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All HBS Web
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- Faculty Publications (332)
- December 1989
- Background Note
Note on How Organizations Can be Structured
By: D. Q. Mills
Describes four basic organizational forms--hierarchy, division, matrix, and cluster. Diagrams of each are included. Their strengths and weaknesses under different business environment conditions are detailed. There is a table comparing the forms on several key...
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Keywords:
Management Practices and Processes;
Organizational Culture;
Organizational Design;
Organizational Structure
Mills, D. Q. "Note on How Organizations Can be Structured." Harvard Business School Background Note 490-040, December 1989.
- October 1989 (Revised May 1996)
- Case
Xerox Corp.: Leadership Through Quality (A)
By: Todd D. Jick and Leonard A. Schlesinger
Describes the "Leadership Through Quality" effort undertaken by Xerox in the 1980s. Includes the history of Xerox in the 1970s and its need to make major changes in quality by the 1980s. Most of the remainder of the case details the step-by-step process by which Xerox...
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Keywords:
Organizational Change and Adaptation;
Strategic Planning;
Quality;
Leadership;
Organizational Culture;
Service Industry;
Electronics Industry
Jick, Todd D., and Leonard A. Schlesinger. "Xerox Corp.: Leadership Through Quality (A)." Harvard Business School Case 490-008, October 1989. (Revised May 1996.)
- January 1989
- Background Note
Managing Information Technology: System Development
By: James I. Cash Jr. and Thomas H. Davenport
Provides an overview of the system development process in large organizations. Describes traditional life cycle approaches as well as more recent methods, e.g., prototyping. The objective is to familiarize students with the terminology and issues involving system...
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Cash, James I., Jr., and Thomas H. Davenport. "Managing Information Technology: System Development." Harvard Business School Background Note 189-132, January 1989.
- January 1987
- Article
Posterior Implementability in a Two-person Decision Problem
By: Jerry R. Green and Jean-Jacques Laffont
When a decision rule is implemented using a Bayesian incentive compatible mechanism in which the messages are publicly observable, the players' information is augmented by their observation of each others' strategies. In this paper we study the set of Bayesian...
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Green, Jerry R., and Jean-Jacques Laffont. "Posterior Implementability in a Two-person Decision Problem." Econometrica 55, no. 1 (January 1987): 69–94.
- September 1986 (Revised February 2007)
- Case
Solagen: Process Improvement in the Manufacture of Gelatin at Kodak
By: Dorothy A. Leonard and Brian DeLacey
Kodak must decide whether to make a major investment in a production facility designed around a new technique for producing the gelatin critical to so many film and paper products. Currently, gelatin making is an arcane art, unchanged in 150 years and heavily dependent...
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Keywords:
Arts;
Buildings and Facilities;
Factories, Labs, and Plants;
Experience and Expertise;
Engineering;
Investment;
Time Management;
Production;
Research and Development;
Semiconductor Industry
Leonard, Dorothy A., and Brian DeLacey. "Solagen: Process Improvement in the Manufacture of Gelatin at Kodak." Harvard Business School Case 687-020, September 1986. (Revised February 2007.)
- January 1986 (Revised March 1993)
- Case
Centex Telemanagement, Inc.
Contains a description of the events surrounding the financing of Centex Telemanagement, Inc. by Sierra Ventures, a venture capital fund. The case is written from the perspective of the venture capitalists and is designed to teach students about the process of venture...
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Keywords:
Venture Capital
Sahlman, William A. "Centex Telemanagement, Inc." Harvard Business School Case 286-059, January 1986. (Revised March 1993.)
- March 1985 (Revised November 1988)
- Case
Precision Parts, Inc. (A)
Contains a description of a decision confronting two entrepreneurs in mid-1981. They are considering purchasing a small manufacturer of precision electromechanical parts. Among the issues in the case are the following: 1) Should Taylor and Grayson buy Precision Parts,...
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Keywords:
Leveraged Buyouts;
Venture Capital;
Financing and Loans;
Cost vs Benefits;
Investment Return;
Strategy;
Management Practices and Processes;
Risk and Uncertainty;
Outcome or Result;
Manufacturing Industry
Sahlman, William A. "Precision Parts, Inc. (A)." Harvard Business School Case 285-131, March 1985. (Revised November 1988.)
- September 1984 (Revised March 1993)
- Background Note
Marketing Planning and Organization
By: Robert J. Dolan
Presents guidelines for effective marketing planning. Provides a general outline of the contents of a typical marketing plan, the process by which the plan is developed, and considers the benefits successful firms reap from their planning efforts and the problems that...
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Dolan, Robert J. "Marketing Planning and Organization." Harvard Business School Background Note 585-106, September 1984. (Revised March 1993.)
- Article
Do Supervisors Thrive in Participative Work Systems?
By: Leonard A. Schlesinger and Richard E. Walton
This article presents the findings regarding the nature of the difficulties surrounding the supervisory role in participative work systems, a conceptualization of the supervisor/work group interface, and some action implications for the management of organizations....
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Keywords:
Managerial Roles;
Organizational Design;
Management Practices and Processes;
Innovation and Invention
Schlesinger, Leonard A., and Richard E. Walton. "Do Supervisors Thrive in Participative Work Systems?" Organizational Dynamics 7, no. 3 (Winter 1979): 24–38.
- Article
Information Processing as an Integrating Concept in Organization Design
By: Michael Tushman and D. Nadler
Tushman, Michael, and D. Nadler. "Information Processing as an Integrating Concept in Organization Design." Academy of Management Review 3, no. 3 (July 1978): 613–624.
- October 1976
- Background Note
Industry Structural Change
Presents a framework for understanding and predicting industry structural change. Examines 1) the important underlying forces causing structural change, 2) the key relationships among industry elements in the process of change, and 3) some implications of change for...
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Keywords:
Framework;
Industry Structures;
Organizational Change and Adaptation;
Organizational Structure;
Strategy;
Corporate Strategy
Porter, Michael E. "Industry Structural Change." Harvard Business School Background Note 377-051, October 1976.
- March 1974 (Revised June 1995)
- Case
First National City Bank Operating Group (B)
By: Jay W. Lorsch
Growth in demands on the bank's "back office" required a totally new approach to management. New stress on systems orientation, objectives, measurement, process design and control has resulted in lower costs, fewer people, and higher quality. Also resulted in fear,...
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Keywords:
Change Management;
Transition;
Banks and Banking;
Management Practices and Processes;
Managerial Roles;
Production;
Outcome or Result;
Banking Industry
Lorsch, Jay W. "First National City Bank Operating Group (B)." Harvard Business School Case 474-166, March 1974. (Revised June 1995.)
- Research Summary
3D Negotiaton
In articles and books, often with David Lax, I have been developing a broad approach to effective negotiation that encompasses three "dimensions." In this "3D" approach, our first dimension — "tactics"-- is the most familiar territory. Tactics are the persuasive... View Details
- Research Summary
Dealforum Design for Large, Multiparty Negotiations
When large projects such as mines, pipelines, oilfields, or powerplants are proposed, negotiations often commence with many kinds of interested parties. Such 'stakeholders' can range from corporate or government project sponsors to international financial...
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- Research Summary
Design Driven Innovation
By: Roberto Verganti
Firms, managers and scholars have often balanced between two approaches to innovation: user centered (where incremental innovation is pulled by the market) and technology push (where innovation comes from breakthrough development in technologies). However there is a... View Details
- Research Summary
Distributed Innovation in Open Systems—The Role of Modularity
Distributed innovation in open systems is an important trend in the modern global economy. As education levels rise and communication costs fall, more people have the means and motivation to innovate. Supply chains now stretch around the world as firms outsource...
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- Research Summary
Financial Markets and Corporate Governance
By: Dwight B. Crane
Corporate scandals beginning in the late 1990s focused renewed attention on corporate governance, but significant cracks in the governance system also contributed to recent problems. Deregulation and growth of financial markets, as well as changes in the competitive...
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- Research Summary
Managing Networked Businesses
Platform-based businesses that leverage network effects face a distinctive set of management challenges. A platform encompasses components and rules that facilitate interactions between the platform's users. A platform-based product or service exhibits a network...
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- Research Summary
Managing Product Development in Rapidly Changing Environments
A consistent finding in many studies of innovation is the repeated failure of established firms when faced with radical changes in their core markets or technologies. Professor MacCormack's research takes the view that many of these failures can be attributed to the...
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