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- Faculty Publications (54)
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- All HBS Web (252)
- Faculty Publications (54)
- Forthcoming
- Article
Differentiating on Diversity: How Disclosing Workforce Diversity Influences Consumer Choice
Companies are facing increased pressure to “walk the talk” on diversity, equity, and inclusion (DEI) in their operations. One specific call-to-action from stakeholders is the public disclosure of EEO-1s. Companies with 100+ employees are federally mandated to annually...
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Balakrishnan, Maya, Jimin Nam, and Ryan W. Buell. "Differentiating on Diversity: How Disclosing Workforce Diversity Influences Consumer Choice." Production and Operations Management (forthcoming). (Pre-published online March 7, 2024.)
- 24 Jul 2000
- Research & Ideas
Global Brands: Connecting With Consumers Across Boundaries
What's in a name? Plenty if you're a consumer marketer trying to build a brand. "They are road signs that help people find orientation in the jungle of supply", said Hans G. Gueldenberg, CEO of Nestlé Deutschland AG. According...
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by James E. Aisner
- 25 Jan 2017
- HBS Case
How Should Advertisers Respond to Consumer Demand for Whiter Skin?
think of the role of advertising as providing primes that are psychological in nature as a means of persuasion, you can take something that exists in society—a consumer preference for fair skin—and leverage it for good or for bad.”...
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- 17 Mar 2020
- Working Paper Summaries
From Sweetheart to Scapegoat: Brand Selfie-Taking Shapes Consumer Behavior
- 07 Apr 2022
- Research & Ideas
Giving Back: Consumers Care More About How Companies Donate Than How Much
the winner, but many consumers would choose Target, the research suggests. "People's perception is that brands that sacrifice relatively more of their earnings seem more generous." The findings come as many...
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by Pamela Reynolds
- 2013
- Article
Optimizing the Amount of Entertainment in Advertising: What's So Funny about Tracking Reactions to Humor?
By: Thales S. Teixeira and Horst Stipp
Humor and other entertaining content, as opposed to demonstrations of product features and "selling," are increasingly used in advertising, such as TV commercials, to attract and keep consumers' attention. This study uses facial tracking to explore how marketers can...
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Keywords:
Advertising Content;
Entertainment;
Face Perception;
Advertising;
Digital Marketing;
Television Entertainment;
Consumer Products Industry;
Consumer Products Industry
Teixeira, Thales S., and Horst Stipp. "Optimizing the Amount of Entertainment in Advertising: What's So Funny about Tracking Reactions to Humor?" Journal of Advertising Research 53, no. 3 (September 2013): 286–296.
- 2012
- Working Paper
Entrepreneurship in the Natural Food and Beauty Categories Before 2000: Global Visions and Local Expressions
By: Geoffrey Jones
This working paper examines the creation of the global natural food and beauty categories before 2000. This is shown to have been a lengthy process of new category creation involving the exercise of entrepreneurial imagination. Pioneering entrepreneurs faced little...
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Keywords:
Marketing;
Consumer Goods;
Entrepreneurs;
Environment;
Food;
Globalization;
Business History;
Agribusiness;
Agriculture and Agribusiness Industry;
Beauty and Cosmetics Industry;
Consumer Products Industry;
Food and Beverage Industry;
Asia;
Europe;
Latin America;
Middle East;
North and Central America
Jones, Geoffrey. "Entrepreneurship in the Natural Food and Beauty Categories Before 2000: Global Visions and Local Expressions." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 13-024, August 2012.
- January 2017
- Article
Should You Sleep on It? The Effects of Overnight Sleep on Subjective Preference-based Choice
By: Uma R. Karmarkar, Baba Shiv and Rebecca M.C. Spencer
Conventional wisdom and studies of unconscious processing suggest that sleeping on a choice may improve decision-making. Though sleep has been shown to benefit several cognitive tasks, including problem solving, its impact on everyday choices remains unclear. Here we...
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Keywords:
Decision Making;
Choice;
Sleep;
Choice Sets;
Confidence;
Consumer Psychology;
Consumer Preferences;
Decision Choices and Conditions;
Consumer Behavior
Karmarkar, Uma R., Baba Shiv, and Rebecca M.C. Spencer. "Should You Sleep on It? The Effects of Overnight Sleep on Subjective Preference-based Choice." Journal of Behavioral Decision Making 30, no. 1 (January 2017): 70–79.
- Research Summary
Overview
Hisano’s research addresses the social and cultural implications of technological development and economic changes mainly in the twentieth-century United States. By analyzing the regulation, manipulation, and presentation of food color, her current book project links...
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Keywords:
Business History;
Consumer Behavior;
Agribusiness;
Food And Environment;
Business Strategy;
Commercialization;
Business And Government;
Advertising;
Goods and Commodities;
Food;
History;
Government and Politics;
Marketing;
Business and Government Relations;
Advertising Industry;
Food and Beverage Industry;
Chemical Industry;
United States
- January 1989 (Revised December 1991)
- Case
British Airways: ""Go for It, America!"" Promotion (A)
Senior marketing executives of a major international airline are deciding on a strategy to address a crisis situation precipitated by a series of terrorist acts. The company is experiencing the worst downturn ever in its U.S.-U.K. travel business due to media reports...
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Keywords:
Advertising Campaigns;
Crime and Corruption;
Crisis Management;
Management Teams;
Time Management;
Marketing Strategy;
Perception;
Value Creation;
Travel Industry;
United Kingdom;
United States
Greyser, Stephen A. British Airways: ""Go for It, America!"" Promotion (A). Harvard Business School Case 589-089, January 1989. (Revised December 1991.)
- 23 Aug 2010
- News
Skin of Color in the United States
- 05 Jun 2017
- Working Paper Summaries
Cellophane, the New Visuality, and the Creation of Self-Service Food Retailing
- 20 Nov 2019
- Video
Shinta Widjaja Kamdani
Shinta Widjaja Kamdani, owner of Indonesian-based consumer products and energy company Sintesa Group, discusses facing the perception by male employees of her as a “spoiled kid” who succeeded because she was...
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- Research Summary
Superfluous Choices and the Persistence of Preference
Superfluous choices are unnecessary choice steps that could be removed without affecting the final choice context and outcome. They are introduced in this article in order to study the mere effects of consumer participation. Superfluous choices have no immediate impact...
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- July 2021
- Article
Consumers—Especially Women—Avoid Buying from Firms with Higher Gender Pay Gaps
By: Tobias Schlager, Bhavya Mohan, Katherine DeCelles and Michael I. Norton
We document a unique driver of consumer behavior: the public disclosure of a firm’s gender pay gap. Four experiments provide causal evidence that when firms are revealed to have gender pay gaps, consumers are less willing to pay for their goods, a reaction driven by...
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Keywords:
Pay Gap;
Perceived Wage Fairness;
Purchase Intention;
Gender;
Wages;
Fairness;
Perception;
Consumer Behavior
Schlager, Tobias, Bhavya Mohan, Katherine DeCelles, and Michael I. Norton. "Consumers—Especially Women—Avoid Buying from Firms with Higher Gender Pay Gaps." Special Issue on Consumer Psychology for the Greater Good. Journal of Consumer Psychology 31, no. 3 (July 2021): 518–531.
- June 2017
- Article
Creating Reciprocal Value Through Operational Transparency
By: Ryan W. Buell, Tami Kim and Chia-Jung Tsay
We investigate whether organizations can create value by introducing visual transparency between consumers and producers. Although operational transparency has been shown to improve consumer perceptions of service value, existing theory posits that increased contact...
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Keywords:
Operational Transparency;
Service Management;
Production Management;
Organizational Performance;
Behavioral Operations;
Service Operations;
Service Delivery;
Consumer Behavior;
Labor;
Organizational Design;
Operations;
Service Industry;
United States;
Kenya
Buell, Ryan W., Tami Kim, and Chia-Jung Tsay. "Creating Reciprocal Value Through Operational Transparency." Management Science 63, no. 6 (June 2017): 1673–1695.
- Article
Social Recycling Transforms Unwanted Goods into Happiness
By: Grant Edward Donnelly, Cait Lamberton, Rebecca Walker Reczek and Michael I. Norton
Consumers are often surrounded by resources that once offered meaning or happiness but that have lost this subjective value over time—even as they retain their objective utility. We explore the potential for social recycling—disposing of used goods by allowing other...
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Keywords:
Disposition;
Well-being;
Prosocial Behavior;
Pro-environmental Behavior;
Happiness;
Behavior;
Philanthropy and Charitable Giving;
Environmental Sustainability
Donnelly, Grant Edward, Cait Lamberton, Rebecca Walker Reczek, and Michael I. Norton. "Social Recycling Transforms Unwanted Goods into Happiness." Journal of the Association for Consumer Research 2, no. 1 (January 2017): 48–63.
- Research Summary
Regulatory negotiations and risk communication
In the pharmaceutical industry a drugs benefits and risks are constantly being weighed by companies, regulators, physicians and drug consumers. While companies and regulators must make decisions based on population statistics about drug outcomes, physicians and drug...
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- 17 Jan 2024
- HBS Case
Psychological Pricing Tactics to Fight the Inflation Blues
psychological pricing to your advantage is key during times like these,” Ofek says. “When you raise prices, demand often falls—and sometimes consumer perceptions cause the fall to be so big that you're...
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- 27 Feb 2024
- Research & Ideas
Why Companies Should Share Their DEI Data (Even When It’s Unflattering)
studies, the team investigated how consumers respond when companies voluntarily disclose that data, since sharing those numbers with the public is optional. Maya Balakrishnan and Jimin Nam, doctoral students at HBS, wrote the study with...
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by Shalene Gupta