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All HBS Web
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- Faculty Publications (398)
- 2023
- Working Paper
Beefing IT Up for Your Investor? Open Sourcing and Startup Funding: Evidence from GitHub
By: Annamaria Conti, Christian Peukert and Maria Roche
We study the participation of nascent firms in open source communities and its implications for attracting funding. To do so, we link data on 160,065 U.S. startups from Crunchbase to their activities on the open source development platform GitHub. In a matched sample...
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Keywords:
Startups;
Technology Strategy;
GitHub;
Machine Learning;
Business Startups;
Venture Capital;
Information Technology;
Strategy
Conti, Annamaria, Christian Peukert, and Maria Roche. "Beefing IT Up for Your Investor? Open Sourcing and Startup Funding: Evidence from GitHub." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 22-001, July 2021. (Revised August 2023.)
- July 2021 (Revised July 2022)
- Case
Brigham & Women's Hospital: Using Patient Reported Outcomes to Improve Breast Cancer Care
By: Robert S. Kaplan, Navraj S. Nagra and Syed S. Shehab
Dr. Andrea Pusic, breast cancer reconstruction surgeon, wants to extend outcomes measurement beyond traditional surgical metrics of infections, complications, and survival rates. The case describes her development of a new mobile phone app, which collects patients’...
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Keywords:
Health Care and Treatment;
Outcome or Result;
Cost Management;
Activity Based Costing and Management;
Mobile and Wireless Technology;
Health Testing and Trials;
Surveys;
Health Industry;
Boston
Kaplan, Robert S., Navraj S. Nagra, and Syed S. Shehab. "Brigham & Women's Hospital: Using Patient Reported Outcomes to Improve Breast Cancer Care." Harvard Business School Case 122-010, July 2021. (Revised July 2022.)
- July 2021
- Article
Consumers—Especially Women—Avoid Buying from Firms with Higher Gender Pay Gaps
By: Tobias Schlager, Bhavya Mohan, Katherine DeCelles and Michael I. Norton
We document a unique driver of consumer behavior: the public disclosure of a firm’s gender pay gap. Four experiments provide causal evidence that when firms are revealed to have gender pay gaps, consumers are less willing to pay for their goods, a reaction driven by...
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Keywords:
Pay Gap;
Perceived Wage Fairness;
Purchase Intention;
Gender;
Wages;
Fairness;
Perception;
Consumer Behavior
Schlager, Tobias, Bhavya Mohan, Katherine DeCelles, and Michael I. Norton. "Consumers—Especially Women—Avoid Buying from Firms with Higher Gender Pay Gaps." Special Issue on Consumer Psychology for the Greater Good. Journal of Consumer Psychology 31, no. 3 (July 2021): 518–531.
- July–August 2021
- Article
Lowering the Bar? External Conditions, Opportunity Costs, and High-Tech Startup Outcomes
By: Annamaria Conti and Maria P. Roche
We assess the heterogeneous impact of economic downturns on individuals’ decisions to bring high-technology ideas to the market in the form of new ventures. We thereby examine how worsening labor market conditions influence individuals’ opportunity costs of starting...
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Keywords:
Necessity Entrepreneurship;
Economic Conditions;
Recessions;
High-tech Startups;
Opportunity Costs;
Entrepreneurship;
Economic Slowdown and Stagnation;
Business Startups;
Information Technology;
Performance;
Labor
Conti, Annamaria, and Maria P. Roche. "Lowering the Bar? External Conditions, Opportunity Costs, and High-Tech Startup Outcomes." Organization Science 32, no. 4 (July–August 2021): 965–986.
- Article
The Economic Consequences of Bankruptcy Reform
By: Tal Gross, Raymond Kluender, Feng Liu, Matthew J. Notowidigdo and Jialan Wang
A more generous consumer bankruptcy system provides greater insurance against financial risks but may also raise the cost of credit. We study this trade-off using the 2005 Bankruptcy Abuse Prevention and Consumer Protection Act (BAPCPA), which increased the costs of...
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Keywords:
Bankruptcy;
Bankruptcy Abuse Prevention And Consumer Protection Act;
Borrowing and Debt;
Credit
Gross, Tal, Raymond Kluender, Feng Liu, Matthew J. Notowidigdo, and Jialan Wang. "The Economic Consequences of Bankruptcy Reform." American Economic Review 111, no. 7 (July 2021): 2309–2341.
- June 2021
- Case
Modern Endowment Management: Paula Volent and the Bowdoin Endowment
By: Luis M. Viceira, Emily R. McComb and Dean Xu
This case examines modern endowment investment management through the lens of a leadership transition between Chief Investment Officers (CIOs). In March 2021, Paula Volent is about to step down as the CIO of the endowment of Bowdoin College after twenty-one years, and...
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Keywords:
Investment Portfolio;
Investment Banking;
Growth Management;
Investment Return;
Capital Markets;
Interest Rates;
Competition;
Cost Management;
Risk Management;
Financial Liquidity;
Performance Evaluation
Viceira, Luis M., Emily R. McComb, and Dean Xu. "Modern Endowment Management: Paula Volent and the Bowdoin Endowment." Harvard Business School Case 221-101, June 2021.
- 2021
- Working Paper
Who Closed the Schools?
By: Joshua D. Coval
This paper examines the differences in characteristics between U.S. public schools that opted for virtual instruction because of COVID-19, and schools that did not. Much of the variation can be explained by measures of the degree to which districts favored teachers...
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Keywords:
Public Education;
COVID-19;
Virtual Learning;
Education;
Health Pandemics;
Teaching;
Internet and the Web;
Policy;
Outcome or Result;
United States
Coval, Joshua D. "Who Closed the Schools?" Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 21-127, June 2021.
- Article
Biosimilars and Follow-On Products in the United States: Adoption, Prices, and Users
By: Ariel Dora Stern, Jacqueline L. Chen, Melissa Ouellet, Mark R. Trusheim, Zeid El-Kilani, Amber Jessup and Ernst R. Berndt
Biologic drugs account for a disproportionate share of the increase in pharmaceutical spending in the U.S. and worldwide. Against this backdrop, many look to the expanding market for biosimilars—follow-on products to biologic drugs—as a vehicle for controlling...
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Keywords:
Pharmaceuticals;
Drug Spending;
Drug Pricing;
Health Care and Treatment;
Spending;
Price;
Markets;
Cost Management;
United States
Stern, Ariel Dora, Jacqueline L. Chen, Melissa Ouellet, Mark R. Trusheim, Zeid El-Kilani, Amber Jessup, and Ernst R. Berndt. "Biosimilars and Follow-On Products in the United States: Adoption, Prices, and Users." Health Affairs 40, no. 6 (June 2021): 989–999.
- 2021
- Working Paper
Do Public Financial Statements Influence Venture Capital and Private Equity Financing?
By: Brian K. Baik, Natalie Berfeld and Rodrigo S. Verdi
We study whether private firm public financial statements influence the probability of raising venture capital (VC) and private equity (PE) financing. In particular, we propose that private firms’ public financial statements can help the VC/PE search process by...
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Keywords:
Business Economics;
Search Costs;
Accounting;
Venture Capital;
Governance;
Private Equity;
Financial Statements
Baik, Brian K., Natalie Berfeld, and Rodrigo S. Verdi. "Do Public Financial Statements Influence Venture Capital and Private Equity Financing?" SSRN Working Paper Series, No. 3867958, June 2021.
- 2021
- Working Paper
Financial Flexibility and Corporate Employment
By: Rebecca Lester, Ethan Rouen and Braden Williams
We study the role of financial flexibility on COVID-19 employment actions. Using daily data from March through May 2020 for 354 of the largest U.S. employers, we find that firms facing a negative demand shock were 28.8 percentage points more likely to reduce their...
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Keywords:
Financial Flexibility;
COVID-19;
Pandemic;
Employment;
Health Pandemics;
System Shocks;
Finance
Lester, Rebecca, Ethan Rouen, and Braden Williams. "Financial Flexibility and Corporate Employment." Harvard Business School Series in Accounting and Control, No. 21-119, April 2021.
- 2021
- Working Paper
Diagnosing Quality: Learning, Amenities, and the Demand for Health Care
By: Achyuta Adhvaryu, Emilio Gutierrez, Anant Nyshadham and Jorge Tamayo
We study the role of amenities in increasing demand for underutilized healthcare services. We evaluate the offer of a high-amenity diagnostic consultation for cataracts with a randomized price and find that a lower price for the high-amenity consultation increases...
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Keywords:
Health Care Demand;
Amenities;
Health Care Quality;
Cataracts;
Surgery;
Health Care and Treatment;
Demand and Consumers;
Quality;
Learning;
Mexico
Adhvaryu, Achyuta, Emilio Gutierrez, Anant Nyshadham, and Jorge Tamayo. "Diagnosing Quality: Learning, Amenities, and the Demand for Health Care." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 21-110, March 2021.
- April 2021
- Article
Evaluating Firm-Level Expected-Return Proxies: Implications for Estimating Treatment Effects
By: Charles M.C. Lee, Eric C. So and Charles C.Y. Wang
We introduce a parsimonious framework for choosing among alternative expected-return proxies (ERPs) when estimating treatment effects. By comparing ERPs’ measurement-error variances in the cross section and in time series, we provide new evidence on the relative...
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Keywords:
Implied Cost Of Capital;
Expected Returns;
Cost of Capital;
Investment Return;
Performance Evaluation
Lee, Charles M.C., Eric C. So, and Charles C.Y. Wang. "Evaluating Firm-Level Expected-Return Proxies: Implications for Estimating Treatment Effects." Review of Financial Studies 34, no. 4 (April 2021): 1907–1951.
- April 2021
- Case
Zeynep Ton: The Good Jobs Strategy
By: Francesca Gino and Frances X. Frei
The link to this multimedia case should be provided to students in advance as preparation for classroom case discussion.
In Zeynop Ton’s 2014 book The Good Jobs Strategy: How the Smartest Companies Invest in Employees to Lower Costs and Boost... View Details
In Zeynop Ton’s 2014 book The Good Jobs Strategy: How the Smartest Companies Invest in Employees to Lower Costs and Boost... View Details
Keywords:
Organizations;
Selection and Staffing;
Compensation and Benefits;
Operations;
Performance Effectiveness
Gino, Francesca, and Frances X. Frei. "Zeynep Ton: The Good Jobs Strategy." Harvard Business School Multimedia/Video Case 921-703, April 2021.
- Article
A Feasibility Study Using Time-driven Activity-based Costing as a Management Tool for Provider Cost Estimation: Lessons from the National TB Control Program in Zimbabwe in 2018
By: J. Chirenda, B. Nhlema Simwaka, C. Sandy, K. Bodnar, S. Corbin, P. Desai, T. Mapako, S. Shamu, C. Timire, E. Antonio, A. Makone, A. Birikorang, T. Mapuranga, M. Ngwenya, T. Masunda, M. Dube, E. Wandwalo, L. Morrison and R. S. Kaplan
Background: This study used process maps and time-driven activity-based costing to document TB service delivery processes. The analysis identified the resources required to sustain TB services in Zimbabwe, as well as several opportunities for more effective and...
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Keywords:
Time-Driven Activity-Based Costing;
Provider Cost;
Health Care and Treatment;
Cost Management;
Activity Based Costing and Management;
Zimbabwe
Chirenda, J., B. Nhlema Simwaka, C. Sandy, K. Bodnar, S. Corbin, P. Desai, T. Mapako, S. Shamu, C. Timire, E. Antonio, A. Makone, A. Birikorang, T. Mapuranga, M. Ngwenya, T. Masunda, M. Dube, E. Wandwalo, L. Morrison, and R. S. Kaplan. "A Feasibility Study Using Time-driven Activity-based Costing as a Management Tool for Provider Cost Estimation: Lessons from the National TB Control Program in Zimbabwe in 2018." BMC Health Services Research 21, no. 242 (2021).
- March 1, 2021
- Article
Transitioning to Clean Energy Transportation Services: Life-cycle Cost Analysis for Vehicle Fleets
By: Stephen Comello, Gunther Glenk and Stefan Reichelstein
Comprehensive global decarbonization requires that transportation services cease to rely on fossil fuels for power generation. This paper develops a generic, time-driven life-cycle cost model for mobility services to address two closely related questions central to the...
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Keywords:
Decarbonization;
Electric Vehicles;
Renewable Energy;
Biofuel;
Carbon Emissions;
Mobility;
Batteries;
Energy;
Environmental Management;
Environmental Accounting;
Transportation;
Operations;
Management;
Sustainable Cities;
Decision Making;
Investment;
Energy Industry;
Transportation Industry;
Utilities Industry;
Motorcycle Industry;
Auto Industry;
Consulting Industry;
Industrial Products Industry;
Manufacturing Industry;
Europe;
North America;
South America;
Africa;
Asia
Comello, Stephen, Gunther Glenk, and Stefan Reichelstein. "Transitioning to Clean Energy Transportation Services: Life-cycle Cost Analysis for Vehicle Fleets." Art. 116408. Applied Energy 285 (March 1, 2021).
- February 2021
- Case
The Tulsa Massacre and the Call for Reparations
By: Mihir Desai, Ruth Page, Suzanne Antoniou and Leanne Fan
How should historic social injustices be addressed? Survivors of the 1921 Tulsa Massacre and their descendants, including Representative Regina Goodwin of Tulsa, believe they should be addressed through reparations and have consequently continued to push the government...
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Keywords:
Costs And Consequences;
Decisions;
Judgment And Decision-making;
Lawsuit;
Leading Change;
Conflict Resolution;
Perspective Taking;
Prejudice;
Bias;
Reparations;
Decision Making;
Decision Choices and Conditions;
Cost vs Benefits;
Judgments;
Race;
Ethics;
Fairness;
Moral Sensibility;
Values and Beliefs;
Conflict Management;
Governance;
Corporate Accountability;
Corporate Governance;
Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms;
Policy;
Government and Politics;
Government Legislation;
History;
Lawsuits and Litigation;
Legal Liability;
Mission and Purpose;
Corporate Social Responsibility and Impact;
Motivation and Incentives;
Civil Society or Community;
Social Issues;
Oklahoma;
Tulsa;
United States
Desai, Mihir, Ruth Page, Suzanne Antoniou, and Leanne Fan. "The Tulsa Massacre and the Call for Reparations." Harvard Business School Multimedia/Video Case 221-707, February 2021.
- February 2021
- Case
Digital Manufacturing at Amgen
By: Shane Greenstein, Kyle R. Myers and Sarah Mehta
This case discusses efforts made by biotechnology (biotech) company Amgen to introduce digital technologies into its manufacturing processes. Doing so is complicated by the fact that the process for manufacturing biologics—or therapeutics made from living cells—is...
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Keywords:
Digital Technologies;
Change;
Change Management;
Decision Making;
Cost vs Benefits;
Decisions;
Information;
Analytics and Data Science;
Innovation and Invention;
Innovation and Management;
Innovation Leadership;
Innovation Strategy;
Technological Innovation;
Jobs and Positions;
Knowledge;
Leadership;
Organizational Culture;
Science;
Strategy;
Information Technology;
Technology Adoption;
Biotechnology Industry;
Pharmaceutical Industry;
United States;
California;
Puerto Rico;
Rhode Island
Greenstein, Shane, Kyle R. Myers, and Sarah Mehta. "Digital Manufacturing at Amgen." Harvard Business School Case 621-008, February 2021.
- Article
Towards Robust and Reliable Algorithmic Recourse
By: Sohini Upadhyay, Shalmali Joshi and Himabindu Lakkaraju
As predictive models are increasingly being deployed in high-stakes decision making (e.g., loan
approvals), there has been growing interest in post-hoc techniques which provide recourse to affected
individuals. These techniques generate recourses under the assumption...
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Keywords:
Machine Learning Models;
Algorithmic Recourse;
Decision Making;
Forecasting and Prediction
Upadhyay, Sohini, Shalmali Joshi, and Himabindu Lakkaraju. "Towards Robust and Reliable Algorithmic Recourse." Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems (NeurIPS) 34 (2021).
- Article
Beyond Individualized Recourse: Interpretable and Interactive Summaries of Actionable Recourses
By: Kaivalya Rawal and Himabindu Lakkaraju
As predictive models are increasingly being deployed in high-stakes decision-making, there has been a lot of interest in developing algorithms which can provide recourses to affected individuals. While developing such tools is important, it is even more critical to...
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Rawal, Kaivalya, and Himabindu Lakkaraju. "Beyond Individualized Recourse: Interpretable and Interactive Summaries of Actionable Recourses." Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems (NeurIPS) 33 (2020).
- November–December 2020
- Article
Lifting the Veil: The Benefits of Cost Transparency
By: Bhavya Mohan, Ryan W. Buell and Leslie K. John
Firms do not typically disclose information on their costs to produce a good to consumers. However, we provide evidence of when and why doing so can increase consumers’ purchase interest. Specifically, building on the psychology of disclosure and trust, we posit that...
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Mohan, Bhavya, Ryan W. Buell, and Leslie K. John. "Lifting the Veil: The Benefits of Cost Transparency." Special Issue on Marketing Science and Field Experiments. Marketing Science 39, no. 6 (November–December 2020): 1105–1121.