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All HBS Web
(174)
- News (35)
- Research (81)
- Events (2)
- Multimedia (2)
- Faculty Publications (31)
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- September 2022
- Article
Regulatory Spillover and Workplace Racial Inequality
By: Letian Zhang
This paper suggests that affirmative action bans in the U.S. public sector may influence racial inequality in the private sector. Since the 1990s, nine states have banned affirmative action practice in public universities and state governments. Though these bans have...
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Keywords:
Inequality;
Regulation;
Law;
Organizational Norm;
CEO;
Affirmative Action;
Organizations;
Private Sector;
Equality and Inequality;
Diversity;
Race;
Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms
Zhang, Letian. "Regulatory Spillover and Workplace Racial Inequality." Administrative Science Quarterly 67, no. 3 (September 2022): 595–629.
- 2021
- Working Paper
Racial Inequality in Organizations: A Systems Psychodynamic Perspective
By: Sanaz Mobasseri, William Kahn and Robin Ely
This paper uses systems psychodynamic concepts to develop a theory about the persistence of racial inequality in U.S. companies, treating White men as the dominant group and Black people as an illustrative subordinate group. We theorize that this persistence is rooted...
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Keywords:
Systems Psychodynamics;
Organizational Inequality;
Masculinity;
Equality and Inequality;
Race;
Gender;
Identity;
Power and Influence
Mobasseri, Sanaz, William Kahn, and Robin Ely. "Racial Inequality in Organizations: A Systems Psychodynamic Perspective." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 22-052, December 2021. (Revised September 2022.)
- April 2023
- Article
Racial Inequality in Work Environments
By: Letian Zhang
This article explores racial stratification in work environments. Inequality scholars have long identified racial disparities in wage and occupational attainment, but workers’ careers and well-being are also shaped by elements of their work environment, including firm...
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Keywords:
Discrimination;
Race;
Equality and Inequality;
Working Conditions;
Personal Development and Career;
Organizational Culture
Zhang, Letian. "Racial Inequality in Work Environments." American Sociological Review 88, no. 2 (April 2023): 252–283.
- September 2021
- Article
Shaking Things Up: Disruptive Events and Inequality
By: Letian Zhang
This paper develops a theory of how disruptive events could reduce racial and gender inequality in organizations. Despite pressure from regulators and advocates, racial and gender inequality in the workplace remains high. I theorize that because such inequality is...
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Keywords:
Inequality;
Equality and Inequality;
Diversity;
Race;
Gender;
Restructuring;
Mergers and Acquisitions;
Disruption
Zhang, Letian. "Shaking Things Up: Disruptive Events and Inequality." American Journal of Sociology 127, no. 2 (September 2021): 376–440.
- Article
Racial Inequality in Organizations: A Systems Psychodynamic Perspective
By: Sanaz Mobasseri, William A. Kahn and Robin J. Ely
This paper uses systems psychodynamic concepts to develop theory about the persistence of racial inequality in U.S. organizations and to inform an approach for disrupting it. We treat White men as the dominant group and Black people as the archetypal subordinate group...
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Keywords:
Equality and Inequality;
Race;
Prejudice and Bias;
Organizational Culture;
Gender;
Power and Influence;
Employees;
Attitudes
Mobasseri, Sanaz, William A. Kahn, and Robin J. Ely. "Racial Inequality in Organizations: A Systems Psychodynamic Perspective." Academy of Management Review (in press). (Pre-published online January 4, 2024.)
- January 4, 2020
- Article
The 10 Commitments Companies Must Make to Advance Racial Justice
By: Mark R. Kramer
In the wake of George Floyd’s tragic death in Minneapolis, major corporations have been voicing their support for racial justice in the United States. But we are way past the point when words alone suffice. Actions are needed. Corporations can and should make 10...
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Keywords:
Racial Justice;
Racial Equity;
Race;
Equality and Inequality;
Corporate Social Responsibility and Impact
Kramer, Mark R. "The 10 Commitments Companies Must Make to Advance Racial Justice." Harvard Business Review (website) (January 4, 2020).
- 02 Jun 2021
- Research & Ideas
A Rare Find in Health Care: A Simple Solution to Racial Inequity
George Floyd’s murder last year forced many people to recognize the systemic racism that pervades American institutions, from law enforcement to health care. Even so, identifying those inequities is different than fixing them. “I don’t...
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- September–October 2021
- Article
Frontiers: Can an AI Algorithm Mitigate Racial Economic Inequality? An Analysis in the Context of Airbnb
By: Shunyuan Zhang, Nitin Mehta, Param Singh and Kannan Srinivasan
We study the effect of Airbnb’s smart-pricing algorithm on the racial disparity in the daily revenue earned by Airbnb hosts. Our empirical strategy exploits Airbnb’s introduction of the algorithm and its voluntary adoption by hosts as a quasi-natural experiment. Among...
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Keywords:
Smart Pricing;
Pricing Algorithm;
Machine Bias;
Discrimination;
Racial Disparity;
Social Inequality;
Airbnb Revenue;
Revenue;
Race;
Equality and Inequality;
Prejudice and Bias;
Price;
Mathematical Methods;
Accommodations Industry
Zhang, Shunyuan, Nitin Mehta, Param Singh, and Kannan Srinivasan. "Frontiers: Can an AI Algorithm Mitigate Racial Economic Inequality? An Analysis in the Context of Airbnb." Marketing Science 40, no. 5 (September–October 2021): 813–820.
- 2022
- Working Paper
Distributional Consequences of Monetary Policy Across Races: Evidence from the U.S. Credit Register
By: Laura Alfaro, Ester Faia and Camelia Minoiu
We examine the consequences of monetary policy on racial disparities, focusing on the role of bank lending to firms through collateral and selection channels. Leveraging comprehensive loan-level data from the U.S. credit register (Y-14Q) of the Federal Reserve, we show...
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Keywords:
Monetary Policy Transmission;
Inequity;
Credit Registry;
Wealth;
Collateral Channel;
Selection;
Racial Disparity;
Racial Inequality;
Equality and Inequality;
Banks and Banking;
Credit;
Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms;
Banking Industry;
United States
Alfaro, Laura, Ester Faia, and Camelia Minoiu. "Distributional Consequences of Monetary Policy Across Races: Evidence from the U.S. Credit Register." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 22-068, April 2022.
- 25 May 2021
- Research & Ideas
White Airbnb Hosts Earn More. Can AI Shrink the Racial Gap?
fluctuations. Zhang and her coauthors were curious whether the algorithm might help reduce racial inequalities by optimizing nightly rates for both white and Black hosts, so everyone could benefit...
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- September 2020
- Case
West Side United: Hospitals Tackle the Racial Health and Wealth Gap
By: Rosabeth Moss Kanter and Paul Stramaglia
During the COVID-19 pandemic, Dr. David Ansell, Darlene Hightower, and Ayesho Jaco, leaders of West Side United (WSU), a coalition of Chicago hospitals, community residents, banks, and small businesses conceived in 2016, reviewed progress toward WSU’s goal of ending...
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Keywords:
COVID;
COVID-19;
Hospital;
Coalition;
Health Pandemics;
Race;
Health;
Wealth and Poverty;
Equality and Inequality;
Change;
Leadership;
Chicago
Kanter, Rosabeth Moss, and Paul Stramaglia. "West Side United: Hospitals Tackle the Racial Health and Wealth Gap." Harvard Business School Case 321-026, August 2020.
- 03 Jan 2023
- Book
Confront Workplace Inequity in 2023: Dig Deep, Build Bridges, Take Collective Action
that really differentiate the most effective leaders,” says Opie. Exposing inequities in the workplace Opie uses many of the strategies in the book as a consultant to corporations struggling with racial and...
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Keywords:
by Pamela Reynolds
- 21 Feb 2023
- Research & Ideas
What's Missing from the Racial Equity Dialogue?
the lives of White people worse. Often, research on racial discrimination and inequality is framed in a way that considers how it impacts those harmed most. But, in my own research, I often ask how racism...
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Keywords:
by Danielle Kost
- 2020
- Working Paper
Hospital Allocation and Racial Disparities in Health Care
By: Amitabh Chandra, Pragya Kakani and Adam Sacarny
We develop a simple framework to measure the role of hospital allocation in racial disparities in health care and use it to study Black and white Medicare patients who are treated for heart attacks—a condition where virtually everyone receives care, hospital care is...
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Chandra, Amitabh, Pragya Kakani, and Adam Sacarny. "Hospital Allocation and Racial Disparities in Health Care." NBER Working Paper Series, No. 28018, November 2020.
- Article
Health Equity, Schooling Hesitancy, and the Social Determinants of Learning
By: Meira Levinson, Alan C. Geller, Joseph G. Allen and John D. Macomber
At least 62 million K-12 students in North America—disproportionately low-income children of color— have been physically out of school for over a year due to the COVID-19 pandemic. These children are at risk of significant academic, social, mental, and physical harm...
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Keywords:
COVID-19;
Public Health;
Air Quality;
Social Determinants Of Health;
Schooling Hesitancy;
Vaccine Hesitancy;
Racial Injustice;
Inequity;
Inequality;
Health Pandemics;
Education;
Health Care and Treatment;
Policy;
Race;
Equality and Inequality
Levinson, Meira, Alan C. Geller, Joseph G. Allen, and John D. Macomber. "Health Equity, Schooling Hesitancy, and the Social Determinants of Learning." Art. 100032. Lancet Regional Health – Americas 2 (October 2021).
- Article
A Fair Game? Racial Bias and Repeated Interaction between NBA Coaches and Players
By: Letian Zhang
There is strong evidence of racial bias in organizations but little understanding of how it changes with repeated interaction. This study proposes that repeated interaction has the potential to reduce racial bias, but its moderating effects are limited to the treatment...
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Keywords:
Discrimination;
Bias;
Interaction;
NBA;
Prejudice and Bias;
Race;
Equality and Inequality;
Interpersonal Communication;
Sports
Zhang, Letian. "A Fair Game? Racial Bias and Repeated Interaction between NBA Coaches and Players." Administrative Science Quarterly 62, no. 4 (December 2017): 603–625.
- 17 Oct 2018
- Research & Ideas
Pro Basketball Coaches Display Racial Bias When Selecting Lineups
the cubicle. “When you are really high-performing, it makes you sometimes forget about the more objective metrics and you could tend to become more racially biased and exercise more personal preferences,” Zhang says. “Being aware of that...
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- 30 May 2024
- Research & Ideas
Racial Bias Might Be Infecting Patient Portals. Can AI Help?
messages. That’s part of the reason the authors say there may be other factors besides direct racial bias driving the results—and a key reason that they are keen to explore this data in future research. One potential factor they...
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- 11 Oct 2022
- Research & Ideas
Shrinking the Racial Wealth Gap, One Mortgage at a Time
Hiring more minority loan officers could help people of color secure significantly more home loans and address one of the biggest factors driving the racial wealth gap, new research finds. In the white-dominated US banking industry,...
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- September 2020
- Teaching Note
West Side United: Hospitals Tackle the Racial Health and Wealth Gap
By: Rosabeth Moss Kanter and Joyce J. Kim
Teaching Note for HBS Case No. 321-026.
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Keywords:
COVID-19;
COVID;
Hospital;
Coalition;
Health Pandemics;
Race;
Health;
Wealth and Poverty;
Equality and Inequality;
Change;
Leadership;
Chicago