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All HBS Web
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- Faculty Publications (948)
- October 1991 (Revised August 1993)
- Case
Acid Rain: Burlington Northern, Inc. (A)
Burlington Northern (BN) hauls low-sulfur coal from the northern Great Plains to electric utilities in the Midwest. Acid rain legislation may affect the geographic scope of BN's markets. Railroad managers need to assess the economic effects of acid rain controls and...
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Keywords:
Rail Transportation;
Environmental Sustainability;
Development Economics;
Government Legislation;
Natural Environment;
Policy;
Metals and Minerals;
Industry Growth;
Industry Structures;
Rail Industry;
United States
Reinhardt, Forest L. "Acid Rain: Burlington Northern, Inc. (A)." Harvard Business School Case 792-018, October 1991. (Revised August 1993.)
- August 1991
- Background Note
Industrial Market Research: Beta Test Site Management
By: Robert J. Dolan
Describes the role of BETA tests in the new product development process and presents guidelines for effective test program development.
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Dolan, Robert J. "Industrial Market Research: Beta Test Site Management." Harvard Business School Background Note 592-010, August 1991.
- 1991
- Article
Job Satisfaction, Service Capability and Customer Satisfaction: An Examination of Linkages and Management Implications
By: Leonard A. Schlesinger and Jeffrey Zornitsky
Survey data from 1,277 employees and 4,269 customers of a personal lines insurance organization were analyzed with the following results: (a) employee perceptions of service quality are positively related to both job satisfaction and self-perceived service capability;...
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Schlesinger, Leonard A., and Jeffrey Zornitsky. "Job Satisfaction, Service Capability and Customer Satisfaction: An Examination of Linkages and Management Implications." Human Resource Planning 14, no. 2 (1991): 141–149.
- March 1991 (Revised June 1993)
- Case
Chevron Corp.: Corporate Image Advertising
By: John A. Quelch
Describes a series of advertising research studies conducted by Chevron to monitor the effectiveness of its corporate advertising. Specific research approaches covered include the McCollum-Spielman and Communications Techniques. The Vals Typology developed by Stanford...
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Keywords:
Surveys;
Multinational Firms and Management;
Research;
Advertising;
Brands and Branding;
Energy Industry;
United States
Quelch, John A. "Chevron Corp.: Corporate Image Advertising." Harvard Business School Case 591-005, March 1991. (Revised June 1993.)
- February 1991 (Revised July 1993)
- Case
Cultural Change at Nissan Motors
By: John P. Kotter
Depicts the reformation of Nissan Motor Co.'s corporate culture and the company's subsequent turnaround in market share and profits. In 1985, Yutaka Kume became president of Nissan and thereafter, he continually emphasized the need for internal change throughout the...
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Keywords:
Organizational Change and Adaptation;
Organizational Culture;
Leadership;
Behavior;
Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms;
Change Management;
Management;
Auto Industry;
Manufacturing Industry
Kotter, John P. "Cultural Change at Nissan Motors." Harvard Business School Case 491-079, February 1991. (Revised July 1993.)
- February 1991 (Revised March 1995)
- Case
Alantar, Inc.
By: Jay W. Lorsch
The CEO and chairman of Alantar, Inc. is confronted with the problem of how to create a more effective board of directors and also how to provide for his own successor.
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Keywords:
Governing and Advisory Boards;
Management Succession;
Agriculture and Agribusiness Industry;
Ecuador
Lorsch, Jay W. "Alantar, Inc." Harvard Business School Case 391-158, February 1991. (Revised March 1995.)
- Article
Enfranchisement of Service Workers
By: Leonard A. Schlesinger and James Heskett
Enfranchisement is achieved through an integration of empowerment with methods of pay for performance. Evidence from Ito Yokado Group in Japan and Nordstrom in the US demonstrates the positive effects of enfranchisement. Successful efforts to enfranchise employees: 1....
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Keywords:
Motivation and Incentives;
Franchise Ownership;
Employees;
Compensation and Benefits;
Service Industry;
Japan;
United States
Schlesinger, Leonard A., and James Heskett. "Enfranchisement of Service Workers." California Management Review 33, no. 4 (Summer 1991).
- August 1990
- Case
NASA After Challenger: Restoring an Image
By: Stephen A. Greyser and Norman Klein
In the days following the loss of the space shuttle Challenger and its crew in January of 1986, NASA officials were unwilling to communicate with the media or the public. A siege mentality took hold, and the press and public responded with intense criticism and...
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Keywords:
Communication Strategy;
Policy;
Business and Community Relations;
Situation or Environment;
Conflict Management
Greyser, Stephen A., and Norman Klein. "NASA After Challenger: Restoring an Image." Harvard Business School Case 591-009, August 1990.
- March 1990 (Revised October 1999)
- Case
Mary Kay Cosmetics: Sales Force Incentives (A)
By: Robert L. Simons and Hilary Weston
Describes the incentive system by which Mary Kay Cosmetics motivates the sales force of 200,000 independent agents who comprise the firm's only distribution channel. Illustrates the powerful effect on sales-force behavior that results when creative types of employee...
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Keywords:
Motivation and Incentives;
Cost Management;
Salesforce Management;
Distribution Channels;
Beauty and Cosmetics Industry;
United States
Simons, Robert L., and Hilary Weston. "Mary Kay Cosmetics: Sales Force Incentives (A)." Harvard Business School Case 190-103, March 1990. (Revised October 1999.)
- Article
Measuring the Effectiveness of Competition in Defense Procurement: A Survey of the Empirical Literature
By: James J. Anton and Dennis A. Yao
This article surveys the literature that has attempted to measure competition's effects on defense procurement. The focus is on conceptual underpinnings of models rather than technical aspects of estimation procedures. While providing valuable insight, the models are...
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Keywords:
Performance Effectiveness;
Competition;
Surveys;
Value;
Economics;
Forecasting and Prediction;
Programs;
Power and Influence;
Management Analysis, Tools, and Techniques
Anton, James J., and Dennis A. Yao. "Measuring the Effectiveness of Competition in Defense Procurement: A Survey of the Empirical Literature." Journal of Policy Analysis and Management 9, no. 1 (Winter 1990): 60–79. (Harvard users click here for full text.)
- December 1989 (Revised February 1993)
- Case
Frito-Lay, Inc.: A Strategic Transition (C)
In 1989, Frito-Lay designed an information technology infrastructure to support time-based competition and organizational restructuring. The company planned to provide timely flexible information to all major decision makers at all levels. This case describes the...
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Keywords:
Design;
Information Technology;
Information Infrastructure;
Competitive Strategy;
Time Management;
Organizational Structure;
Information Management;
Strategic Planning;
Performance Effectiveness;
Decision Choices and Conditions;
Food and Beverage Industry;
Manufacturing Industry
Applegate, Lynda M. "Frito-Lay, Inc.: A Strategic Transition (C)." Harvard Business School Case 190-071, December 1989. (Revised February 1993.)
- October 1988 (Revised November 2006)
- Background Note
Aspects of Sales Management: An Introduction
Discusses certain general issues that affect sales-management requirements in most companies: 1) the nature of the salesperson's "boundary role" in the organization, and 2) the relevance and limits of compensation policies as a key means of affecting the salesperson's...
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Keywords:
Salesforce Management
Cespedes, Frank V. "Aspects of Sales Management: An Introduction." Harvard Business School Background Note 589-061, October 1988. (Revised November 2006.)
- August 1988 (Revised January 1992)
- Supplement
Norton Group PLC: To Be or Not to Be in the Motorcycle Business (B)
By: V. Kasturi Rangan and Jon Skofic
Outlines the decisions taken by the company's management team in response to the challenges posed in Norton Group PLC (A). For each such decision, further data is provided for students to ponder the effectiveness of the action steps undertaken.
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Keywords:
Motorcycle Industry
Rangan, V. Kasturi, and Jon Skofic. "Norton Group PLC: To Be or Not to Be in the Motorcycle Business (B)." Harvard Business School Supplement 589-014, August 1988. (Revised January 1992.)
- October 1987 (Revised July 1991)
- Case
Tiffany & Co.
This premier retail jewelry company was bought from its parent, Avon, by a group of investors led by its own management in 1984. The company was highly leveraged, financially, and had to scramble to meet the cash flow and earnings requirements laid down by its lenders....
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Keywords:
Acquisition;
Borrowing and Debt;
Cash Flow;
Price;
Going Public;
Apparel and Accessories Industry
Hayes, Samuel L., III. "Tiffany & Co." Harvard Business School Case 288-022, October 1987. (Revised July 1991.)
- July 1987 (Revised October 1995)
- Case
Phillips 66: Controlling a Company Through Crisis
The downstream operations subsidiary of a major U.S. petroleum company is faced with major restructuring decisions and responds by developing an Executive Information System (EIS) which allows for increased responsiveness, wider span of control, and higher levels of...
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Keywords:
Restructuring;
Information Management;
Governance Controls;
Organizational Design;
Crisis Management;
Communication;
Management Teams;
Growth Management;
Mining Industry;
Energy Industry;
United States
Applegate, Lynda M. "Phillips 66: Controlling a Company Through Crisis." Harvard Business School Case 189-006, July 1987. (Revised October 1995.)
- January 1987 (Revised January 2002)
- Case
Baker Precision Instruments, Inc.
By: Ramchandran Jaikumar, Roy Shapiro, Donald Rosenfield and Kathryn E. Stecke
A rapidly growing machine parts manufacturer is trying to decide whether to acquire an advanced Flexible Manufacturing System or Systems. The selection decisions must address the impact of new technology, the effect of setup times on production planning and capacity,...
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Keywords:
Information Technology;
Cost vs Benefits;
Machinery and Machining;
Production;
Decision Choices and Conditions;
Management Systems;
Manufacturing Industry;
Industrial Products Industry
Jaikumar, Ramchandran, Roy Shapiro, Donald Rosenfield, and Kathryn E. Stecke. "Baker Precision Instruments, Inc." Harvard Business School Case 687-052, January 1987. (Revised January 2002.)
- April 1986 (Revised May 1988)
- Case
Sun Microsystems, Inc. (B)
By: Kim B. Clark
Dissects the manufacturing process and procedures of a high-end computer manufacturer. The main issue is how to introduce new products and ramp them up quickly in a competitive environment where time-to-market is crucial. Focuses on engineering change orders--how they...
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Keywords:
Factories, Labs, and Plants;
Time Management;
Product Launch;
Production;
Business Processes;
Competitive Strategy;
Computer Industry
Clark, Kim B. "Sun Microsystems, Inc. (B)." Harvard Business School Case 686-134, April 1986. (Revised May 1988.)
- August 1984 (Revised March 1989)
- Background Note
Direct, Personal Leadership
By: Joseph L. Badaracco Jr. and Richard R. Ellsworth
Argues that to be effective leaders, general managers must focus on substance, not process, and aggressively combat the forces that can lead to the politicization of the organization. Examines the leader's direct role in setting and communicating goals, managing the...
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Badaracco, Joseph L., Jr., and Richard R. Ellsworth. "Direct, Personal Leadership." Harvard Business School Background Note 385-107, August 1984. (Revised March 1989.)
- September 1983
- Article
A Longitudinal Study of the Effects of Boundary Spanning Supervision on Turnover and Promotion in Research and Development
By: Michael Tushman and R. Katz
Tushman, Michael, and R. Katz. "A Longitudinal Study of the Effects of Boundary Spanning Supervision on Turnover and Promotion in Research and Development." Academy of Management Journal 26, no. 3 (September 1983): 437–459.
- January 1983 (Revised June 1985)
- Case
Mary Kay Cosmetics, Inc.: Marketing Communications
By: John A. Quelch
Marketing executives at the company are considering the merits of a variety of communications programs designed to increase the effectiveness of the company's sales force of beauty consultants.
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Keywords:
Marketing Communications;
Salesforce Management;
Decision Making;
Performance Effectiveness;
Management Teams;
Beauty and Cosmetics Industry;
United States
Quelch, John A. "Mary Kay Cosmetics, Inc.: Marketing Communications." Harvard Business School Case 583-068, January 1983. (Revised June 1985.)