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All HBS Web
(3,634)
- Faculty Publications (679)
- Summer 2008
- Editorial
Will the Stork Return to Europe and Japan? Understanding Fertility within Developed Nations
By: James Feyrer, Bruce Sacerdote and Ariel Dora Stern
Only a few rich nations are currently at replacement levels of fertility and many are considerably below. We believe that changes in the status of women are driving fertility change. At low levels of female status, women specialize in household production and... View Details
Feyrer, James, Bruce Sacerdote, and Ariel Dora Stern. "Will the Stork Return to Europe and Japan? Understanding Fertility within Developed Nations." Journal of Economic Perspectives 22, no. 3 (Summer 2008): 3–22.
- May 2008
- Article
Real and Accrual-Based Earnings Management in the Pre- and Post-Sarbanes Oxley Periods
By: Daniel Cohen, Aiyesha Dey and Thomas Lys
We document that accrual‐based earnings management increased steadily from 1987 until the passage of the Sarbanes‐Oxley Act (SOX) in 2002, followed by a significant decline after the passage of SOX. Conversely, the level of real earnings management activities declined...
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Cohen, Daniel, Aiyesha Dey, and Thomas Lys. "Real and Accrual-Based Earnings Management in the Pre- and Post-Sarbanes Oxley Periods." Accounting Review 83, no. 3 (May 2008): 757–787.
- May 2008
- Article
Coerced Confessions: Self-Policing in the Shadow of the Regulator
By: Jodi L. Short and Michael W. Toffel
As part of a recent trend toward more cooperative relations between regulators and industry, novel government programs are encouraging firms to monitor their own regulatory compliance and voluntarily report their own violations. In this study, we examine how regulatory...
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Keywords:
Governance Compliance;
Law Enforcement;
Corporate Disclosure;
Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms;
Environmental Sustainability;
Programs;
Power and Influence;
Organizations;
Decisions;
Business and Government Relations;
United States
Short, Jodi L., and Michael W. Toffel. "Coerced Confessions: Self-Policing in the Shadow of the Regulator." Journal of Law, Economics & Organization 24, no. 1 (May 2008): 45–71.
- 2008
- Report
Survey Questionnaire on Environmental Management Practices: Summary of Results by Industry and Practices
By: Magali Delmas and Michael W. Toffel
This document provides a summary of the results of a survey on Environmental Management Practices (EMP) conducted by the University of California at Santa Barbara during October and November 2003. The survey was sent to 3255 facilities in 8 industrial sectors: pulp,...
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Keywords:
Economic Sectors;
Surveys;
Management Practices and Processes;
Corporate Social Responsibility and Impact;
Business and Government Relations;
Environmental Sustainability;
Non-Governmental Organizations
Delmas, Magali, and Michael W. Toffel. "Survey Questionnaire on Environmental Management Practices: Summary of Results by Industry and Practices." Report, 2008. (2008. University of California, Institute for Social, Behavioral, and Economic Research.)
- April 2008
- Article
The Survey of Industrial R&D—Patent Database Link Project
By: William R. Kerr and Shihe Fu
This paper details the construction of a firm-year panel dataset combining the NBER Patent Dataset with the Survey of Industrial R&D conducted by the Census Bureau and National Science Foundation. The dataset constitutes a platform that offers an unprecedented view of...
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Keywords:
Analytics and Data Science;
Patents;
Surveys;
Research and Development;
Innovation and Invention;
Performance Productivity;
Projects;
Management Practices and Processes;
Management Analysis, Tools, and Techniques
Kerr, William R., and Shihe Fu. "The Survey of Industrial R&D—Patent Database Link Project." Journal of Technology Transfer 33, no. 2 (April 2008): 173–186.
- March 2008
- Background Note
Marketing Input and Innovation Strategy
By: Elie Ofek
This note develops a framework for considering the challenges of incorporating marketing input when setting innovation strategy. The framework lays out the possible innovation opportunities a firm can entertain and describes how the customer knowledge gained from...
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Keywords:
Customer Focus and Relationships;
Innovation Strategy;
Knowledge Use and Leverage;
Marketing;
Research;
Competition
Ofek, Elie. "Marketing Input and Innovation Strategy." Harvard Business School Background Note 508-090, March 2008.
- March – April 2008
- Article
Interorganizational Trust, Governance Choice, and Exchange Performance
By: Ranjay Gulati and Jackson Nickerson
This paper looks at when and how preexisting interorganizational trust influences the choice of governance and in turn the performance of exchange relationships. We theorize that preexisting interorganizational trust complements the choice of governance mode (make,...
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Keywords:
Corporate Governance;
Organizational Culture;
Performance Improvement;
Conflict and Resolution;
Trust
Gulati, Ranjay, and Jackson Nickerson. "Interorganizational Trust, Governance Choice, and Exchange Performance." Organization Science 19, no. 2 (March–April 2008): 1–21.
- 2008
- Working Paper
Where Does It Go? Spending by the Financially Constrained
By: Shawn A. Cole, John Thompson and Peter Tufano
In this paper, we analyze the spending decisions of over 1.5 million Americans who vary in their degree of revealed credit constraints. Specifically, we analyze how these Americans spend their income tax refunds, using transaction-level data from a stored-value card...
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Keywords:
Decision Choices and Conditions;
Credit;
Personal Finance;
Spending;
Taxation;
Consumer Behavior;
United States
Cole, Shawn A., John Thompson, and Peter Tufano. "Where Does It Go? Spending by the Financially Constrained." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 08-083, March 2008. (Revised April 2008.)
- 2008
- Article
Diversification of Chinese Companies: An International Comparison
By: Joseph P.H. Fan, Jun Huang, Felix Oberholzer-Gee, Troy D. Smith and Mengxin Zhao
The purpose of this paper is to provide a systematic comparison of the level of business diversification in China and eight other large economies for the 2001-2005 period. The reasons why publicly listed Chinese firms are more diversified than companies elsewhere are...
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Fan, Joseph P.H., Jun Huang, Felix Oberholzer-Gee, Troy D. Smith, and Mengxin Zhao. "Diversification of Chinese Companies: An International Comparison." Chinese Management Studies 2, no. 1 (2008): 3–13.
- January 2008
- Article
Entrepreneurship and Urban Success: Toward a Policy Consensus
By: Zoltan J. Acs, Edward L. Glaeser, Robert E. Litan, Lee Fleming, Stephan J. Goetz, William R. Kerr, Steven Klepper, Stuart S. Rosenthal, Olav Sorenson and William C. Strange
Like all politics, all entrepreneurship is local. Individuals launch firms and, if successful, expand their enterprises to other locations. But new firms must start somewhere, even if their businesses are conducted largely or exclusively on the Internet. Likewise,...
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Keywords:
Business Headquarters;
Business Startups;
Development Economics;
Economy;
Entrepreneurship;
Policy;
Taxation;
Growth and Development Strategy;
Product Development;
Business Processes;
Expansion;
Internet
Acs, Zoltan J., Edward L. Glaeser, Robert E. Litan, Lee Fleming, Stephan J. Goetz, William R. Kerr, Steven Klepper, Stuart S. Rosenthal, Olav Sorenson, and William C. Strange. "Entrepreneurship and Urban Success: Toward a Policy Consensus." Kauffman Foundation Research Report (January 2008).
- January – February 2008
- Article
Managing the Impact of Employee Turnover on Performance: The Role of Process Conformance
By: Zeynep Ton and Robert S. Huckman
We examine the impact of employee turnover on operating performance in settings that require high levels of knowledge exploitation. Using 48 months of turnover data from U.S. stores of a major retail chain, we find that, on average, employee turnover is associated with...
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Keywords:
Customer Focus and Relationships;
Governance Compliance;
Retention;
Standards;
Service Operations;
Business Processes;
Retail Industry;
United States
Ton, Zeynep, and Robert S. Huckman. "Managing the Impact of Employee Turnover on Performance: The Role of Process Conformance." Organization Science 19, no. 1 (January–February 2008): 56–68.
- November 2007 (Revised April 2022)
- Case
Control Data Corporation and the Urban Crisis
By: Tom Nicholas and Laura Gaie Singleton
Control Data Corporation is considering its response to the assassination of renowned civil rights activist Martin Luther King. Four months prior, William Norris, president of the Minneapolis-based computer firm had already committed to building a plant in a low-income...
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Keywords:
Urban Development;
Factories, Labs, and Plants;
Corporate Social Responsibility and Impact;
Urban Scope;
Computer Industry;
District of Columbia;
Minneapolis
Nicholas, Tom, and Laura Gaie Singleton. "Control Data Corporation and the Urban Crisis." Harvard Business School Case 808-096, November 2007. (Revised April 2022.)
- November 2007
- Article
Solve the Succession Crisis by Growing Inside-Outside Leaders
By: Joseph L. Bower
This article includes a one-page preview that quickly summarizes the key ideas and provides an overview of how the concepts work in practice along with suggestions for further reading. In his interviews and data analysis, Harvard Business School professor Bower found...
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Keywords:
Talent and Talent Management;
Leadership Development;
Management Practices and Processes;
Management Succession;
Planning
Bower, Joseph L. "Solve the Succession Crisis by Growing Inside-Outside Leaders." Harvard Business Review 85, no. 11 (November 2007).
- Article
Gross National Happiness As an Answer to the Easterlin Paradox?
By: Rafael Di Tella and Robert MacCulloch
The Easterlin Paradox refers to the fact that happiness data are typically stationary in spite of considerable increases in income. This amounts to a rejection of the hypothesis that current income is the only argument in the utility function. We find that the...
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Di Tella, Rafael, and Robert MacCulloch. "Gross National Happiness As an Answer to the Easterlin Paradox?" Journal of Development Economics 86, no. 1 (April 2008).
- 2007
- Working Paper
Intra-Industry Foreign Direct Investment
By: Laura Alfaro and Andrew Charlton
We use a new firm level data set that establishes the location, ownership, and activity of 650,000 multinational subsidiaries -- close to a comprehensive picture of global multinational activity. A number of patterns emerge from the data. Most foreign direct investment...
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Keywords:
Multinational Firms and Management;
Business Subsidiaries;
Foreign Direct Investment;
Geographic Location;
Supply and Industry;
Vertical Integration
Alfaro, Laura, and Andrew Charlton. "Intra-Industry Foreign Direct Investment." NBER Working Paper Series, No. 13447, September 2007.
- 2007
- Working Paper
Intra-Industry Foreign Direct Investment
By: Laura Alfaro and Andrew Charlton
We use a new firm level data set that establishes the location, ownership, and activity of 650,000 multinational subsidiaries—close to a comprehensive picture of global multinational activity. A number of patterns emerge from the data. Most foreign direct investment...
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Keywords:
Multinational Activity;
Horizontal FDI;
Vertical FDI;
Stages Of Production;
Multinational Firms and Management;
Business Subsidiaries;
Foreign Direct Investment;
Competency and Skills;
Production
Alfaro, Laura, and Andrew Charlton. "Intra-Industry Foreign Direct Investment." NBER Working Paper Series, No. 13447, September 2007.
- 2007
- Working Paper
Team Familiarity, Role Experience, and Performance: Evidence from Indian Software Services
By: Robert S. Huckman, Bradley R. Staats and David M. Upton
Much of the literature on team learning views experience as a unidimensional concept captured by the cumulative production volume of, or the number of projects completed by, a team. Implicit in this approach is the assumption that teams are stable in their membership...
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Keywords:
Experience and Expertise;
Learning;
Performance Improvement;
Projects;
Groups and Teams;
Familiarity;
Information Technology Industry;
India
Huckman, Robert S., Bradley R. Staats, and David M. Upton. "Team Familiarity, Role Experience, and Performance: Evidence from Indian Software Services." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 08-019, September 2007. (Revised February 2008, July 2008.)
- 2007
- Working Paper
The Impact of Shareholder Activism on Financial Reporting and Compensation: The Case of Employee Stock Options Expensing
By: Fabrizio Ferri and Tatiana Sandino
In this paper we examine the economic consequences of over 150 shareholder proposals to expense employee stock options (ESO) submitted during the proxy seasons of 2003 and 2004–the first case where the SEC has allowed an accounting matter to be subject to an advisory...
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- August 2007 (Revised November 2010)
- Case
Grand Central Publishing
By: Anita Elberse
In April 2007, Grand Central's publisher Jamie Raab and editor Karen Kosztolnyik were involved in a frantic bidding war for a proposed book on the life of cat Dewey, billed as the feline answer to the best-selling "Marley & Me: Life and Love with the World's Worst...
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Elberse, Anita. "Grand Central Publishing." Harvard Business School Case 508-036, August 2007. (Revised November 2010.)
- August 2007 (Revised June 2020)
- Case
Trouble with a Bubble
By: Tom Nicholas
Examines technology, firm performance, and the stock market during the 1929 Great Crash and the Great Depression of the 1930s. The 1920s was an extraordinary period of technological progress marked by a strong run-up in stock market prices. Firms invested heavily in...
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Keywords:
Bubble;
Stock Market;
Great Depression;
Irving Fisher;
Information Technology;
Organizational Change and Adaptation;
History;
Financial Markets;
Performance;
Labor and Management Relations;
Equity;
Financial Crisis;
Innovation and Invention;
United States
Nicholas, Tom. "Trouble with a Bubble." Harvard Business School Case 808-067, August 2007. (Revised June 2020.)