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All HBS Web
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- Faculty Publications (642)
- January 2023 (Revised January 2023)
- Supplement
Zaoui & Co. (B): Executing the Odyssey SPAC Transaction
By: Ashish Nanda, Alex Kitsberg and Zack Kurtovich
In September 2019, founding partners Michael and Yoel Zaoui decided to add principal investing to Zaoui & Co.’s offerings. The case outlines how, over the next two years, Zaoui & Co. pursued the formation of a SPAC, Odyssey Acquisitions, followed by the identification...
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Keywords:
Finance;
Investment Banking;
SPACs;
M&A;
Strategy;
Entrepreneurship;
Europe;
United Kingdom
- January 2023
- Article
Calculators for Women: When Identity-Based Appeals Backfire
By: Tami Kim, Kate Barasz, Michael I. Norton and Leslie K. John
From “Chick Beer” to “Dryer Sheets for Men,” identity-based labeling is frequently deployed by marketers to appeal to specific target markets. Yet such identity appeals can backfire, alienating the very consumers they aim to attract. We theorize and empirically...
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Keywords:
Categorization Threat;
Stereotypes;
Identity;
Labels;
Gender;
Perception;
Consumer Behavior
Kim, Tami, Kate Barasz, Michael I. Norton, and Leslie K. John. "Calculators for Women: When Identity-Based Appeals Backfire." Special Issue on Racism and Discrimination in the Marketplace edited by Samantha N. N. Cross and Stephanie Dellande. Journal of the Association for Consumer Research 8, no. 1 (January 2023): 72–82.
- 2023
- Article
Experimental Evaluation of Individualized Treatment Rules
By: Kosuke Imai and Michael Lingzhi Li
The increasing availability of individual-level data has led to numerous applications of individualized (or personalized) treatment rules (ITRs). Policy makers often wish to empirically evaluate ITRs and compare their relative performance before implementing them in a...
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Keywords:
Causal Inference;
Heterogeneous Treatment Effects;
Precision Medicine;
Uplift Modeling;
Analytics and Data Science;
AI and Machine Learning
Imai, Kosuke, and Michael Lingzhi Li. "Experimental Evaluation of Individualized Treatment Rules." Journal of the American Statistical Association 118, no. 541 (2023): 242–256.
- Working Paper
Diversification as an Adaptive Learning Process: An Empirical Study of General-Purpose and Market-Specific Technological Know-How in New Market Entry
By: Dominika Kinga Randle and Gary P. Pisano
An enduring trait of modern corporations is their propensity to diversify into multiple lines of business. Penrosian theories conceptualize diversification as a strategy to exploit a firm’s fungible, yet “untradeable,” resources and point to redeployment of...
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Keywords:
Growth and Development Strategy;
Technology Adoption;
Diversification;
Market Entry and Exit;
Transformation
Randle, Dominika Kinga, and Gary P. Pisano. "Diversification as an Adaptive Learning Process: An Empirical Study of General-Purpose and Market-Specific Technological Know-How in New Market Entry." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 23-032, December 2022.
- December 2022 (Revised June 2023)
- Case
Hacking the U.S. Election: Russia's Misinformation Campaign
By: Shikhar Ghosh
The case discusses the relatively low technology approach used by Russia to influence the U.S. Presidential Election in 2016. Although political parties manipulating the media was not a new phenomenon, the Russians ran a broad, well-financed, and sophisticated social...
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Keywords:
Political Elections;
International Relations;
Social Media;
Power and Influence;
Information;
Russia;
United States
Ghosh, Shikhar. "Hacking the U.S. Election: Russia's Misinformation Campaign." Harvard Business School Case 823-043, December 2022. (Revised June 2023.)
- 2023
- Working Paper
Advances in Power-to-Gas Technologies: Cost and Conversion Efficiency
By: Gunther Glenk, Philip Holler and Stefan Reichelstein
Widespread adoption of hydrogen as an energy carrier is widely believed to require continued advances in Power-to-Gas (PtG) technologies. Here we provide a comprehensive assessment of the dynamics of system prices and conversion efficiency for three currently prevalent...
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Keywords:
Clean Tech;
Decarbonization;
Carbon Emissions;
Learning By Doing;
Environment;
Energy;
Environmental Management;
Sustainable Cities;
Price;
Energy Industry;
Utilities Industry;
Industrial Products Industry;
Manufacturing Industry;
Transportation Industry;
Europe;
North America;
South America;
Africa;
Asia
Glenk, Gunther, Philip Holler, and Stefan Reichelstein. "Advances in Power-to-Gas Technologies: Cost and Conversion Efficiency." TRR 266 Accounting for Transparency Working Paper Series, No. 109, December 2022.
- 2022
- Working Paper
Regulatory Incentives for Innovation: The FDA's Breakthrough Therapy Designation
By: Amitabh Chandra, Jennifer Kao, Kathleen Miller and Ariel D. Stern
Regulators of new products confront a tradeoff between speeding a new product to market and collecting additional product quality information. The FDA’s Breakthrough Therapy Designation (BTD) provides an opportunity to understand if a regulator can use new policy to...
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Chandra, Amitabh, Jennifer Kao, Kathleen Miller, and Ariel D. Stern. "Regulatory Incentives for Innovation: The FDA's Breakthrough Therapy Designation." NBER Working Paper Series, No. 30712, December 2022.
- November 2022 (Revised March 2024)
- Case
Replika AI: Monetizing a Chatbot
By: Julian De Freitas and Nicole Tempest Keller
In early 2018, Eugenia Kuyda, co-founder and CEO of San Francisco-based chatbot Replika AI, was deciding how to monetize the app she had built. Launched in 2017, Replika was a consumer AI “companion app” developed by a team of AI software engineers originally based in...
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Keywords:
Mental Health;
Subscriber Models;
TAM;
Monetization Strategy;
Marketing Strategy;
Product Marketing;
AI and Machine Learning;
Applications and Software;
Product Positioning;
Health Disorders;
Technology Industry
De Freitas, Julian, and Nicole Tempest Keller. "Replika AI: Monetizing a Chatbot." Harvard Business School Case 523-016, November 2022. (Revised March 2024.)
- November 2022
- Technical Note
National Security and Transnational Capitalism
By: Meg Rithmire
Though the relationship between national security and transnational commerce had long been interrogated and contested, the 2020s saw the escalation of concerns about insecurity and interdependence. These concerns manifested in a suite of institutional innovations and...
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Rithmire, Meg. "National Security and Transnational Capitalism." Harvard Business School Technical Note 723-016, November 2022.
- November 2022 (Revised February 2024)
- Exercise
Managing Customer Retention at Teleko
By: Eva Ascarza
This exercise aims to teach students about 1) Targeting Policies; and 2) Algorithmic decision making, and 3) Retention management.
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Ascarza, Eva. "Managing Customer Retention at Teleko." Harvard Business School Exercise 523-005, November 2022. (Revised February 2024.)
- November 2022
- Article
Hate Crime Towards Minoritized Groups Increases as They Increase in Sized-Based Rank
By: Mina Cikara, Vasiliki Fouka and Marco Tabellini
People are on the move in unprecedented numbers within and between countries. How does demographic change affect local intergroup dynamics? In complement to accounts that emphasize stereotypical features of groups as determinants of their treatment, we propose the...
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Keywords:
Prejudice;
Minority;
Hate Crimes;
Reference Dependence;
Prejudice and Bias;
Attitudes;
Demographics
Cikara, Mina, Vasiliki Fouka, and Marco Tabellini. "Hate Crime Towards Minoritized Groups Increases as They Increase in Sized-Based Rank." Nature Human Behaviour 6, no. 11 (November 2022): 1537–1544. (Pre-Published online August 8, 2022, Featured in HBS Working Knowledge and ABC News.)
- 2022
- Working Paper
The Issuance and Design of Sustainability-linked Loans
By: Maria Loumioti and George Serafeim
Sustainability-linked loans (i.e., syndicated loans for which pricing is linked to a sustainability performance indicator) have rapidly evolved into a significant private debt product. We find that sustainability-linked lending has been available mostly to borrowers...
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Keywords:
Sustainability;
Sustainability Management;
Credit Products;
Loan Contracts;
Loans;
Corporate Finance;
Credit Risk;
Environment;
ESG;
ESG Ratings;
Climate Change;
Finance;
Borrowing and Debt;
Risk and Uncertainty;
Credit
Loumioti, Maria, and George Serafeim. "The Issuance and Design of Sustainability-linked Loans." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 23-027, November 2022.
- October 2022
- Case
Lyra Health: Transforming Mental Health
By: Rembrand Koning and Nicole Keller
In January 2022, Lyra Health was deciding between several different alternatives to grow the business. Founded in 2015, Lyra Health, was a digital mental health platform that combined technology with human therapists and coaches to deliver high quality mental health...
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- October 2022
- Case
Sustainable Finance at Itau BBA
By: George Serafeim, Maria Loumioti and Benjamin Maletta
As of August 2022, the Itau BBA had structured dozens of sustainability linked bonds, which made future interest payments a function of the borrower meeting a target for a sustainability metric, and had solidified its reputation as a pioneer of sustainable finance in...
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Keywords:
Sustainable Finance;
Corporate Social Responsibility;
Environmental Sustainability;
Growth Strategy;
Debt Contracting;
Performance Metrics;
Risk Assessment;
ESG (Environmental, Social, Governance) Performance;
Financial Instruments;
Risk Management;
Debt Securities;
Measurement and Metrics;
Banking Industry;
Pulp and Paper Industry;
Latin America
Serafeim, George, Maria Loumioti, and Benjamin Maletta. "Sustainable Finance at Itau BBA." Harvard Business School Case 123-036, October 2022.
- September 2022
- Background Note
On CUE: The Quest for Optimal Customer Unit Economics
By: Elie Ofek, Barak Libai and Eitan Muller
Startups are often evaluated by how well they perform on unit economics, defined as the ratio of a customer’s lifetime value (LTV) to acquisition costs (CAC). A common target for unit economics, advocated by many VCs and analysts, is 3:1 (i.e., LTV/CAC=3). While there...
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Keywords:
Unit Economics;
Business Startups;
Performance Evaluation;
Customer Value and Value Chain;
Customer Relationship Management;
Analysis
Ofek, Elie, Barak Libai, and Eitan Muller. "On CUE: The Quest for Optimal Customer Unit Economics." Harvard Business School Background Note 523-050, September 2022.
- September 2022
- Case
AllSpice: GitHub for Hardware Engineers
By: Jeffrey J. Bussgang and Mel Martin
AllSpice, a software-as-a-service company that built a GitHub-like revision control tool for hardware engineers, was in the midst of preparing for rapid scale when the 2022 market downturn left them with big decisions to make. Cofounder and CEO Valentina Ratner had to...
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Keywords:
Scaling;
SaaS;
Strategy;
Marketing;
Growth and Development Strategy;
Resource Allocation;
Customer Focus and Relationships;
Technology Industry;
Electronics Industry;
United States
Bussgang, Jeffrey J., and Mel Martin. "AllSpice: GitHub for Hardware Engineers." Harvard Business School Case 823-022, September 2022.
- September 2022
- Article
Loneliness Versus Distress: A Comparison of Emotion Regulation Profiles
By: Alyssa J. Tan, Vincent Mancini, James J. Gross, Amit Goldenberg, Johanna C. Badcock, Michelle H. Lim, Rodrigo Becerra, Ben Jackson and David A. Preece
Loneliness, a negative emotion stemming from the perception of unmet social needs, is a major public health concern. Current interventions often target social domains but produce small effects and are not as effective as established emotion regulation (ER)-based...
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Keywords:
Emotions
Tan, Alyssa J., Vincent Mancini, James J. Gross, Amit Goldenberg, Johanna C. Badcock, Michelle H. Lim, Rodrigo Becerra, Ben Jackson, and David A. Preece. "Loneliness Versus Distress: A Comparison of Emotion Regulation Profiles." Behaviour Change 39, no. 3 (September 2022): 180–190.
- 2022
- Working Paper
Developing a Sustainable High Commitment, High Performance System of Organizing, Managing, and Leading: An Actionable Systems Theory of Change and Development
By: Michael Beer
This paper presents a theory for developing an adaptive high commitment, high performance system of organizing, managing, and leading. It is a synthesis of my 50 years of action and field research presented in my books and articles. It operationalized and makes...
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Keywords:
Organizational Learning;
Organizational Change and Adaptation;
Leadership;
Management Practices and Processes
Beer, Michael. "Developing a Sustainable High Commitment, High Performance System of Organizing, Managing, and Leading: An Actionable Systems Theory of Change and Development." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 23-016, September 2022.
- 2022
- Working Paper
What Would It Mean for a Machine to Have a Self?
By: Julian De Freitas, Ahmet Kaan Uğuralp, Zeliha Uğuralp, Laurie Paul, Joshua B. Tenenbaum and Tomer Ullman
What would it mean for autonomous AI agents to have a ‘self’? One proposal for a minimal
notion of self is a representation of one’s body spatio-temporally located in the world, with a tag
of that representation as the agent taking actions in the world. This turns...
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De Freitas, Julian, Ahmet Kaan Uğuralp, Zeliha Uğuralp, Laurie Paul, Joshua B. Tenenbaum, and Tomer Ullman. "What Would It Mean for a Machine to Have a Self?" Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 23-017, September 2022.
- 2022
- Chapter
Coordinating Marketing and Sales in B2B Organizations
This Handbook is targeted at academics and graduate students who want an overview of the academic state of the business-to-business marketing domain and at B2B practitioners who want to be aware of the current state of knowledge in their domains. This chapter examines...
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Cespedes, Frank V. "Coordinating Marketing and Sales in B2B Organizations." Chap. 7 in Handbook of Business-to-Business Marketing. 2nd ed. Edited by Gary L. Lilien, J. Andrew Petersen, and Stefan Wuyts, 117–137. Edward Elgar Publishing, 2022.