)
- Faculty Publications (1,191)
Economy →
- June 1999 (Revised April 2003)
- Case
Zucamor S.A.: Global Competition in Argentina
Describes the evolution of Zucamor and its business strategy, particularly after the opening of the Argentine economy in 1992 and 1993. Traces the action that led to its association with U.S. paper giant Union Camp. Poses some of the critical challenges faced by the...
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Keywords:
Business Strategy;
Global Strategy;
Value;
Problems and Challenges;
Business or Company Management;
Goods and Commodities;
Alliances;
Pulp and Paper Industry;
Argentina;
United States
Rangan, V. Kasturi. "Zucamor S.A.: Global Competition in Argentina." Harvard Business School Case 599-096, June 1999. (Revised April 2003.)
- May 1999 (Revised December 2003)
- Case
European Monetary Union
By: Richard H.K. Vietor and Sabina M. Ciminero
On January 1, 1999, 11 European countries unified their currencies--48 years after their first integrative efforts. This marks a huge development in the structure of Europe and the world's economy. This case examines the integrative process, the Single Europe Act and...
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Keywords:
Money;
Currency;
Globalized Economies and Regions;
Markets;
International Relations;
Alliances;
System;
Integration;
Macroeconomics;
Business and Government Relations;
European Union
Vietor, Richard H.K., and Sabina M. Ciminero. "European Monetary Union." Harvard Business School Case 799-131, May 1999. (Revised December 2003.)
- March 1999
- Case
Eastman Kodak Company
By: Robert J. Dolan
Eastman Kodak has suffered significant declines in film market share at the hands of lower-priced branded producers and private label products. The case presents Kodak's proposal to launch a new economy brand of film to combat these rivals. A rewritten version of an...
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Keywords:
Segmentation;
Product Positioning;
Price;
Brands and Branding;
Product Launch;
Consumer Products Industry
Dolan, Robert J. "Eastman Kodak Company." Harvard Business School Case 599-106, March 1999.
- 1999
- Article
The Conspicuous Absence of Examination Questions Concerning the Great Irish Famine: Political Economy as Science and Ideology
By: Nien-he Hsieh
Hsieh, Nien-he. "The Conspicuous Absence of Examination Questions Concerning the Great Irish Famine: Political Economy as Science and Ideology." European Journal of the History of Economic Thought 6, no. 2 (1999): 169–199.
- December 1998
- Background Note
Retail Financial Services in 1998
By: Stephen P. Bradley and Takia Mahmood
Provides an overview of the current restructuring that is taking place in the retail financial services industry. Provides a brief overview of the structural changes in banking, brokerage, insurance, and mutual funds. Used as background for examining the strategies of...
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Keywords:
Economic Sectors;
Economy;
Financial Institutions;
Financial Markets;
Industry Growth;
Strategy;
Competitive Strategy;
Banking Industry;
Financial Services Industry
Bradley, Stephen P., and Takia Mahmood. "Retail Financial Services in 1998." Harvard Business School Background Note 799-051, December 1998.
- December 1998
- Supplement
An Interview with Zhang Ruimin, CEO, Haier Group, Video
By: Lynn S. Paine and Jennifer Benqing
Zhang Ruimin, founder and CEO of China's Haier Group, must decide whether to acquire Red Star Electric Appliance Co., an insolvent local manufacturer of washing machines. Although Haier, slated to become one of China's first global brand names, has successfully turned...
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Keywords:
Organizational Change and Adaptation;
Organizational Culture;
Acquisition;
Business or Company Management;
Consumer Products Industry;
China
Paine, Lynn S., and Jennifer Benqing. "An Interview with Zhang Ruimin, CEO, Haier Group, Video." Harvard Business School Video Supplement 399-514, December 1998.
- December 1998
- Article
Entrepreneurs and Business Performance in Nineteenth Century France
By: Tom Nicholas, Elisa Boccaletti and James Foreman-Peck
A popular explanation for the supposed "delayed industrialisation" of the nineteenth century French economy has been the inappropriate attitudes and actions of the managerial classes and family firms. To address these claims we model the supply and demand for...
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Keywords:
Entrepreneurship;
Performance;
Economy;
Management;
Success;
Opportunities;
Management Analysis, Tools, and Techniques;
Saving;
Higher Education;
Training;
Demand and Consumers;
France
Nicholas, Tom, Elisa Boccaletti, and James Foreman-Peck. "Entrepreneurs and Business Performance in Nineteenth Century France." European Review of Economic History (December 1998).
- 1998
- Chapter
Foreign Firms in the Chinese Power Sector: Economic and Environmental Impacts
By: F. L. Reinhardt, Fiona Murray and Richard Vietor
Keywords:
Multinational Firms and Management;
Energy;
Environmental Sustainability;
Developing Countries and Economies;
Energy Industry;
China
Reinhardt, F. L., Fiona Murray, and Richard Vietor. "Foreign Firms in the Chinese Power Sector: Economic and Environmental Impacts." In Energizing China: Reconciling Environmental Protection and Economic Growth, edited by M. McElroy, C. Nielsen, and P. Lydon. Cambridge: Harvard University, Committee on Environment, 1998.
- November – December 1998
- Article
Clusters and the New Economy
Keywords:
Economy
Porter, Michael E. "Clusters and the New Economy." Harvard Business Review 76, no. 6 (November–December 1998). (Reprinted in Managing in the New Economy, HBSP, 1999; and in Systems of Innovation: Growth, Competitiveness and Employment, Edward Elgar, 2000.)
- October 1998 (Revised December 1999)
- Case
Gene Research, the Mapping of Life and the Global Economy
By: Ray A. Goldberg and Juan Enriquez-Cabot
A new firm is being created to speed up the process of mapping humans, animals, and plants by combining gene technology with rapid gene identification to improve the health and well being of the human population and the productivity of crops and animals. How does one...
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Keywords:
Information Technology;
Organizational Structure;
Technological Innovation;
Business Processes;
Health Care and Treatment;
Performance Productivity;
Welfare;
Agribusiness;
Genetics;
Science-Based Business;
Biotechnology Industry;
Agriculture and Agribusiness Industry
Goldberg, Ray A., and Juan Enriquez-Cabot. "Gene Research, the Mapping of Life and the Global Economy." Harvard Business School Case 599-016, October 1998. (Revised December 1999.)
- 1998
- Book
The Multinational Traders
By: Geoffrey Jones
This book examines the history and theory of multinational trading companies. The essays in this volume demonstrate the importance of trading companies in trade and investment flows in the world economy from the nineteenth century to the present day. The empirical...
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Keywords:
Company History;
Trade;
Globalization;
Books;
Organizational Structure;
Perspective;
Diversification;
Theory;
Asia;
Europe;
United States
Jones, Geoffrey, ed. The Multinational Traders. Routledge International Studies in Business History. London: Routledge, 1998.
- October 1998 (Revised December 1999)
- Case
Lockheed Martin IMS: Making a Contribution and a Profit
By: Rosabeth M. Kanter and Courtney Purrington
Examines Lockheed Martin's attempt to move from its traditional reliance on defense/aerospace contracts into providing outsourced government services in the social sector. The protagonist reflects on the past 24 years of rapid growth in the company and the myriad...
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Keywords:
Social Enterprise;
Partners and Partnerships;
Diversification;
Performance Effectiveness;
Job Cuts and Outsourcing;
Welfare;
Private Ownership;
Public Ownership;
Privatization;
Strategic Planning;
United States
Kanter, Rosabeth M., and Courtney Purrington. "Lockheed Martin IMS: Making a Contribution and a Profit." Harvard Business School Case 399-018, October 1998. (Revised December 1999.)
- Article
Merchants as Business Groups: British Trading Companies in Asia before 1945
By: G. Jones and Judith Wale
Merchants formed an important component of British foregn direct investment before 1945. Locating in parts of Asia, Latin America and other developing economies, they often diversified into non-trading activities, inclding the ownership of plantations. This article...
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Keywords:
Trade;
Developing Countries and Economies;
Diversification;
Competency and Skills;
Entrepreneurship;
Foreign Direct Investment;
Asia;
Latin America;
Europe;
Africa;
North and Central America
Jones, G., and Judith Wale. "Merchants as Business Groups: British Trading Companies in Asia before 1945." Business History Review 72, no. 3 (Fall 1998): 367–408.
- July 1998 (Revised February 1999)
- Case
Westport: Spearheading Malaysia's Economic Challenge (A)
By: V. Kasturi Rangan and Ambar Agustono Bin Machfoedy
Rangan, V. Kasturi, and Ambar Agustono Bin Machfoedy. "Westport: Spearheading Malaysia's Economic Challenge (A)." Harvard Business School Case 599-018, July 1998. (Revised February 1999.)
- July 1998
- Case
Westport: Spearheading Malaysia's Economic Challenge (B)
By: V. Kasturi Rangan and Ambar Agustono Bin Machfoedy
Rangan, V. Kasturi, and Ambar Agustono Bin Machfoedy. "Westport: Spearheading Malaysia's Economic Challenge (B)." Harvard Business School Case 599-019, July 1998.
- summer 1998
- Article
The Managerial Revolution in the U.S. Health Care Sector: Lessons from the U.S. Economy
Herzlinger, Regina E. "The Managerial Revolution in the U.S. Health Care Sector: Lessons from the U.S. Economy." Health Care Management Review 23, no. 3 (summer 1998): 19–29.
- May 1998 (Revised January 1999)
- Case
Japan: "Free, Fair, and Global?"
By: Richard H.K. Vietor and Stephen E. Lynagh
In April 1998, Prime Minister Hashimoto faced serious problems, both with his program of six systemic reforms and with his fiscal policy. Japan had been in effective recession for six years, unable to retain the miracle-growth achieved in earlier decades. Hashimoto has...
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Keywords:
Sovereign Finance;
Development Economics;
Social Issues;
Policy;
Economy;
Government Administration;
Financial Crisis;
Japan
Vietor, Richard H.K., and Stephen E. Lynagh. Japan: "Free, Fair, and Global?". Harvard Business School Case 798-083, May 1998. (Revised January 1999.)
- March 1998
- Case
Collapse in Asia: 1997-1998
By: George C. Lodge and Anthony St. George
Discusses the Asian crisis and economists' opinions and solutions.
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Keywords:
Financial Crisis;
Developing Countries and Economies;
Economic Slowdown and Stagnation;
Asia
Lodge, George C., and Anthony St. George. "Collapse in Asia: 1997-1998." Harvard Business School Case 798-084, March 1998.
- February 1998
- Case
Creating the International Trade Organization
By: David A. Moss, George R. Appling and Andrew D Archer
In the late 1940s, officials at the U.S. State Department began campaigning for the creation of an International Trade Organization (ITO). This new organization would oversee global negotiations on trade liberalization, foreign direct investment, cartels, and commodity...
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Keywords:
Mission and Purpose;
Trade;
Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms;
Policy;
Globalized Economies and Regions;
Agreements and Arrangements;
Foreign Direct Investment;
Economic Systems;
International Relations
Moss, David A., George R. Appling, and Andrew D Archer. "Creating the International Trade Organization." Harvard Business School Case 798-057, February 1998.
- February 1998 (Revised May 2007)
- Case
Airborne Express
By: Jan W. Rivkin
In the wake of a highly successful quarter, senior managers of Airborne Express, the third largest player in the express mail industry, review the firm's competitive position. Airborne has survived, and recently prospered, in an industry with significant economies of...
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Keywords:
Competition;
Business Strategy;
Partners and Partnerships;
Global Strategy;
Rank and Position;
Service Industry
Rivkin, Jan W. "Airborne Express." Harvard Business School Case 798-070, February 1998. (Revised May 2007.)