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All HBS Web
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- Faculty Publications (636)
- 2023
- Working Paper
The Complexity of Economic Decisions
By: Xavier Gabaix and Thomas Graeber
We propose a theory of the complexity of economic decisions. Leveraging a macroeconomic framework of production functions, we conceptualize the mind as a cognitive economy, where a task’s complexity is determined by its composition of cognitive operations. Complexity...
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Gabaix, Xavier, and Thomas Graeber. "The Complexity of Economic Decisions." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 24-049, February 2024.
- June 12, 2023
- Article
The Limits of Capacity Building for Investment Contract Negotiations
By: Karl P. Sauvant, Vanessa Sze Wai Tsang and Louis T. Wells
Developing countries must negotiate the best possible investment contracts with foreign investors at the outset. Donor organizations regularly push for “capacity building” to create technical expertise for negotiations within host country governments. But building and...
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Sauvant, Karl P., Vanessa Sze Wai Tsang, and Louis T. Wells. "The Limits of Capacity Building for Investment Contract Negotiations." Columbia FDI Perspectives, no. 359 (June 12, 2023).
- June 2020
- Article
Real-time Data from Mobile Platforms to Evaluate Sustainable Transportation Infrastructure
By: Omar Isaac Asensio, Kevin Alvarez, Arielle Dror, Emerson Wenzel, Catharina Hollauer and Sooji Ha
By displacing gasoline and diesel fuels, electric cars and fleets reduce emissions from the transportation sector, thus offering important public health benefits. However, public confidence in the reliability of charging infrastructure remains a fundamental barrier to...
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Keywords:
Environmental Sustainability;
Transportation;
Infrastructure;
Behavior;
AI and Machine Learning;
Demand and Consumers
Asensio, Omar Isaac, Kevin Alvarez, Arielle Dror, Emerson Wenzel, Catharina Hollauer, and Sooji Ha. "Real-time Data from Mobile Platforms to Evaluate Sustainable Transportation Infrastructure." Nature Sustainability 3, no. 6 (June 2020): 463–471.
- May 2023
- Case
America’s Budget Impasse, 2009-2023
By: Richard Vietor
In May of 2023, President Biden faced a crisis of debt. The debt ceiling was
about to be breached, while House Republicans demanded cuts of $3.5 trillion if they
were to raise the ceiling. President Biden refused. The case consists of excerpts from
the President...
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- 2023
- Working Paper
Setting Gendered Expectations? Recruiter Outreach Bias in Online Tech Training Programs
By: Jacqueline N. Lane, Karim R. Lakhani and Roberto Fernandez
Competence development in digital technologies, analytics, and artificial intelligence is increasingly important to all types of organizations and their workforce. Universities and corporations are investing heavily in developing training programs, at all tenure...
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Keywords:
STEM;
Selection and Staffing;
Gender;
Prejudice and Bias;
Training;
Equality and Inequality;
Competency and Skills
Lane, Jacqueline N., Karim R. Lakhani, and Roberto Fernandez. "Setting Gendered Expectations? Recruiter Outreach Bias in Online Tech Training Programs." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 23-066, April 2023. (Accepted by Organization Science.)
- March 2023
- Article
Developing Moral Muscle in a Literature-based Business Ethics Course
By: Inge M. Brokerhof, Sandra J. Sucher, P. Matthijs Bal, Frank Hakemulder, Paul G. W. Jansen and Omar N. Solinger
Moral subjectivity (e.g., reflexivity, perspective-taking) is a necessary condition for moral
development. However, widely used approaches to business ethics education, rooted in
conceptualizations of ethical development as objective and quantifiable, often neglect...
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Brokerhof, Inge M., Sandra J. Sucher, P. Matthijs Bal, Frank Hakemulder, Paul G. W. Jansen, and Omar N. Solinger. "Developing Moral Muscle in a Literature-based Business Ethics Course." Academy of Management Learning & Education 22, no. 1 (March 2023): 63–87.
- May 2023
- Article
Incentive Effects of Subjective Allocations of Rewards and Penalties
By: Wei Cai, Susanna Gallani and Jee-Eun Shin
We examine the incentive effects of subjectivity in allocating tournament-based rewards and punishments. We use data from a company where reward and punishment decisions are based on a combination of objective metrics and subjective performance assessments. Rankings...
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Keywords:
Subjectivity;
Tournament-based Incentives;
Rewards;
Penalties;
Expectancy Theory;
Employees;
Compensation and Benefits;
Management;
Decisions;
Performance;
Measurement and Metrics
Cai, Wei, Susanna Gallani, and Jee-Eun Shin. "Incentive Effects of Subjective Allocations of Rewards and Penalties." Management Science 69, no. 5 (May 2023): 3121–3139.
- May–June 2023
- Article
Which Firms Gain from Digital Advertising? Evidence from a Field Experiment
By: Weijia Dai, Hyunjin Kim and Michael Luca
Measuring the returns of advertising opportunities continues to be a challenge for many
businesses. We design and run a field experiment in collaboration with Yelp across 18,294
firms in the restaurant industry to understand which types of businesses gain more from...
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Dai, Weijia, Hyunjin Kim, and Michael Luca. "Which Firms Gain from Digital Advertising? Evidence from a Field Experiment." Marketing Science 42, no. 3 (May–June 2023): 429–439.
- April 2023 (Revised January 2024)
- Background Note
Note on Healthcare in Ghana
By: Regina E. Herzlinger and Ben Creo
This note provides an overview of the healthcare system in Ghana. It discusses the public and private sector as well as traditional medical practice. It also discusses the country’s pharmaceutical industry. It is recommended as a companion to Professor Regina...
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Keywords:
Africa;
Pharmaceutical Companies;
Pharmacy Benefit Manager;
Health Care;
Health Care Costs;
Health Care Delivery;
Health Care Entrepreneurship;
Telehealth;
Health Equity;
Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms;
Health Care and Treatment;
Business and Government Relations;
Health Industry;
Pharmaceutical Industry;
Ghana
Herzlinger, Regina E., and Ben Creo. "Note on Healthcare in Ghana." Harvard Business School Background Note 323-112, April 2023. (Revised January 2024.)
- March 2023 (Revised May 2023)
- Case
Akamai Technologies: Expanding the Talent Pipeline
By: Christopher Stanton, Lynda M. Applegate, Allison Ciechanover, Emily Grandjean and Sophie Beck
In 2022, senior executives of Cambridge, MA-based Akamai Technologies met to consider whether and how to scale a successful technical training program. The program, Akamai Technical Academy (ATA), was launched in 2016 to address a key challenge at Akamai and in the...
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- March 2023 (Revised September 2023)
- Case
Patagonia: 'Earth Is Now Our Only Shareholder'
By: Brian Trelstad, Nien-hê Hsieh, Michael Norris and Susan Pinckney
In September 2022, Yvon Chouinard, the iconoclastic founder of outdoor apparel company Patagonia, announced a new ownership model for his company. Chouinard and his family had held complete control of the company's voting and non-voting stock since its founding 50...
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Keywords:
Trusts;
Business Ventures;
Business Organization;
Family Business;
Restructuring;
Change;
Disruption;
Transition;
Decision Making;
Ethics;
Values and Beliefs;
Finance;
Financial Management;
Governance;
Corporate Governance;
Investment Activism;
Leadership;
Labor;
Law;
Common Law;
Management;
Goals and Objectives;
Organizations;
Corporate Social Responsibility and Impact;
Mission and Purpose;
Organizational Change and Adaptation;
Organizational Culture;
Ownership;
Ownership Type;
Family Ownership;
Private Ownership;
Social Enterprise;
Nonprofit Organizations;
Society;
Social Issues;
Wealth and Poverty;
Value;
Value Creation;
Apparel and Accessories Industry;
United States
Trelstad, Brian, Nien-hê Hsieh, Michael Norris, and Susan Pinckney. "Patagonia: 'Earth Is Now Our Only Shareholder'." Harvard Business School Case 323-057, March 2023. (Revised September 2023.)
- February 2024
- Article
An Economic Framework for Vaccine Prioritization
By: Mohammad Akbarpour, Eric Budish, Piotr Dworczak and Scott Duke Kominers
We propose an economic framework for determining the optimal allocation of a scarce supply of vaccines that become gradually available during a public health crisis, such as the Covid-19 pandemic. Agents differ in observable and unobservable characteristics, and the...
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Keywords:
Vaccine;
Fairness;
Public Finance;
Public Goods;
Allocation Problems;
Allocative Efficiency;
Allocation Rules;
Social Welfare;
Pandemics;
Inequality;
COVID-19;
COVID-19 Pandemic;
Public Sector;
Resource Allocation;
Market Design;
Marketplace Matching;
Public Administration Industry
Akbarpour, Mohammad, Eric Budish, Piotr Dworczak, and Scott Duke Kominers. "An Economic Framework for Vaccine Prioritization." Quarterly Journal of Economics 139, no. 1 (February 2024): 359–417. (Authors' names are in certified random order.)
- January 2023
- Teaching Note
Duolingo: Teaching Languages to the Masses
By: Youngme Moon
Teaching Note for HBS Case 323-016. At the time the case is written, Duolingo is the most popular language learning service in the world. The company has more than 40 million monthly active users, and the company’s total annual revenue has reached $250 million a year....
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- January 11, 2023
- Article
Russia and Ukraine Are Not Ready for Talks: But They Might Get There If Ukraine Keeps Winning
By: James K. Sebenius and Michael Singh
While there are many calls for negotiation between Ukraine and Russia to end their war, there does now (early 2023) not appear to be a zone of possible agreement (ZOPA), since each side's best no-agreement option ("BATNA") likely appears superior to any mutually...
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Keywords:
Diplomacy;
Agreements;
Ukraine;
International Relations;
War;
Negotiation;
Ukraine;
Russia
Sebenius, James K., and Michael Singh. "Russia and Ukraine Are Not Ready for Talks: But They Might Get There If Ukraine Keeps Winning." ForeignAffairs.com (January 11, 2023).
- January 2023
- Case
Crow Holdings Development: Mass Timber Construction
By: John D. Macomber, Robert Hernandez and Kyle MertensMeyer
Jim McCaffery and Cody Armbrister of Crow Holdings Development evaluate the pros and cons of committing to mass timber construction instead of conventional concrete or steel for a new 260,000 SF multi-story office building in Texas. Benefits include substantially...
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Keywords:
Real Estate Development;
Architecture;
Air Quality;
Health & Wellness;
Office Property;
Sustainability;
Carbon Abatement;
Natural Environment;
Environmental Accounting;
Green Building;
Design;
Construction;
Cost vs Benefits;
Environmental Sustainability;
Construction Industry;
Real Estate Industry;
Texas
- 2023
- Chapter
Business, Climate Change and the Anthropocene
By: Andrew J. Hoffman and Sukanya Roy
This chapter will assess climate change as a concern for business, both as a stand-alone issue and as part of the broader shift that scientists are calling the Anthropocene. It will begin by examining the extent to which the market – comprised of corporations, the...
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Hoffman, Andrew J., and Sukanya Roy. "Business, Climate Change and the Anthropocene." Chap. 23 in Corporate Sustainability: Managing Responsible Business in a Globalised World, edited by Andreas Rasche, Mette Morsing, Jeremy Moon, and Arno Kourula, 484–505. Cambridge University Press, 2023.
- 2022
- Working Paper
Post-market Surveillance of Software Medical Devices: Evidence from Regulatory Data
By: Alexander O. Everhart and Ariel D. Stern
Medical devices increasingly include software components, which facilitate remote patient monitoring. The introduction of software into previously analog medical devices as well as innovation in software-driven devices may introduce new safety concerns—all the more so...
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Keywords:
Technological Innovation;
Safety;
Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms;
Health Care and Treatment;
Medical Devices and Supplies Industry
Everhart, Alexander O., and Ariel D. Stern. "Post-market Surveillance of Software Medical Devices: Evidence from Regulatory Data." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 23-035, November 2022.
- 2022
- Working Paper
Getting on the Map: The Impact of Online Listings on Business Performance
By: Michael Luca, Abhishek Nagaraj and Gauri Subramani
We evaluate the extent to which small businesses maintain an online presence, looking at restaurant listings on a major online review platform. While the majority of restaurants have an online presence, we find that roughly 18 percent in our sample have no presence as...
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Keywords:
Small Business;
Internet and the Web;
Revenue;
Digital Marketing;
Food and Beverage Industry
Luca, Michael, Abhishek Nagaraj, and Gauri Subramani. "Getting on the Map: The Impact of Online Listings on Business Performance." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 23-031, December 2022.
- December 8, 2022
- Article
The New China Shock: How Beijing’s Party-State Capitalism Is Changing the Global Economy
By: Margaret M. Pearson, Meg Rithmire and Kellee S. Tsai
In the wake of the global financial crisis of 2008, China began to move away from the market-based approach that had shaped its economic policies for three decades, and toward something that might be termed “party-state capitalism,” which involves a high degree of...
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Pearson, Margaret M., Meg Rithmire, and Kellee S. Tsai. "The New China Shock: How Beijing’s Party-State Capitalism Is Changing the Global Economy." ForeignAffairs.com (December 8, 2022).
- 2022
- Article
Becoming a Learning Organization While Enhancing Performance: The Case of LEGO
By: Thomas Borup Kristensen, Henrik Saabye and Amy Edmondson
Purpose - The purpose of this study is to empirically test how problem-solving lean practices, along with
leaders as learning facilitators in an action learning approach, can be transferred from a production context to a
knowledge work context for the purpose...
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Kristensen, Thomas Borup, Henrik Saabye, and Amy Edmondson. "Becoming a Learning Organization While Enhancing Performance: The Case of LEGO." International Journal of Operations & Production Management 42, no. 13 (2022): 438–481.