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- Article
On the Division of Profit in Sequential Innovation
By: Jerry R. Green and Suzanne Scotchmer
In markets with sequential innovation, inventors of derivative improvements might undermine the profit of initial innovators through competition. Profit erosion can be mitigated by broadening the first innovator's patent protection and/or by permitting cooperative...
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Green, Jerry R., and Suzanne Scotchmer. "On the Division of Profit in Sequential Innovation." RAND Journal of Economics 26, no. 2 (Spring 1995): 20–33.
- January 1995 (Revised November 1995)
- Case
Candela Laser vs. Cynosure, Inc.
By: Josh Lerner and Benjamin Conway
Summarizes the lawsuit by Candela Laser against its former CEO and founder, who has begun a competing firm. The extent of patent and trade secret protection are crucial issues.
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Lerner, Josh, and Benjamin Conway. "Candela Laser vs. Cynosure, Inc." Harvard Business School Case 295-097, January 1995. (Revised November 1995.)
- November 1994 (Revised January 2006)
- Background Note
An Introduction to Patents and Trade Secrets
By: Josh Lerner
Provides an overview of patent and trade secret protection. Also discusses the legal processes through which intellectual property is protected and litigated.
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Lerner, Josh. "An Introduction to Patents and Trade Secrets." Harvard Business School Background Note 295-062, November 1994. (Revised January 2006.)
- summer 1994
- Article
The Importance of Patent Scope: An Empirical Analysis
By: J. Lerner
Keywords:
Patents
Lerner, J. "The Importance of Patent Scope: An Empirical Analysis." RAND Journal of Economics 25, no. 2 (summer 1994): 319–333. (Earlier version distributed as Center for Science and International Affairs (Kennedy School of Government) Working Paper No. 91-04. Reprinted in The Economics of Intellectual Property, edited by Ruth Towse and Rudi Holzhauer. Vol. 145 in The International Library of Critical Writings in Economics Series. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar, forthcoming.)
- January 1994 (Revised November 1997)
- Case
Aberlyn Capital Management: July 1993
By: Josh Lerner and Peter Tufano
Aberlyn Capital Management, a venture leasing firm specializing in providing capital to biotechnology firms, proposes to introduce a new product. Aberlyn will base a lease on an intangible product: the patent of a biotechnology firm. This poses a series of short and...
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Keywords:
Financing and Loans;
Valuation;
Product Launch;
Problems and Challenges;
Patents;
Financial Instruments;
Financial Services Industry;
Biotechnology Industry
Lerner, Josh, and Peter Tufano. "Aberlyn Capital Management: July 1993." Harvard Business School Case 294-083, January 1994. (Revised November 1997.)
- September 1993
- Case
Manufacturing at ALZA: The Right Prescription? (A)
ALZA, a company specializing in drug delivery systems such as transdermal patches, considers manufacturing its own products. Until now, the company has conducted research and development on its patented system but has then licensed the technology to client-partner...
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Keywords:
Business or Company Management;
Technological Innovation;
Innovation and Management;
Growth and Development Strategy;
Problems and Challenges;
Production;
Research and Development;
Organizational Change and Adaptation;
Pharmaceutical Industry;
Medical Devices and Supplies Industry
Leonard, Dorothy A. "Manufacturing at ALZA: The Right Prescription? (A)." Harvard Business School Case 694-019, September 1993.
- September 1993
- Supplement
Manufacturing at ALZA: The Right Prescription? (B)
ALZA, a drug delivery company, must decide what and for whom to manufacture. In the past, it has licensed to pharmaceutical companies its patented system for the slow release of drugs into the human system. Therefore the company has little experience in choice of drug...
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Keywords:
Experience and Expertise;
Decision Choices and Conditions;
Patents;
Production;
Pharmaceutical Industry;
Medical Devices and Supplies Industry
Leonard, Dorothy A. "Manufacturing at ALZA: The Right Prescription? (B)." Harvard Business School Supplement 694-020, September 1993.
- Article
Geographic Localization of Knowledge Spillovers as Evidenced by Patent Citations
By: Rebecca M. Henderson, Adam Jaffe and Manuel Trajtenberg
Henderson, Rebecca M., Adam Jaffe, and Manuel Trajtenberg. "Geographic Localization of Knowledge Spillovers as Evidenced by Patent Citations." Quarterly Journal of Economics 108, no. 3 (August 1993): 578–598. (Reprinted in Recent Developments in Growth Theory, edited by Daron Acemoglu, Cheltenham U.K: Elgar, 2004.)
- February 1992 (Revised April 1995)
- Case
Pfizer: Global Protection of Intellectual Property
By: Lynn S. Paine and Michael Santoro
Top officials at Pfizer are assessing their strategy for improving protection of Pfizer's patents around the world. The outcome of the Uruguay Round of the GATT negotiations is uncertain, and it is not clear whether an acceptable intellectual property protection...
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Keywords:
Patents;
Trade;
Policy;
Government and Politics;
Business Strategy;
Agreements and Arrangements;
Alliances;
Cross-Cultural and Cross-Border Issues;
Pharmaceutical Industry;
United States;
Japan;
Europe
Paine, Lynn S., and Michael Santoro. "Pfizer: Global Protection of Intellectual Property." Harvard Business School Case 392-073, February 1992. (Revised April 1995.)
- September 1991 (Revised August 1994)
- Background Note
Note on Pharmaceutical Industry Regulation
Traces the evolution of U.S. regulatory policy towards the pharmaceutical industry over the course of the twentieth century. A major theme is the steady shift away from a policy of 'let the buyer beware' to the creation of a complex and time-consuming review process,...
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Keywords:
Safety;
Industry Growth;
Marketing;
Research and Development;
Health Testing and Trials;
Economics;
Pharmaceutical Industry;
United States
Emmons, Willis M., III. "Note on Pharmaceutical Industry Regulation." Harvard Business School Background Note 792-002, September 1991. (Revised August 1994.)
- Article
Novelty and Disclosure in Patent Law
By: Suzanne Scotchmer and Jerry R. Green
The stringency of the novelty requirement in patent law affects the pace of innovation because it affects the amount of technical information that is disclosed among firms. It also affects ex ante profitability of research. We compare weak and strong novelty...
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Scotchmer, Suzanne, and Jerry R. Green. "Novelty and Disclosure in Patent Law." RAND Journal of Economics 21, no. 1 (Spring 1990): 131–146.
- January 1988 (Revised May 1992)
- Case
Howard Head and Prince Manufacturing, Inc.
Deals with the issue of an entrepreneur in a very successful company deciding whether to stay through a period of great growth or to sell. What are the entrepreneur's responsibilities to the organization, to his employees, to the public? As subtopics, the issues of...
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Keywords:
Business Growth and Maturation;
Decisions;
Entrepreneurship;
Patents;
Law;
Markets;
Production;
Sales
Stevenson, Howard H. "Howard Head and Prince Manufacturing, Inc." Harvard Business School Case 388-079, January 1988. (Revised May 1992.)
- Research Summary
AIDS in Africa: Life, Death and Property Rights
By: Debora L. Spar
In the final years of the twentieth century, the world was hit by a plague of epidemic proportions--the plague of AIDS, a life-threatening disease that remained stubbornly immune to any cure or vaccine. In the developed nations of the West, AIDS was slowly brought...
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- Research Summary
Bringing Individuals Back In: The Effects of Career Experience on New Firm Founding (forthcoming Industrial and Corporate Change, 2003)
By: Rakesh Khurana
In this paper (with Scott Shane) the link between the career experiences of potential entrepreneurs and the decision to found a new firm is explored. Because of methodological and theoretical obstacles, sociological research on organizational foundings has largely...
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- Forthcoming
- Article
Financial Innovation in the 21st Century: Evidence from U.S. Patents
By: Josh Lerner, Amit Seru, Nick Short and Yuan Sun
We develop a unique dataset of 24 thousand U.S. finance patents granted over the last two decades to explore the evolution and production of financial innovation. We use machine learning to identify the financial patents and extensively audit the results to ensure...
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Keywords:
Banking;
Investment Banks;
Information Technology;
Regulation;
Patents;
Innovation and Invention;
Trends
Lerner, Josh, Amit Seru, Nick Short, and Yuan Sun. "Financial Innovation in the 21st Century: Evidence from U.S. Patents." Journal of Political Economy (forthcoming). (Pre-published online.)
- Research Summary
National Innovative Capacity and the Ideas Production Function
Joint research with Scott Stern (MIT) is exploring the determinants of innovative capacity across countries using time series/cross-section data ("Measuring the "Ideas" Production Function: Evidence from International Patent...
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- Teaching Interest
Overview
By: Lauren H. Cohen
Family Enterprises - Family Offices - FinTech - Innovation - Patent Landscape - Asset Pricing - Behavioral Finance - Asset Management
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- Research Summary
Overview
By: Kyle R. Myers
Professor Myers studies the economics of what determines the rate and direction of innovation. He has examined the reallocation of scientists through the use of targeted research grants at the National Institutes of Health, and is working to further understand how...
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Keywords:
Technology Networks;
Commercialization;
Science-Based Business;
Research and Development;
Knowledge Management;
Patents;
Innovation Strategy;
Technological Innovation;
Health Care and Treatment;
Entrepreneurship;
Health;
Innovation and Invention;
Science;
Technology;
Knowledge;
Intellectual Property;
Economics;
Microeconomics;
Biotechnology Industry;
Health Industry;
Pharmaceutical Industry;
Technology Industry
- 2016
- Working Paper
Patent Publication and the Market for Ideas
By: Deepak Hegde and Hong Luo
In this paper, we study the effect of invention disclosure through patent publication on the market for ideas. We do so by analyzing the effects of the American Inventor's Protection Act of 1999 (AIPA)—which required US patent applications to be published 18 months...
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Hegde, Deepak, and Hong Luo. "Patent Publication and the Market for Ideas." Working Paper, February 2016. (Accepted for publication in Management Science.)
- Forthcoming
- Article
Standing on the Shoulders of Science
By: Joshua Lev Krieger, Monika Schnitzer and Martin Watzinger
Today’s innovations rely on scientific discoveries of the past, yet only some corporate
R&D builds directly on scientific output. In this paper, we analyze U.S. patents to
investigate how firms generate value by building on prior art “closer” to science. We
show...
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Krieger, Joshua Lev, Monika Schnitzer, and Martin Watzinger. "Standing on the Shoulders of Science." Strategic Management Journal (forthcoming). (Pre-published online March 25, 2024.)