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All HBS Web
(10,622)
- Faculty Publications (3,029)
- Working Paper
Visual Uniqueness in Peer-to-Peer Marketplaces: Machine Learning Model Development, Validation, and Application
By: Flora Feng, Charis Li and Shunyuan Zhang
Peer-to-peer (P2P) marketplaces have seen exponential growth in recent years featured by unique offerings from individual providers. Despite the perceived value of uniqueness, scalable quantification of visual uniqueness in P2P platforms like Airbnb has been largely...
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Keywords:
Peer-to-peer Markets;
Marketplace Matching;
AI and Machine Learning;
Demand and Consumers;
Digital Platforms;
Marketing
Feng, Flora, Charis Li, and Shunyuan Zhang. "Visual Uniqueness in Peer-to-Peer Marketplaces: Machine Learning Model Development, Validation, and Application." SSRN Working Paper Series, No. 4665286, February 2024.
- 2024
- Working Paper
Age at Immigrant Arrival and Career Mobility: Evidence from Vietnamese Refugee Migration and the Amerasian Homecoming Act
By: Sari Pekkala Kerr, William R. Kerr and Kendall Smith
We study the long-run career mobility of young immigrants, mostly refugees, from Vietnam who moved to the United States during 1989-1995. This third and final migration wave of young Vietnamese immigrants was sparked by unexpected events that culminated in the...
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Keywords:
Vietnam;
Vietnam War;
Assimilation;
Immigration;
Refugees;
Age;
Outcome or Result;
Personal Development and Career;
Viet Nam
Kerr, Sari Pekkala, William R. Kerr, and Kendall Smith. "Age at Immigrant Arrival and Career Mobility: Evidence from Vietnamese Refugee Migration and the Amerasian Homecoming Act." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 24-044, January 2024.
- 2024
- Working Paper
The Wandering Scholars: Understanding the Heterogeneity of University Commercialization
By: Josh Lerner, Henry Manley, Carolyn Stein and Heidi Williams
University-based scientific research has long been argued to be a central source of
commercial innovation and economic growth. Yet at the same time, there have been
long-held concerns that many university-based discoveries never realize their potential
social...
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Lerner, Josh, Henry Manley, Carolyn Stein, and Heidi Williams. "The Wandering Scholars: Understanding the Heterogeneity of University Commercialization." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 24-043, January 2024.
- 2024
- Working Paper
Contributing to Growth? The Role of Open Source Software for Global Startups
By: Nataliya Langburd Wright, Frank Nagle and Shane Greenstein
Does participating in open source software (OSS) communities spur entrepreneurial growth? More
efficiently developing shared code, learning from what the OSS community has developed, and
shaping the direction of massive projects, such as those linked to frameworks...
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Keywords:
Applications and Software;
Open Source Distribution;
Entrepreneurship;
Business Growth and Maturation;
Human Capital;
Valuation;
Corporate Strategy
Wright, Nataliya Langburd, Frank Nagle, and Shane Greenstein. "Contributing to Growth? The Role of Open Source Software for Global Startups." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 24-040, January 2024.
- 2024
- Working Paper
The Value of Open Source Software
By: Manuel Hoffmann, Frank Nagle and Yanuo Zhou
The value of a non-pecuniary (free) product is inherently difficult to assess. A pervasive
example is open source software (OSS), a global public good that plays a vital role in the economy
and is foundational for most technology we use today. However, it is...
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Hoffmann, Manuel, Frank Nagle, and Yanuo Zhou. "The Value of Open Source Software." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 24-038, January 2024.
- January 11, 2024
- Article
Understanding the Tradeoffs of the Amazon Antitrust Case
By: Chiara Farronato, Andrey Fradkin, Andrei Hagiu and Dionne Lomax
Regulators in the United States and Europe have been taking on Big Tech, challenging what they say are the companies’ anti-competitive and predatory strategies that harm consumers and third-party users of their platforms. This article examines the FTC’s case against...
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Keywords:
Monopoly;
Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms;
Market Design;
Lawsuits and Litigation
Farronato, Chiara, Andrey Fradkin, Andrei Hagiu, and Dionne Lomax. "Understanding the Tradeoffs of the Amazon Antitrust Case." Harvard Business Review Digital Articles (January 11, 2024).
- January 2024 (Revised February 2024)
- Case
OpenAI: Idealism Meets Capitalism
By: Shikhar Ghosh and Shweta Bagai
In November 2023, the board of OpenAI, one of the most successful companies in the history of technology, decided to fire Sam Altman, its charismatic and influential CEO. Their decision shocked the corporate world and had people wondering why OpenAI had designed a...
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Ghosh, Shikhar, and Shweta Bagai. "OpenAI: Idealism Meets Capitalism." Harvard Business School Case 824-134, January 2024. (Revised February 2024.)
- January 2024
- Technical Note
The ICARUS Principles: What it Takes to Tackle the World
By: Debora L. Spar and Julia M. Comeau
Over the course of the 20th century, most of the world’s major multinational corporations framed their mission around Milton Friedman’s famous mantra: that the sole purpose of the firm is to maximize its shareholders’ profits. Recently, however, growing numbers of...
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Spar, Debora L., and Julia M. Comeau. "The ICARUS Principles: What it Takes to Tackle the World." Harvard Business School Technical Note 324-055, January 2024.
- January 2024 (Revised February 2024)
- Case
Data-Driven Denim: Financial Forecasting at Levi Strauss
By: Mark Egan
The case examines Levi Strauss’ journey in implementing machine learning and AI into its financial forecasting process. The apparel company partnered with the IT company Wipro in 2017 to develop a machine learning algorithm that could help Levi Strauss forecast its...
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Keywords:
Investor Relations;
Forecasting;
Machine Learning;
Artificial Intelligence;
Apparel;
Corporate Finance;
Forecasting and Prediction;
AI and Machine Learning;
Apparel and Accessories Industry;
United States
Egan, Mark. "Data-Driven Denim: Financial Forecasting at Levi Strauss." Harvard Business School Case 224-029, January 2024. (Revised February 2024.)
- 2024
- Working Paper
Lost in Transmission
By: Thomas Graeber, Shakked Noy and Christopher Roth
For many decisions, people rely on information received from others by word of mouth. How does the process of verbal transmission distort economic information? In our experiments, participants listen to audio recordings containing economic forecasts and are paid to...
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Keywords:
Information Trnasmission;
Word Of Mouth;
Word-of-Mouth;
Narratives;
Reliability;
Knowledge Sharing;
Spoken Communication;
Cognition and Thinking
Graeber, Thomas, Shakked Noy, and Christopher Roth. "Lost in Transmission." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 24-047, January 2024.
- 2024
- Conference Paper
Quantifying Uncertainty in Natural Language Explanations of Large Language Models
By: Himabindu Lakkaraju, Sree Harsha Tanneru and Chirag Agarwal
Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly used as powerful tools for several
high-stakes natural language processing (NLP) applications. Recent prompting
works claim to elicit intermediate reasoning steps and key tokens that serve as
proxy explanations for LLM...
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Lakkaraju, Himabindu, Sree Harsha Tanneru, and Chirag Agarwal. "Quantifying Uncertainty in Natural Language Explanations of Large Language Models." Paper presented at the Society for Artificial Intelligence and Statistics, 2024.
- December 2023 (Revised February 2024)
- Case
Generative AI and the Future of Work
By: Christopher Stanton and Matt Higgins
Generative AI seemed poised to reshape the world of work, including the higher-wage, white-collar jobs typically pursued by MBA graduates. Informed by the latest research, this case explores generative AI's potential impacts on work, productivity, value creation, and...
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Keywords:
AI;
Future Of Work;
Labor Market;
AI and Machine Learning;
Labor;
Technology Industry;
United States
Stanton, Christopher, and Matt Higgins. "Generative AI and the Future of Work." Harvard Business School Case 824-130, December 2023. (Revised February 2024.)
- 2023
- Working Paper
Money, Time, and Grant Design
By: Kyle Myers and Wei Yang Tham
The design of research grants has been hypothesized to be a useful tool for
influencing researchers and their science. We test this by conducting two thought
experiments in a nationally representative survey of academic researchers. First,
we offer participants a...
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Myers, Kyle, and Wei Yang Tham. "Money, Time, and Grant Design." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 24-037, December 2023.
- December 2023
- Case
Microsoft Azure and the Cloud Wars (B)
By: Andy Wu and Matt Higgins
By 2023, the global market for cloud infrastructure had consolidated into a three-horse race. As of Q4 2022, Amazon, Microsoft, and Google collectively accounted for 66% of the global market. AWS had a market share of 33%, Microsoft Azure had 23%, and Google Cloud had...
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- December 2023
- Case
Monsters in the Machine? Tackling the Challenge of Responsible AI
By: Paul M. Healy and Debora L. Spar
In November of 2022, the small tech company OpenAI released ChatGPT, an artificial intelligence chatbot which quickly captured the public’s imagination—becoming the world’s fastest-growing consumer application within months of its release. Though observers from across...
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- 2023
- Book
Beyond AI: ChatGPT, Web3, and the Business Landscape of Tomorrow
By: Ken Huang, Yang Wang, Feng Zhu, Xi Chen and Chunxiao Xing
This book explores the transformative potential of ChatGPT, Web3, and their impact on productivity and various industries. It delves into Generative AI (GenAI) and its representative platform ChatGPT, their synergy with Web3, and how they can revolutionize business...
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Huang, Ken, Yang Wang, Feng Zhu, Xi Chen, and Chunxiao Xing, eds. Beyond AI: ChatGPT, Web3, and the Business Landscape of Tomorrow. Springer, 2023.
- 2023
- Article
M4: A Unified XAI Benchmark for Faithfulness Evaluation of Feature Attribution Methods across Metrics, Modalities, and Models
By: Himabindu Lakkaraju, Xuhong Li, Mengnan Du, Jiamin Chen, Yekun Chai and Haoyi Xiong
While Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) techniques have been widely studied to explain predictions made by deep neural networks, the way to evaluate the faithfulness of explanation results remains challenging, due to the heterogeneity of explanations for...
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Keywords:
AI and Machine Learning
Lakkaraju, Himabindu, Xuhong Li, Mengnan Du, Jiamin Chen, Yekun Chai, and Haoyi Xiong. "M4: A Unified XAI Benchmark for Faithfulness Evaluation of Feature Attribution Methods across Metrics, Modalities, and Models." Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems (NeurIPS) (2023).
- 2023
- Article
Post Hoc Explanations of Language Models Can Improve Language Models
By: Satyapriya Krishna, Jiaqi Ma, Dylan Slack, Asma Ghandeharioun, Sameer Singh and Himabindu Lakkaraju
Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in performing complex tasks. Moreover, recent research has shown that incorporating human-annotated rationales (e.g., Chain-of-Thought prompting) during in-context learning can significantly enhance...
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Krishna, Satyapriya, Jiaqi Ma, Dylan Slack, Asma Ghandeharioun, Sameer Singh, and Himabindu Lakkaraju. "Post Hoc Explanations of Language Models Can Improve Language Models." Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems (NeurIPS) (2023).
- December 2023
- Article
Self-Orienting in Human and Machine Learning
By: Julian De Freitas, Ahmet Uğuralp, Zeliha Uğuralp, Laurie Paul, Joshua B. Tenenbaum and T. Ullman
A current proposal for a computational notion of self is a representation of one’s body in a specific time and place, which includes the recognition of that representation as the agent. This turns self-representation into a process of self-orientation, a challenging...
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De Freitas, Julian, Ahmet Uğuralp, Zeliha Uğuralp, Laurie Paul, Joshua B. Tenenbaum, and T. Ullman. "Self-Orienting in Human and Machine Learning." Nature Human Behaviour 7, no. 12 (December 2023): 2126–2139.
- 2023
- Working Paper
The Uneven Impact of Generative AI on Entrepreneurial Performance
By: Nicholas G. Otis, Rowan Clarke, Solène Delecourt, David Holtz and Rembrand Koning
There is a growing belief that scalable and low-cost AI assistance can improve firm
decision-making and economic performance. However, running a business involves
a myriad of open-ended problems, making it hard to generalize from recent studies
showing that...
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Keywords:
AI and Machine Learning;
Performance Improvement;
Small Business;
Decision Choices and Conditions;
Kenya
Otis, Nicholas G., Rowan Clarke, Solène Delecourt, David Holtz, and Rembrand Koning. "The Uneven Impact of Generative AI on Entrepreneurial Performance." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 24-042, December 2023.