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All HBS Web
(2,244)
- Faculty Publications (233)
- February 2019
- Case
Canibal—Play It Green!
By: Frank V. Cespedes, Joseph B. Fuller, Tonia Labruyere and Elena Corsi
In 2011, Canibal launched a machine that could sort and compress aluminum cans, plastic bottles, and cups. Users could play a jackpot-style game on the machine’s digital display, while disposing of their beverage containers and earning coupons or other rewards. The...
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Keywords:
Sales Growth;
Recycling;
Start-up;
Scaling;
Market Selection;
Sales;
Marketing;
Business Startups;
Growth and Development Strategy;
Segmentation;
Product Positioning;
Technology Industry;
France
Cespedes, Frank V., Joseph B. Fuller, Tonia Labruyere, and Elena Corsi. "Canibal—Play It Green!" Harvard Business School Case 319-089, February 2019.
- November 2018 (Revised January 2019)
- Case
Investor Relations Practices at Edwards Lifesciences
By: C. Fritz Foley and F. Katelynn Boland
In January 2017, the senior leadership team at Edwards Lifesciences were preparing for the quarterly earnings call that would cover the fourth quarter of 2016. They faced questions about what types of information they should disclose on the call, as well as during...
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Keywords:
Investor Relations;
Medical Devices;
Corporate Disclosure;
Decisions;
Business and Shareholder Relations;
Medical Devices and Supplies Industry;
United States
Foley, C. Fritz, and F. Katelynn Boland. "Investor Relations Practices at Edwards Lifesciences." Harvard Business School Case 219-058, November 2018. (Revised January 2019.)
- October 2018 (Revised September 2022)
- Case
Stock-Based Compensation at Twitter
By: Jonas Heese, Zeya Yang and Mike Young
Olivia Nash, an analyst at leading hedge fund BlueShark Capital Management, had just finished listening to the hour-long earnings call for Twitter’s Q4 2017 results. Was Twitter doing well? That depended on which numbers she chose to believe. According to Generally...
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Keywords:
Twitter;
Non-GAAP Disclosure;
Stock-based Compensation;
Earnings Management;
Corporate Disclosure;
Compensation and Benefits;
Stocks;
Measurement and Metrics
Heese, Jonas, Zeya Yang, and Mike Young. "Stock-Based Compensation at Twitter." Harvard Business School Case 119-032, October 2018. (Revised September 2022.)
- 2018
- Article
The Role of Overbilling in Hospitals' Earnings Management Decisions
By: Jonas Heese
This paper examines the role of overbilling in hospitals’ earnings management choices. Overbilling by hospitals is a form of revenue manipulation that involves misclassifying a patient into a diagnosis-related group that yields higher reimbursement. As overbilling...
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Keywords:
Overbilling;
Accrual-based Earnings Management;
Real Activities Manipulation;
For-profit Hospitals;
Earnings Management;
Health Industry
Heese, Jonas. "The Role of Overbilling in Hospitals' Earnings Management Decisions." European Accounting Review 27, no. 5 (2018).
- September 2018 (Revised January 2019)
- Case
Sobha Group Real Estate: Backward Integration for Quality
By: John Macomber and Alpana Thapar
From humble beginnings in Kerala, India, Mr. PNC Menon built a reputation for quality, detail, and trustworthiness, earning him major construction commissions in the Gulf region. This paved the way for venturing into real estate development in Dubai, UAE. Striving to...
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Keywords:
Real Estate;
Backward Integration;
Land Acquisition;
Raising Capital;
Construction;
Family Business;
Decision Making;
Joint Ventures;
Quality;
Real Estate Industry;
Construction Industry;
India;
Middle East;
Dubai
Macomber, John, and Alpana Thapar. "Sobha Group Real Estate: Backward Integration for Quality." Harvard Business School Case 219-034, September 2018. (Revised January 2019.)
- 2021
- Working Paper
Government Shareholdings in Brokerage Firms and Analyst Research Quality
By: Sheng Cao, Xianjie He, Charles C.Y. Wang and Huifang Yin
During times when the Chinese government wished to prop up the market, sell-side analysts from brokerages with significant government ownership issued relatively less pessimistic (or more optimistic) earnings forecasts, earnings-forecast revisions, and stock...
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Keywords:
Sell-side Analysts;
Forecast Optimism;
Forecast Accuracy;
Government Incentives;
Stocks;
Forecasting and Prediction;
Business and Government Relations;
Emerging Markets
Cao, Sheng, Xianjie He, Charles C.Y. Wang, and Huifang Yin. "Government Shareholdings in Brokerage Firms and Analyst Research Quality." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 18-095, March 2018. (Revised June 2021.)
- March 2018
- Article
Making the Numbers? 'Short Termism' and the Puzzle of Only Occasional Disaster
By: Hazhir Rahmandad, Rebecca Henderson and Nelson P. Repenning
Much recent work in strategy and popular discussion suggests that an excessive focus on "managing the numbers"—delivering quarterly earnings at the expense of longer-term investments—makes it difficult for firms to make the investments necessary to build competitive...
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Keywords:
Capability;
Short-termism;
System Dynamics;
Tipping Point;
Business or Company Management;
Earnings Management;
Resource Allocation
Rahmandad, Hazhir, Rebecca Henderson, and Nelson P. Repenning. "Making the Numbers? 'Short Termism' and the Puzzle of Only Occasional Disaster." Management Science 64, no. 3 (March 2018): 1328–1347.
- January 2018 (Revised March 2020)
- Case
SAP: Branding in the Digital Age
By: Das Narayandas and Amram Migdal
By 2017, digital, social, and mobile technologies were rapidly changing the way many of SAP’s traditional customers did business over the last decade. In response to this trend, SAP had acquired companies with capabilities in e-commerce, human capital, workforce...
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Narayandas, Das, and Amram Migdal. "SAP: Branding in the Digital Age." Harvard Business School Case 518-058, January 2018. (Revised March 2020.)
- 2019
- Working Paper
Do Banks Have an Edge?
By: Juliane Begenau and Erik Stafford
Overall, no! We show that the level and time series variation in cash flows for most bank activities are well matched by capital market portfolios with similar interest rate and credit risk to what banks report to hold. Ignoring operating expenses, bank loans earn high...
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Keywords:
Banks;
Market Efficiency;
Bank Capital;
Bank Debt;
CAPM;
Banking;
Bank Deposits;
Bank Funding Advantage;
Leverage;
Maturity Transformation;
Replicating Portfolio;
Efficiency;
Banks and Banking;
Capital Markets;
Performance Evaluation;
Performance Efficiency;
Banking Industry;
United States
Begenau, Juliane, and Erik Stafford. "Do Banks Have an Edge?" Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 18-060, January 2018. (Revised October 2019.)
- December 2017 (Revised January 2018)
- Case
Alltech
By: David E. Bell and Natalie Kindred
Alltech was a Lexington, Kentucky–based producer of supplements for animal feed, with revenues of over $2 billion (projected to reach $3 billion in 2018), sales in 120 countries, 5,000 employees, and 100 manufacturing plants worldwide. For nearly four decades, Alltech...
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Keywords:
Alltech;
United States;
Agribusiness;
Agriculture;
Animal;
Animal Agriculture;
Animal Feed;
Livestock;
Family Business;
Vertical Integration;
Strategy;
Growth;
Feed Additives;
Feed Supplements;
Kentucky;
Growth Strategy;
Family Businesses;
Animal-Based Agribusiness;
Acquisition;
Business Growth and Maturation;
Business Model;
Change Management;
Trends;
Governance;
Entrepreneurship;
Growth and Development;
Intellectual Property;
Leadership;
Management;
Markets;
Organizational Culture;
Private Ownership;
Science;
Quality;
Risk and Uncertainty;
Research;
Sales;
Agriculture and Agribusiness Industry;
Pharmaceutical Industry;
United States;
Kentucky;
Brazil;
China
Bell, David E., and Natalie Kindred. "Alltech." Harvard Business School Case 518-001, December 2017. (Revised January 2018.)
- December 2017 (Revised January 2018)
- Case
NatureSweet
By: Jose Alvarez, Forest Reinhardt and Natalie Kindred
This case describes the business model and workplace philosophy of NatureSweet, a privately owned, vertically integrated greenhouse grower and marketer of fresh tomatoes with sales across the United States and $329 million in 2016 revenues. CEO Bryant Ambelang treated...
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Keywords:
NatureSweet;
Tomatoes;
Agriculture;
Greenhouse;
Ambelang;
Cherry Tomatoes;
Incentives;
Worker Empowerment;
Empowerment;
Toyota Production System;
Leadership;
Branding;
Produce;
Manufacturing;
Organizational Change;
Agribusiness;
Business Model;
Employee Relationship Management;
Working Conditions;
Organizational Culture;
Success;
Problems and Challenges;
Agriculture and Agribusiness Industry;
Manufacturing Industry;
United States;
Mexico;
North America
Alvarez, Jose, Forest Reinhardt, and Natalie Kindred. "NatureSweet." Harvard Business School Case 518-002, December 2017. (Revised January 2018.)
- November 2017 (Revised July 2019)
- Case
Project Moab at Hulu
By: C. Fritz Foley and James Weber
In 2015, Elaine Paul, CFO of Hulu, and the rest of the senior leadership team, must decide if they should offer a new, advertisement-free subscription service. At the time Hulu distributed a wide variety of content including in season current programing and earned...
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Keywords:
Video On Demand;
Subscriber Models;
Media;
Business Model;
Decision Choices and Conditions;
Media and Broadcasting Industry;
Entertainment and Recreation Industry;
United States
Foley, C. Fritz, and James Weber. "Project Moab at Hulu." Harvard Business School Case 218-050, November 2017. (Revised July 2019.)
- November 2017
- Teaching Note
Generating Higher Value at IBM (A) and (B)
By: Benjamin C. Esty and E. Scott Mayfield
Teaching Note for HBS Nos. 215-058 and 215-059.
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- July 2017
- Article
What Do Measures of Real-Time Corporate Sales Tell Us About Earnings Surprises and Post-announcement Returns?
By: Kenneth A. Froot, Namho Kang, Gideon Ozik and Ronnie Sadka
We develop real-time proxies of retail corporate sales from multiple sources, including approximately 50 million mobile devices. These measures contain information from both the earnings quarter (within quarter) and the period between that quarter's end and the...
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Froot, Kenneth A., Namho Kang, Gideon Ozik, and Ronnie Sadka. "What Do Measures of Real-Time Corporate Sales Tell Us About Earnings Surprises and Post-announcement Returns?" Journal of Financial Economics 125, no. 1 (July 2017): 143–162. (Revised from NBER Working Paper No. 22366, June 2016, Harvard Business School Working Paper No. 16-123, April 2016.)
- June 2017
- Case
MIA: Profit at the Base of the Pyramid
By: Lynda M. Applegate, José Antonio Dávila Castilla, Sarah Mehta and Aldo Sesia
In January 2016, Guillermo Jaime had just returned home to Mexico City after attending a Harvard Business School executive education program. Jaime was the founder and CEO of Mejoramiento Integral Asistido (MIA), a company providing affordable housing to low-income...
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Keywords:
Base Of The Pyramid;
Social Capitalism;
Housing;
Emerging Markets;
Social Enterprise;
Society;
Wealth and Poverty;
Social Entrepreneurship;
Construction Industry;
Mexico
Applegate, Lynda M., José Antonio Dávila Castilla, Sarah Mehta, and Aldo Sesia. "MIA: Profit at the Base of the Pyramid." Harvard Business School Case 817-073, June 2017.
- 2019
- Chapter
Return on Invested Capital (ROIC)
Return on invested capital (ROIC) is a financial measure of the profitability of a firm or business unit. If it is greater than the business's cost of capital, then reinvestment of earnings increases shareholder VALUE. The ROIC also determines a maximum self-sustaining...
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Keywords:
Capital Efficiency;
Dupont Analysis;
Financial Metrics;
Schumpeterian Competition;
Sustainable Growth;
Competitive Advantage;
Financial Strategy;
Resource Allocation;
Valuation;
Value Creation
Baldwin, Carliss Y. "Return on Invested Capital (ROIC)." In The Palgrave Encyclopedia of Strategic Management. Continuously updated edition, edited by Mie Augier and David J. Teece. Palgrave Macmillan, 2017. Electronic. (Pre-published, October 2013.)
- March 2017 (Revised December 2018)
- Case
Reawakening the Magic: Bob Iger and the Walt Disney Company
By: David Collis and Ashley Hartman
Mickey Mouse, Snow White, and Buzz Lightyear strolled down Main Street at the grand opening of Hong Kong Disney in the fall of 2005, pausing to snap selfies with enthusiastic children in Mickey Mouse ears. Bob Iger, newly appointed CEO of The Walt Disney Company,...
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Keywords:
Franchise Management;
Brand Management;
Culture Change;
Business Units;
Acquisition Strategy;
Technological Change;
Disney;
ESPN;
Cord-cutting;
Bob Iger;
Strategy;
Corporate Strategy;
Competitive Advantage;
Diversification;
Integration;
Media;
Media and Broadcasting Industry;
Entertainment and Recreation Industry;
Consumer Products Industry
Collis, David, and Ashley Hartman. "Reawakening the Magic: Bob Iger and the Walt Disney Company." Harvard Business School Case 717-483, March 2017. (Revised December 2018.)
- February 2017
- Case
Aston Martin: A Second Century of Performance and Luxury
By: Vish V. Krishnan, Karim R. Lakhani and Amram Migdal
Following the March 2016 launch of DB11, Aston Martin Lagonda Ltd.’s first new sports car platform in over a decade, this case discusses the future strategy of the famed British luxury auto manufacturer. Since its founding in 1902, Aston Martin has been characterized...
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Keywords:
Luxury;
Auto Brand;
Luxury Auto;
Growth;
Innovation;
Business or Company Management;
Goals and Objectives;
Growth and Development Strategy;
Brands and Branding;
Product Marketing;
Product Launch;
Product Positioning;
Operations;
Product Design;
Product Development;
Production;
Innovation and Invention;
Transportation;
Innovation and Management;
Innovation Strategy;
Change;
Transformation;
Management;
Marketing;
Auto Industry;
Europe;
United Kingdom;
England
Krishnan, Vish V., Karim R. Lakhani, and Amram Migdal. "Aston Martin: A Second Century of Performance and Luxury." Harvard Business School Case 617-033, February 2017.
- January 2017 (Revised January 2019)
- Case
The Rise and Fall of Lehman Brothers
By: Stuart C. Gilson, Kristin Mugford and Sarah L. Abbott
With nearly $700 billion in assets, Lehman was the largest U.S. bankruptcy in history. In 2007, Lehman achieved record earnings of over $4 billion on revenues of $60 billion. By September 2008 the fourth largest investment bank in the world was bankrupt. How had a...
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Keywords:
Bankruptcy;
Financial Distress;
Accounting Policies;
Business Ethics;
Financial Reporting;
Volatility;
Judgments;
Financial Crisis;
Insolvency and Bankruptcy;
Financial Liquidity;
Investment Banking;
Financial Management;
Financial Strategy;
Corporate Accountability;
Corporate Disclosure;
Corporate Governance;
Crisis Management;
Risk Management;
Failure;
Business and Government Relations;
Ethics;
Banking Industry;
New York (city, NY)
Gilson, Stuart C., Kristin Mugford, and Sarah L. Abbott. "The Rise and Fall of Lehman Brothers." Harvard Business School Case 217-041, January 2017. (Revised January 2019.)
- January 2017
- Article
Being Surprised by the Unsurprising: Earnings Seasonality and Stock Returns
By: Tom Y. Chang, Samuel M. Hartzmark, David H. Solomon and Eugene F. Soltes
We present evidence consistent with markets failing to properly price information in seasonal earnings patterns. Firms with historically larger earnings in one quarter of the year (“positive seasonality quarters”) have higher returns when those earnings are usually...
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Chang, Tom Y., Samuel M. Hartzmark, David H. Solomon, and Eugene F. Soltes. "Being Surprised by the Unsurprising: Earnings Seasonality and Stock Returns." Review of Financial Studies 30, no. 1 (January 2017): 281–323.