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- Faculty Publications (87)
- March 2022
- Background Note
Climate Challenges for Cities: Introduction to Issues and Actions in the United States
By: Rosabeth Moss Kanter and Catarina Mia Martinez
This background Note introduces the implications of climate change (global warming) for American cities. In the U.S., partisan political divides and unaddressed economic and racial disparities in climate vulnerabilities can inhibit action. The two main fronts for...
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Keywords:
Climate Change;
Cities;
Emission Reduction;
Change;
Change Leadership;
Electric Power Generation;
Transportation;
Recycling;
Green Business;
Green Building;
Ecosystem;
Construction;
Systems Change;
Cross-sector Collaboration;
Adaptation;
Geographic Location;
Resource Allocation;
Infrastructure;
Government and Politics;
Social Issues;
Urban Development;
United States
Kanter, Rosabeth Moss, and Catarina Mia Martinez. "Climate Challenges for Cities: Introduction to Issues and Actions in the United States." Harvard Business School Background Note 322-103, March 2022.
- March 2022 (Revised April 2023)
- Case
Pittsburgh: A Successful City?
Pittsburgh, PA, was once the crown jewel of American heavy industry. During the 19th and 20th centuries, the city was an undisputed leader in steel production, boasting some of the largest companies and wealthiest individuals in the world. Its abundance of...
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Keywords:
Economic And Social Disparities;
Economic Development;
Local Economic Development;
Contextual Intelligence;
Contextual Knowledge;
Context;
City Growth;
City Innovation;
City Leadership;
Pittsburgh;
Local Government;
Local Stakeholders;
Business And Community;
Business And Community Relations;
Community Engagement;
Community Relations;
Cross-sector Collaboration;
Innovation;
Innovation Economy;
Innovation Clusters;
Innovation Ecosystems;
Shared Prosperity;
Equality Of Opportunity;
Equity;
Inclusion;
Business And Government;
Business & Government Relations;
Business And Government Relations;
Business And Society;
Neighborhoods;
Race And Ethnicity;
Innovation & Entrepreneurship;
Diversity;
Ethnicity;
Race;
Household;
Income;
Economic Growth;
Economic Sectors;
Economics;
Local Range;
Urban Development;
Urban Scope;
City;
Cross-Cultural and Cross-Border Issues;
Government and Politics;
Government Administration;
Growth and Development;
History;
Leadership;
Goals and Objectives;
Philanthropy and Charitable Giving;
Society;
Civil Society or Community;
Culture;
Human Needs;
Public Opinion;
Public Sector;
Social Issues;
Poverty;
Equality and Inequality;
Manufacturing Industry;
Steel Industry;
Education Industry;
Medical Devices and Supplies Industry;
Technology Industry;
United States;
Pittsburgh;
Pennsylvania
Mills, Karen, Caroline Elkins, Vikram Gandhi, Gabriella Elanbeck, and Zeke Gillman. "Pittsburgh: A Successful City?" Harvard Business School Case 322-080, March 2022. (Revised April 2023.)
- 2021
- Working Paper
Racial Disparities in the Paycheck Protection Program
By: Sergey Chernenko and David S. Scharfstein
Using a large sample of Florida restaurants, we document significant racial disparities in borrowing through the Paycheck Protection Program (PPP) and investigate the causes of these disparities. Black-owned restaurants are 25% less likely to receive PPP loans....
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Keywords:
Discrimination;
Paycheck Protection Program;
Economic Injury Disaster Loans;
Bank Lending;
Nonbank Lending;
Banks and Banking;
Financing and Loans;
Prejudice and Bias;
Race
Chernenko, Sergey, and David S. Scharfstein. "Racial Disparities in the Paycheck Protection Program." SSRN Working Paper Series, August 2021. (NBER Working Paper Series, No. 29748, February 2022.)
- January 17, 2022
- Article
Reducing Racial Disparities in Cancer Outcomes
By: Kathy Giusti and Richard G. Hamermesh
A disproportionate number of Black patients die from cancer in the United States. A key to addressing this problem is enrolling more Black patients in clinical trials. A strategy consisting of these three parts can help accomplish this goal: 1) centralize information...
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Giusti, Kathy, and Richard G. Hamermesh. "Reducing Racial Disparities in Cancer Outcomes." Harvard Business Review (website) (January 17, 2022).
- Article
Counterfactual Explanations Can Be Manipulated
By: Dylan Slack, Sophie Hilgard, Himabindu Lakkaraju and Sameer Singh
Counterfactual explanations are useful for both generating recourse and auditing fairness between groups. We seek to understand whether adversaries can manipulate counterfactual explanations in an algorithmic recourse setting: if counterfactual explanations indicate...
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Slack, Dylan, Sophie Hilgard, Himabindu Lakkaraju, and Sameer Singh. "Counterfactual Explanations Can Be Manipulated." Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems (NeurIPS) 34 (2021).
- 2021
- Article
Public Health Risks Arising from Food Supply Chains: Challenges and Opportunities
By: Lu Chen, Donovan Guittieres, Retsef Levi, Elisabeth Paulson, Georgia Perakis, Nicholas Renegar and Stacy Springs
Safe, healthy, and resilient food supply chains are essential to ensuring the livelihood and well-being of humans and societies, as well as local and global economies. However, the ability to provide and sustain access to nutritious and safe food continues to be a...
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Keywords:
Food Safety;
Adulteration;
Malnutrition;
Supply Chain;
Health;
Government Administration;
Food and Beverage Industry
Chen, Lu, Donovan Guittieres, Retsef Levi, Elisabeth Paulson, Georgia Perakis, Nicholas Renegar, and Stacy Springs. "Public Health Risks Arising from Food Supply Chains: Challenges and Opportunities." Special Issue on OR Models for Developmental Studies. Naval Research Logistics Quarterly 68, no. 8 (2021): 1098–1112.
- September–October 2021
- Article
Frontiers: Can an AI Algorithm Mitigate Racial Economic Inequality? An Analysis in the Context of Airbnb
By: Shunyuan Zhang, Nitin Mehta, Param Singh and Kannan Srinivasan
We study the effect of Airbnb’s smart-pricing algorithm on the racial disparity in the daily revenue earned by Airbnb hosts. Our empirical strategy exploits Airbnb’s introduction of the algorithm and its voluntary adoption by hosts as a quasi-natural experiment. Among...
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Keywords:
Smart Pricing;
Pricing Algorithm;
Machine Bias;
Discrimination;
Racial Disparity;
Social Inequality;
Airbnb Revenue;
Revenue;
Race;
Equality and Inequality;
Prejudice and Bias;
Price;
Mathematical Methods;
Accommodations Industry
Zhang, Shunyuan, Nitin Mehta, Param Singh, and Kannan Srinivasan. "Frontiers: Can an AI Algorithm Mitigate Racial Economic Inequality? An Analysis in the Context of Airbnb." Marketing Science 40, no. 5 (September–October 2021): 813–820.
- September 17, 2021
- Article
AI Can Help Address Inequity—If Companies Earn Users' Trust
By: Shunyuan Zhang, Kannan Srinivasan, Param Singh and Nitin Mehta
While companies may spend a lot of time testing models before launch, many spend too little time considering how they will work in the wild. In particular, they fail to fully consider how rates of adoption can warp developers’ intent. For instance, Airbnb launched a...
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Keywords:
Artificial Intelligence;
Algorithmic Bias;
Technological Innovation;
Perception;
Diversity;
Equality and Inequality;
Trust;
AI and Machine Learning
Zhang, Shunyuan, Kannan Srinivasan, Param Singh, and Nitin Mehta. "AI Can Help Address Inequity—If Companies Earn Users' Trust." Harvard Business Review Digital Articles (September 17, 2021).
- August 2021
- Case
Zoom Video Communications: Building a Culture of Diversity, Equity, & Inclusion During COVID-19
By: Karen G. Mills, Scott Duke Kominers, Christopher Stanton, Andy Wu, George Gonzalez and Gabriella Elanbeck
Keywords:
Diversity Management;
Diversity Training;
Cultural Change;
Cultural Diversity;
Inclusion;
Inclusive Growth;
Inclusive Hiring;
Hiring;
Hiring Of Employees;
Recruiting;
Performance Management;
Change Leadership;
Race And Ethnicity;
Racial Bias;
Racial Disparity;
Racial Injustice;
Racial Tensions;
Racism;
Organization;
Organization Process;
Organization Structure;
Structural/institutional Racism;
Leadership And Change Management;
Leadership And Managing People;
Leading;
Gender Bias;
Discrimination;
Inequalities;
Inequality;
Social Change;
Employee Attitude Development And Empowerment;
Employee Bonding;
Employee Empowerment;
Employee Engagement;
Employee Fairness;
Employee Morale;
Employee Performance Management;
Employee Relations;
Company Culture;
Company Values;
Values;
COVID-19 Pandemic;
Demographics;
Diversity;
Age;
Ethnicity;
Gender;
Business Processes;
Change Management;
Change;
Race;
Human Capital;
Human Resources;
Compensation and Benefits;
Employees;
Employee Relationship Management;
Recruitment;
Retention;
Selection and Staffing;
Jobs and Positions;
Job Interviews;
Leadership;
Leading Change;
Management;
Management Teams;
Business or Company Management;
Crisis Management;
Goals and Objectives;
Growth and Development;
Growth and Development Strategy;
Growth Management;
Management Style;
Organizational Change and Adaptation;
Organizational Culture;
Organizational Design;
Organizational Structure;
Organizations;
Mission and Purpose;
Culture;
Happiness;
Prejudice and Bias;
Satisfaction;
Equity;
Identity;
Leadership Style;
Values and Beliefs;
Technology Industry;
United States
- June 2021
- Supplement
Linda Oubré at Whittier College (B)
By: Debora L. Spar and Haley P. Brown
The case follows President Linda Oubré (HBS MBA Class of 1984) as she seeks to move Whittier College towards a more diverse, equitable, and inclusive campus.
In 2020, the student body of Whittier, a private liberal arts college in Los Angeles County, California,... View Details
In 2020, the student body of Whittier, a private liberal arts college in Los Angeles County, California,... View Details
Keywords:
Women And Leadership;
Racial Disparity;
Higher Education;
Education;
Diversity;
Race;
Change Management;
Gender;
Los Angeles;
California;
United States
Spar, Debora L., and Haley P. Brown. "Linda Oubré at Whittier College (B)." Harvard Business School Supplement 721-058, June 2021.
- June 2021
- Supplement
Linda Oubré at Whittier College (C)
By: Debora L. Spar and Haley P. Brown
The case follows President Linda Oubré (HBS MBA Class of 1984) as she seeks to move Whittier College towards a more diverse, equitable, and inclusive campus.
In 2020, the student body of Whittier, a private liberal arts college in Los Angeles County, California,... View Details
In 2020, the student body of Whittier, a private liberal arts college in Los Angeles County, California,... View Details
Keywords:
Women And Leadership;
Racial Disparity;
Higher Education;
Education;
Diversity;
Race;
Change Management;
Gender;
Los Angeles;
California;
United States
Spar, Debora L., and Haley P. Brown. "Linda Oubré at Whittier College (C)." Harvard Business School Supplement 721-061, June 2021.
- June 11, 2021
- Article
Addressing Demographic Disparities in Clinical Trials
By: Kathy Giusti, Richard G. Hamermesh and Mark Krasnow
Disparities in health care are not just limited to the delivery of care. They also exist in the way that clinical trials are structured. Women, people of color, and the elderly often are not adequately represented. This article offers three strategies for addressing...
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Giusti, Kathy, Richard G. Hamermesh, and Mark Krasnow. "Addressing Demographic Disparities in Clinical Trials." Harvard Business Review Digital Articles (June 11, 2021).
- Article
Sizing Up Entrepreneurial Potential: Gender Differences in Communication and Investor Perceptions of Long-Term Growth and Scalability
By: Laura Huang, Priyanka D. Joshi, Cheryl J. Wakslak and Andy Wu
Female entrepreneurs have been found to face disadvantages as compared with male entrepreneurs, especially in acquiring the financial resources they need to sustain and grow their ventures. Across three studies, we examine how disparities in funding outcomes may be due...
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Huang, Laura, Priyanka D. Joshi, Cheryl J. Wakslak, and Andy Wu. "Sizing Up Entrepreneurial Potential: Gender Differences in Communication and Investor Perceptions of Long-Term Growth and Scalability." Academy of Management Journal 64, no. 3 (June 2021): 716–740.
- April 2021 (Revised April 2022)
- Case
OneTen: One Million Opportunities in Ten Years
By: V. Kasturi Rangan and Courtney Han
In the wake of George Floyd's killing in May 2020, and widespread protests for social justice in the United States, OneTen was formed by a coalition of 40 large companies to provide one million jobs for African-Americans in 10 years. The case describes the background...
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Keywords:
Labor Market;
COVID-19 Pandemic;
Diversity;
Race;
Jobs and Positions;
Opportunities;
Social Issues;
Employment;
Equality and Inequality;
Equity;
United States
Rangan, V. Kasturi, and Courtney Han. "OneTen: One Million Opportunities in Ten Years." Harvard Business School Case 521-093, April 2021. (Revised April 2022.)
- January 2021
- Article
COVID-19 and the Workplace: Implications, Issues, and Insights for Future Research and Action
By: Kevin M. Kniffin, Jayanth Narayanan, Frederik Anseel, John Antonakis, Susan Ashford, Arnold B. Bakker, Peter Bamberger, Hari Bapuji, Devasheesh P. Bhave, Virginia K. Choi, Stephanie Creary, Evangelia Demerouti, Francis J. Flynn, Michele J. Gelfand, Lindred Greer, Gary Johns, Selin Kesebir, Peter G. Klein, Sun Young Lee, Hakan Ozcelik, Jennifer Louise Petriglieri, Nancy Rothbard, Cort W. Rudolph, Jason D. Shaw, Nina Sirola, Connie R. Wanberg, Ashley V. Whillans, Michael P. Wilmot and Mark van Vugt
The impacts of COVID-19 on workers and workplaces across the globe have been dramatic. This broad review of prior research rooted in work and organizational psychology, and related fields, is intended to make sense of the implications for employees, teams, and work...
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Keywords:
COVID-19;
Work;
Work From Home (WFH);
Pandemics;
Health Pandemics;
Employees;
Working Conditions;
Organizational Change and Adaptation
Kniffin, Kevin M., Jayanth Narayanan, Frederik Anseel, John Antonakis, Susan Ashford, Arnold B. Bakker, Peter Bamberger, Hari Bapuji, Devasheesh P. Bhave, Virginia K. Choi, Stephanie Creary, Evangelia Demerouti, Francis J. Flynn, Michele J. Gelfand, Lindred Greer, Gary Johns, Selin Kesebir, Peter G. Klein, Sun Young Lee, Hakan Ozcelik, Jennifer Louise Petriglieri, Nancy Rothbard, Cort W. Rudolph, Jason D. Shaw, Nina Sirola, Connie R. Wanberg, Ashley V. Whillans, Michael P. Wilmot, and Mark van Vugt. "COVID-19 and the Workplace: Implications, Issues, and Insights for Future Research and Action." American Psychologist 76, no. 1 (January 2021): 63–77.
- 2020
- Working Paper
Hospital Allocation and Racial Disparities in Health Care
By: Amitabh Chandra, Pragya Kakani and Adam Sacarny
We develop a simple framework to measure the role of hospital allocation in racial disparities in health care and use it to study Black and white Medicare patients who are treated for heart attacks—a condition where virtually everyone receives care, hospital care is...
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Chandra, Amitabh, Pragya Kakani, and Adam Sacarny. "Hospital Allocation and Racial Disparities in Health Care." NBER Working Paper Series, No. 28018, November 2020.
- September 2020
- Case
West Side United: Hospitals Tackle the Racial Health and Wealth Gap
By: Rosabeth Moss Kanter and Paul Stramaglia
During the COVID-19 pandemic, Dr. David Ansell, Darlene Hightower, and Ayesho Jaco, leaders of West Side United (WSU), a coalition of Chicago hospitals, community residents, banks, and small businesses conceived in 2016, reviewed progress toward WSU’s goal of ending...
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Keywords:
COVID;
COVID-19;
Hospital;
Coalition;
Health Pandemics;
Race;
Health;
Wealth and Poverty;
Equality and Inequality;
Change;
Leadership;
Chicago
Kanter, Rosabeth Moss, and Paul Stramaglia. "West Side United: Hospitals Tackle the Racial Health and Wealth Gap." Harvard Business School Case 321-026, August 2020.
- 2020
- Working Paper
Spreading the Health: Americans' Estimated and Ideal Distributions of Death and Health(care)
By: Sorapop Kiatpongsan and Michael I. Norton
The 2010 Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act intensified debates over the role of government in the distribution of healthcare. A nationally-representative sample of Americans reported their estimated and ideal distributions of healthcare (unmet need for...
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Keywords:
Healthcare;
Mortality;
Inequality;
Justice;
Equity;
Health;
Health Care and Treatment;
Equality and Inequality;
Fairness;
Public Opinion;
United States
Kiatpongsan, Sorapop, and Michael I. Norton. "Spreading the Health: Americans' Estimated and Ideal Distributions of Death and Health(care)." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 20-114, April 2020.
- April 2020 (Revised June 2020)
- Case
Race and Mass Incarceration in the United States
By: Reshmaan N. Hussam and Holly Fetter
The late 20th century saw a dramatic shift in the criminal justice system of the United States. While incarceration rates had remained stable through the 1960s, they quintupled by the 2000s to 707 per 100,000, far exceeding that of all other nations in the world. By...
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Hussam, Reshmaan N., and Holly Fetter. "Race and Mass Incarceration in the United States." Harvard Business School Case 720-034, April 2020. (Revised June 2020.)
- March 6, 2020
- Article
Networking Doesn't Have to Be Self-Serving
How can individual leaders help to tackle big social problems? It can seem like an overwhelming, impossible task. But successful change agents have shown that networking and communication skills are key. They show up, in person, to investigate the issues and build...
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Kanter, Rosabeth Moss. "Networking Doesn't Have to Be Self-Serving." Harvard Business Review Digital Articles (March 6, 2020).