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- June 27, 2022
- Article
Amplification in the Evaluation of Multiple Emotional Expressions over Time
By: Amit Goldenberg, Jonas Schöne, Zi Huang, Timothy D. Sweeny, Desmond C. Ong, Timothy Brady, Maria M. Robinson, David Levari and Jamil Zaki
Social interactions are dynamic and unfold over time. To make sense of social interactions, people must aggregate sequential information into summary, global evaluations. But how do people do this? Here, to address this question, we conducted nine studies (N = 1,583)...
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- 2022
- Working Paper
Machine Learning Models for Prediction of Scope 3 Carbon Emissions
By: George Serafeim and Gladys Velez Caicedo
For most organizations, the vast amount of carbon emissions occur in their supply chain and in the post-sale processing, usage, and end of life treatment of a product, collectively labelled scope 3 emissions. In this paper, we train machine learning algorithms on 15...
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- 2022
- Working Paper
Retail Investors’ Contrarian Behavior Around News and the Momentum Effect
By: Cheng (Patrick) Luo, Enrichetta Ravina, Marco Sammon and Luis M. Viceira
Using a large panel of U.S. brokerage accounts trades and positions, we show that a large fraction of retail investors trade as contrarians after large earnings surprises, especially for loser stocks, and that such contrarian trading contributes to post earnings...
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- 2022
- Working Paper
A Conceptualization of Sub-Living Wages: Liabilities, Leverage, and Risk
By: Drew Keller, Katie Panella and George Serafeim
Currently the accounting system records employee wages as an expense in the income statement. However, paying below living wages can expose an organization to reputational and operational risks. In this paper, we offer an alternative conceptualization of the issue of...
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- June 2022
- Module Note
Causal Inference
By: Iavor Bojinov, Michael Parzen and Paul J. Hamilton
This note provides an overview of causal inference for an introductory data science course. First, the note discusses observational studies and confounding variables. Next the note describes how randomized experiments can be used to account for the effect of...
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- May 2022
- Supplement
Maestro Pizza (B): The Competition Awakens
By: Ramon Casadesus-Masanell and Fares Khrais
Maestro pizza opened its first store in 2014 after its founder, Khalid Al Omran, recognized an opportunity in Saudi Arabia to offer high quality pizza at affordable prices. The business grew rapidly and under the radar at first, but soon enough caught the attention of...
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Keywords:
Competitive Strategy;
Competitive Advantage;
Competition;
Market Entry and Exit;
Emerging Markets;
Business Startups;
Corporate Entrepreneurship;
Product Positioning;
Disruption;
Disruptive Innovation;
Advertising;
Advertising Campaigns;
Social Media;
Forecasting and Prediction;
Crisis Management;
Growth and Development Strategy;
Brands and Branding;
Product Development;
Production;
Service Delivery;
Business Growth and Maturation;
Financial Statements;
Cost Management;
Analysis;
Quality;
Performance Consistency;
Customer Satisfaction;
Profit;
Family Ownership;
Food and Beverage Industry;
Saudi Arabia;
Middle East
- May 2022
- Supplement
Maestro Pizza (C): Taking the Fight Outside
By: Ramon Casadesus-Masanell and Fares Khrais
Maestro pizza opened its first store in 2014 after its founder, Khalid Al Omran, recognized an opportunity in Saudi Arabia to offer high quality pizza at affordable prices. The business grew rapidly and under the radar at first, but soon enough caught the attention of...
View Details
Keywords:
Competitive Strategy;
Competitive Advantage;
Competition;
Market Entry and Exit;
Emerging Markets;
Business Startups;
Corporate Entrepreneurship;
Product Positioning;
Disruption;
Disruptive Innovation;
Advertising;
Advertising Campaigns;
Social Media;
Forecasting and Prediction;
Crisis Management;
Growth and Development Strategy;
Brands and Branding;
Product Development;
Production;
Service Delivery;
Business Growth and Maturation;
Financial Statements;
Cost Management;
Analysis;
Quality;
Performance Consistency;
Customer Satisfaction;
Profit;
Family Ownership;
Food and Beverage Industry;
Middle East;
Saudi Arabia
- May 2022
- Case
Maestro Pizza: Coming in Hot!
By: Ramon Casadesus-Masanell and Fares Khrais
Maestro pizza opened its first store in 2014 after its founder, Khalid Al Omran, recognized an opportunity in Saudi Arabia to offer high quality pizza at affordable prices. The business grew rapidly and under the radar at first, but soon enough caught the attention of...
View Details
Keywords:
Competitive Strategy;
Competitive Advantage;
Competition;
Market Entry and Exit;
Emerging Markets;
Business Startups;
Corporate Entrepreneurship;
Product Positioning;
Disruption;
Disruptive Innovation;
Advertising;
Advertising Campaigns;
Social Media;
Forecasting and Prediction;
Crisis Management;
Growth and Development Strategy;
Brands and Branding;
Product Development;
Production;
Service Delivery;
Business Growth and Maturation;
Financial Statements;
Cost Management;
Analysis;
Quality;
Performance Consistency;
Customer Satisfaction;
Profit;
Family Ownership;
Food and Beverage Industry;
Middle East;
Saudi Arabia
- May 2022
- Case
America's Budget Impasse, 2009-2022
The United States has been a fiscal mess for years…at least since the financial crisis in 2009. This case describes the U.S. economy during the presidencies of Barack Obama, Donald Trump and now, Joe Biden’s first year. The case is composed of excerpts from the...
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- May 2022
- Case
Timnit Gebru: 'SILENCED No More' on AI Bias and The Harms of Large Language Models
By: Tsedal Neeley and Stefani Ruper
Dr. Timnit Gebru—a leading artificial intelligence (AI) computer scientist and co-lead of Google’s Ethical AI team—was messaging with one of her colleagues when she saw the words: “Did you resign?? Megan sent an email saying that she accepted your resignation.” Heart...
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- May 2022
- Article
Can Gambling Increase Savings? Empirical Evidence on Prize-Linked Savings Accounts
By: Shawn A. Cole, Benjamin Iverson and P. Tufano
This paper studies the adoption and impact of prize-linked savings (PLS) accounts, which offer lottery-like payouts to individual account holders in lieu of interest. Using microlevel data from a bank in South Africa, we show that PLS is attractive to a broad group of...
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- Article
How Much Should We Trust Staggered Difference-In-Differences Estimates?
By: Andrew C. Baker, David F. Larcker and Charles C.Y. Wang
Difference-in-differences analysis with staggered treatment timing is frequently used to assess the impact of policy changes on corporate outcomes in academic research. However, recent advances in econometric theory show that such designs are likely to be biased in the...
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- Article
Present Bias Causes and Then Dissipates Auto-enrollment Savings Effects
By: John Beshears, James J. Choi, David Laibson and Peter Maxted
Present bias causes procrastination, which leads households to stick with auto-enrollment defaults. However, present bias also engenders overconsumption. Separation from each employer generates a rollover of 401(k) balances to an individual retirement account (IRA)...
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- May 2022
- Article
Variance Analysis: New Insights from Health Care Applications
By: Robert S. Kaplan and Susanna Gallani
We use a health care application to illustrate how variance analysis can be used to benchmark costs across similar service delivery sites. Variances for personnel costs, typically the largest cost component in service organizations, are calculated for price, quantity,...
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- April 2022
- Teaching Note
Banorte Móvil: Data-Driven Mobile Growth
By: Ayelet Israeli and Carla Larangeira
In mid-2019, Carlos Hank was deliberating over the results for Banorte Móvil—the mobile application for Banorte, Mexico’s most profitable and second-largest financial institution. Hank, who had been appointed as Banorte´s Chairman of the Board in January 2015, had...
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- April 2022
- Teaching Note
Gender Equality in Business: 100 Years of Progress?
By: Boris Groysberg and Colleen Ammerman
Teaching Note for HBS Case No. 422-066, "Gender Equality in Business: 100 Years of Progress?" The case traces the history of women in management from the early 20th to early 21st century through analysis of Harvard Business Review's coverage of women and gender. The...
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- April 2022
- Case
Gender Equality in Business: 100 Years of Progress?
By: Boris Groysberg and Colleen Ammerman
"Gender Equality in Business: 100 Years of Progress?" traces the history of women in management from the early 20th to early 21st century through analysis of Harvard Business Review's coverage of women and gender. The case identifies six distinct phases in the...
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- 2022
- Working Paper
An Anatomy of Performance Monitoring
By: Achyuta Adhvaryu, Anant Nyshadham and Jorge Tamayo
Performance monitoring is a mainstay management tool in most organizations. Yet we still know little about whether—and why—better monitoring yields better performance in practice. To shed light on these questions, we study the introduction of a performance monitoring...
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Keywords:
Performance Monitoring;
Worker Skills;
Skill Depreciation;
Managerial Inattention;
On-the-job Training;
Productivity;
Multitasking;
Quick Serve Restaurants;
Performance Evaluation;
Employees;
Competency and Skills;
Training;
Performance Productivity;
Management;
Information Technology;
Food and Beverage Industry;
Puerto Rico
- April 2022
- Case
Conflicts of Interest at Bell Bank
By: Jonas Heese
In 2013, two employees debated whether to blow the whistle on their employer, Bell Bank, after completing an internal review that revealed undisclosed conflicts of interest. Bell Bank’s Asset Management business disproportionately invested clients’ money in Bell Bank’s...
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Keywords:
Whistleblower;
Whistleblowing;
Mutual Funds;
Conflicts Of Interest;
Decision Making;
Decisions;
Judgments;
Ethics;
Moral Sensibility;
Values and Beliefs;
Finance;
Financial Institutions;
Banks and Banking;
Financial Management;
Investment;
Investment Funds;
Governance;
Corporate Accountability;
Corporate Disclosure;
Corporate Governance;
Governance Compliance;
Governance Controls;
Policy;
Law;
Legal Liability;
Social Psychology;
Motivation and Incentives;
Perception;
Perspective;
Trust;
Financial Services Industry;
North and Central America;
United States
- April 2022
- Supplement
MicroStrategy: Accounting for Cryptocurrency (B)
By: Jonas Heese and Annelena Lobb
In early 2022, the technology firm MicroStrategy unveiled a series of letters with the SEC that questioned its accounting practices around its holdings of Bitcoin. Since 2020, the firm had shifted its strategy to include not just selling software but buying and holding...
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