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- Faculty Publications (63)
- December 2010 (Revised March 2013)
- Case
Asian Agri and the Future of Palm Oil
By: David E. Bell and Natalie Kindred
For Asian Agri and other Indonesian palm oil producers, the future promised rising demand from fast-growing Asian populations, but also intensifying criticism from environmental groups. With the highest yield and lowest production cost of any edible oil, palm oil...
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Keywords:
Plant-Based Agribusiness;
Social Marketing;
Corporate Social Responsibility and Impact;
Business Strategy;
Supply Chain Management;
Natural Environment;
Marketing Strategy;
Environmental Sustainability;
Agriculture and Agribusiness Industry;
Indonesia;
Malaysia
Bell, David E., and Natalie Kindred. "Asian Agri and the Future of Palm Oil." Harvard Business School Case 511-015, December 2010. (Revised March 2013.)
- September 2010 (Revised February 2013)
- Background Note
The Cage-Free Egg Movement
By: Michael W. Toffel and Stephanie van Sice
Describes the social movement confronting conventional egg production techniques (battery cages) based on animal welfare concerns, and some merits and drawbacks of cage-free alternatives. Highlights animal rights activist campaigns, political and regulatory responses,...
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Keywords:
Animal-Based Agribusiness;
Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms;
Rights;
Supply Chain Management;
Natural Environment;
Social Issues;
Competitive Strategy;
Agriculture and Agribusiness Industry
Toffel, Michael W., and Stephanie van Sice. "The Cage-Free Egg Movement." Harvard Business School Background Note 611-021, September 2010. (Revised February 2013.)
- September 2010
- Article
Making Self-Regulation More Than Merely Symbolic: The Critical Role of the Legal Environment
By: Jodi L. Short and Michael W. Toffel
Using data from a sample of U.S. industrial facilities subject to the federal Clean Air Act from 1993 to 2003, this article theorizes and tests the conditions under which organizations' symbolic commitments to self-regulate are particularly likely to result in improved...
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Keywords:
Adoption;
Code Law;
Environmental Sustainability;
Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms;
Organizations;
Governance Compliance;
Strategy;
Motivation and Incentives;
United States
Short, Jodi L., and Michael W. Toffel. "Making Self-Regulation More Than Merely Symbolic: The Critical Role of the Legal Environment." Administrative Science Quarterly 55, no. 3 (September 2010): 361–396. (Lead article; Featured in the Stanford Social Innovation Review (Summer 2011) and in Behind the scenes of the Administrative Science Quarterly.)
- 2010
- Working Paper
Venture Capital Investment in the Clean Energy Sector
By: Shikhar Ghosh and Ramana Nanda
We examine the extent to which venture capital is adequately positioned for the rapid commercialization of clean energy technologies in the United States. While there are several startups in clean energy that are well-suited to the traditional venture capital...
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Keywords:
Business Startups;
Energy Generation;
Venture Capital;
Investment;
Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms;
Technological Innovation;
Competition;
Energy Industry;
Green Technology Industry;
United States
Ghosh, Shikhar, and Ramana Nanda. "Venture Capital Investment in the Clean Energy Sector." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 11-020, August 2010.
- September 2009
- Supplement
Consumer Lending in Japan: Citi CFJ (B)
By: J. Gunnar Trumbull and Akiko Kanno
As the regulatory environment for consumer lending evolves, CFJ has to decide how to respond.
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Keywords:
Personal Finance;
Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms;
Risk Management;
Business and Government Relations;
Banking Industry;
Japan
Trumbull, J. Gunnar, and Akiko Kanno. "Consumer Lending in Japan: Citi CFJ (B)." Harvard Business School Supplement 710-018, September 2009.
- Article
How Well Do Social Ratings Actually Measure Corporate Social Responsibility?
By: Aaron K. Chatterji, David I. Levine and Michael W. Toffel
Ratings of corporations' environmental activities and capabilities influence billions of dollars of "socially responsible" investments as well as some consumers, activists, and potential employees. In one of the first studies to assess these ratings, we examine how...
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Keywords:
Governance Compliance;
Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms;
Measurement and Metrics;
Corporate Social Responsibility and Impact;
Performance Effectiveness;
Natural Environment;
Pollutants
Chatterji, Aaron K., David I. Levine, and Michael W. Toffel. "How Well Do Social Ratings Actually Measure Corporate Social Responsibility?" Journal of Economics & Management Strategy 18, no. 1 (Spring 2009): 125–169.
- May 2006 (Revised November 2006)
- Case
IKEA's Global Sourcing Challenge: Indian Rugs and Child Labor (A)
By: Christopher A. Bartlett, Vincent Marie Dessain and Anders Sjoman
Traces the history of IKEA's response to a TV report that its Indian carpet suppliers were using child labor. Describes IKEA's growth, including the importance of a sourcing strategy based on its close relationships with suppliers in developing countries. Details the...
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Keywords:
Developing Countries and Economies;
Moral Sensibility;
Policy;
Employment;
Contracts;
Supply Chain Management;
Organizational Culture;
Natural Environment;
Non-Governmental Organizations;
Social Issues
Bartlett, Christopher A., Vincent Marie Dessain, and Anders Sjoman. "IKEA's Global Sourcing Challenge: Indian Rugs and Child Labor (A)." Harvard Business School Case 906-414, May 2006. (Revised November 2006.)
- April 2005 (Revised September 2005)
- Case
Pegasus Capital: The Musimundo Decision
By: Michael Chu and Barbara Zepp Larson
The five managing directors of Pegasus Capital were meeting in June 2003 to make a go/no-go decision regarding the investment of Musimundo, one of the largest entertainment retailers in Argentina. Just four days before the planned closing of the sale, Pegasus' 50%...
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- 2005
- Chapter
Environmental Federalism in the European Union and the United States
By: David Vogel, Michael W. Toffel and Diahanna Post
The United States (US) and the European Union (EU) are federal systems in which the responsibility for environmental policy-making is divided or shared between the central government and the (member) states. The attribution of decision-making power has important policy...
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Keywords:
Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms;
Policy;
Government Legislation;
Natural Environment;
Pollutants;
Climate Change;
European Union;
United States
Vogel, David, Michael W. Toffel, and Diahanna Post. "Environmental Federalism in the European Union and the United States." Chap. 9 in A Handbook of Globalisation and Environmental Policy: National Government Interventions in a Global Arena, edited by F. Wijen, K. Zoeteman, and J. Pieters, 247–276. Cheltenham, U.K.: Edward Elgar Publishing, 2005.
- August 2002 (Revised December 2002)
- Case
AOL Europe vs. Freeserve (A)
By: David B. Yoffie and Mary Kwak
AOL Europe must decide how to respond to Freeserve, a free Internet Service Provider (ISP) that has signed up 1.6 million British customers in its first six months. After becoming the leading ISP in the United States, AOL has formed a joint venture with Bertelsmann to...
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Keywords:
Competition;
Internet;
Web Services Industry;
Telecommunications Industry;
France;
Germany;
United Kingdom;
United States
Yoffie, David B., and Mary Kwak. "AOL Europe vs. Freeserve (A)." Harvard Business School Case 703-409, August 2002. (Revised December 2002.)
- 2000
- Chapter
Anticipating Greener Supply Chain Demands: One Singapore Company's Journey to ISO 14001
One major benefit of Jebsen & Jessen Packaging Pte Ltd (JJPS’s) implementation of ISO 14001 is that it acquired a third-party 'seal of approval' that will be used in its marketing efforts to meet the growing environmental concern of its customers within the electronics...
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Keywords:
Supply Chain Management;
Corporate Social Responsibility and Impact;
Standards;
Environmental Sustainability;
Singapore
Toffel, Michael W. "Anticipating Greener Supply Chain Demands: One Singapore Company's Journey to ISO 14001." Chap. 16 in ISO 14001 Case Studies and Practical Experiences, edited by Ruth Hillary, 182–199. Sheffield, U.K.: Greenleaf Publishing, 2000.
- March 1999
- Case
Merck & Co., Inc.: Corporate Strategy, Organization and Culture (A)
By: Michael Beer and Perry Fagan
In the early 1990s, Merck faced a series of challenges because of significant changes in its competitive and regulatory environment (e.g., growth in power of pharmaceutical buyers like managed care organizations led to price pressures and President Clinton's review of...
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Keywords:
Organizational Change and Adaptation;
Business or Company Management;
Organizational Culture;
Problems and Challenges;
Management Practices and Processes;
Competitive Strategy;
Management Teams;
Health Care and Treatment;
Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms;
Situation or Environment;
Alignment;
Pharmaceutical Industry;
United States
Beer, Michael, and Perry Fagan. "Merck & Co., Inc.: Corporate Strategy, Organization and Culture (A)." Harvard Business School Case 499-054, March 1999.
- March 1998 (Revised July 1998)
- Case
Boston Duck Tours,1996: Has Boston Gone Quackers?
By: Myra M. Hart and Stephanie Dodson
While on vacation in Memphis, former investment manager Andy Wilson discovers a unique "tour bus" that travels over land and through water. He decides to transplant the concept to Boston and to add both historical and theatrical features to the amphibious tour. As he...
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Keywords:
Opportunities;
Creativity;
Entrepreneurship;
Financing and Loans;
Problems and Challenges;
Business Startups;
Tourism Industry;
Tennessee;
Boston
Hart, Myra M., and Stephanie Dodson. "Boston Duck Tours,1996: Has Boston Gone Quackers?" Harvard Business School Case 898-189, March 1998. (Revised July 1998.)
- November 1995 (Revised November 1999)
- Case
National Power and the Privatization of the British Power Generation Industry
By: Willis M. Emmons III and Ed Simnett
The British government privatized the nation's electric utility sector in 1991 through a complex process involving the restructuring of the industry as well as the creation of a new regulatory oversight body. National Power plc, the largest of the privatized power...
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Keywords:
Restructuring;
Trade;
Energy Generation;
Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms;
Markets;
Monopoly;
Privatization;
Opportunities;
Diversification;
Expansion;
Energy Industry;
Utilities Industry
Emmons, Willis M., III, and Ed Simnett. "National Power and the Privatization of the British Power Generation Industry." Harvard Business School Case 796-066, November 1995. (Revised November 1999.)
- November 1995 (Revised April 1996)
- Case
ENTel and the Privatization of Argentine Telecommunications
Growing fiscal deficits, persistent economic recession, and underinvestment in the nation's telecommunications infrastructure lead the Argentine government to privatize its state-owned monopoly provider of telecommunications services, ENTel, in late 1990. The...
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Keywords:
Opportunities;
Risk and Uncertainty;
Communication Technology;
Privatization;
Mobile and Wireless Technology;
Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms;
Competition;
Development Economics;
Policy;
Government and Politics;
Performance Effectiveness;
Telecommunications Industry;
Argentina
Emmons, Willis M., III. "ENTel and the Privatization of Argentine Telecommunications." Harvard Business School Case 796-065, November 1995. (Revised April 1996.)
- September 1995
- Case
Richina Capital Partners Limited
By: William A. Sahlman and Jason Green
Richard Yan and Suzanne Foels raise a $52.5 million fund to invest in Chinese companies in concert with major multinational companies. They face all the challenges of starting a business from scratch in addition to the challenges of operating in a cross-cultural...
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Keywords:
Business Startups;
Venture Capital;
Problems and Challenges;
Emerging Markets;
Multinational Firms and Management;
Cross-Cultural and Cross-Border Issues;
Governance Compliance;
Business Strategy;
Expansion;
Investment Return;
China
Sahlman, William A., and Jason Green. "Richina Capital Partners Limited." Harvard Business School Case 396-059, September 1995.
- December 1992 (Revised September 1995)
- Exercise
Negotiation Exercise on Tradeable Pollution Allowances: General Background Information
Designed to teach students about the trade-offs faced by firms exploring alternative approaches to complying with pollution control regulations. The setting is the U.S. electric utility industry in 1993. In accordance with the provisions of the 1990 Clean Air Act,...
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Keywords:
Negotiation;
Pollutants;
Laws and Statutes;
Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms;
Governance Compliance;
Utilities Industry;
United States
Emmons, Willis M., III. "Negotiation Exercise on Tradeable Pollution Allowances: General Background Information." Harvard Business School Exercise 793-072, December 1992. (Revised September 1995.)
- February 1992 (Revised September 2019)
- Case
The House of Tata
By: James E. Austin and Ashish Nanda
The case traces the evolution of the Tata group, one of the largest and highly respected Indian business houses, from its 19th century founding and early growth in diverse industries, to its response to changes in government regulation in independent India, up to its...
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Keywords:
Indian Economy;
International Business;
Government And Business;
Government Regulation;
Synergy;
Conglomerates;
Business Conglomerates;
Developing Countries and Economies;
Business and Government Relations;
Business History;
Steel Industry;
Electronics Industry;
Chemical Industry;
Insurance Industry;
Air Transportation Industry;
India
Austin, James E., and Ashish Nanda. "The House of Tata." Harvard Business School Case 792-065, February 1992. (Revised September 2019.)
- August 1991 (Revised March 1993)
- Case
Champion International Corp.: Timber, Trade, and the Northern Spotted Owl
Champion's forest products division owns timberlands, sawmills, and plywood mills in the Pacific Northwest. The listing of the northern spotted owl as an endangered species, and restrictions on exports of logs from state-owned lands, have disrupted the stumpage, log...
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Keywords:
Science-Based Business;
Natural Environment;
Product Marketing;
Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms;
Government and Politics;
Environmental Sustainability;
Corporate Strategy;
Trade;
Decisions;
Management Teams;
Forest Products Industry;
North and Central America
Reinhardt, Forest L. "Champion International Corp.: Timber, Trade, and the Northern Spotted Owl." Harvard Business School Case 792-017, August 1991. (Revised March 1993.)
- January 1983 (Revised February 1988)
- Case
Hospital Corp. of America (A)
By: W. Carl Kester
HCAs ratio of debt to total capital is approaching 70%, jeopardizing its single-A bond rating. Students must determine an appropriate target debt ratio for HCA in light of its growth objectives, its acquisition strategy and its changing regulatory environment.
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Keywords:
Situation or Environment;
Capital Structure;
Health Care and Treatment;
Borrowing and Debt;
Health Industry;
Tennessee
Kester, W. Carl. "Hospital Corp. of America (A)." Harvard Business School Case 283-053, January 1983. (Revised February 1988.)