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-
All HBS Web
(2,078)
- People (3)
- News (191)
- Research (1,691)
- Events (5)
- Multimedia (2)
- Faculty Publications (1,352)
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- October 2016
- Supplement
24 Hour Fitness (B): Ownership Changes, 2005–2016
By: John R. Wells and Gabriel Ellsworth
In 2016, 24 Hour Fitness was the number-two fitness chain in the United States, generating revenues of $1.4 billion from 441 clubs serving 3.8 million members. Based in San Ramon, California, 24 Hour Fitness operated clubs in 13 states. Having grown rapidly to become...
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Keywords:
Advertising;
Advertising Campaigns;
Buildings and Facilities;
Acquisition;
Business Growth and Maturation;
Business Model;
Business Organization;
For-Profit Firms;
Customers;
Customer Focus and Relationships;
Customer Satisfaction;
Age;
Training;
Private Equity;
Financing and Loans;
Price;
Profit;
Revenue;
Geographic Location;
Geographic Scope;
Health;
Nutrition;
Business History;
Human Resources;
Employees;
Employee Relationship Management;
Recruitment;
Selection and Staffing;
Journals and Magazines;
Human Capital;
Business or Company Management;
Goals and Objectives;
Growth and Development Strategy;
Management Teams;
Marketing;
Brands and Branding;
Marketing Channels;
Marketing Communications;
Marketing Strategy;
Social Marketing;
Demand and Consumers;
Market Entry and Exit;
Media;
Organizational Design;
Private Ownership;
Problems and Challenges;
Groups and Teams;
Sales;
Salesforce Management;
Situation or Environment;
Welfare or Wellbeing;
Sports;
Strategy;
Business Strategy;
Competition;
Competitive Strategy;
Competitive Advantage;
Corporate Strategy;
Expansion;
Segmentation;
Information Technology;
Internet;
Mobile Technology;
Online Technology;
Software;
Web Sites;
Value;
Valuation;
Health Industry;
Media and Broadcasting Industry;
United States;
California;
San Francisco
Wells, John R., and Gabriel Ellsworth. "24 Hour Fitness (B): Ownership Changes, 2005–2016." Harvard Business School Supplement 717-423, October 2016.
- Research Summary
Ownership Qutotient: Putting the Service Profit Chain for Unbeatable Competitive Advantage
By: W. Earl Sasser
Professors Jim Heskett and Earl Sasser, in collaboration with Joe Wheeler have been examining cuatomer and employee ownership behaviors which have a profound impact on long term profit and growth. Their findings are published in Ownership Quotient:... View Details
- 1999
- Other Unpublished Work
Executive Ownership and Control in Newly Public Firms: The Role of Venture Capitalists
By: Malcolm Baker and Paul Gompers
We study the implications of CEO equity ownership for incentives and control in a sample of 1,011 newly public firms. Before an initial public offering, equity investments by venture capitalists reduce CEO ownership by about half, from an average of 35 percent to 19...
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Keywords:
Equity;
Ownership;
Motivation and Incentives;
Initial Public Offering;
Investment;
Venture Capital;
Managerial Roles;
Cost Management;
Governance Controls;
Executive Compensation
Baker, Malcolm, and Paul Gompers. "Executive Ownership and Control in Newly Public Firms: The Role of Venture Capitalists." November 1999. (First draft in 1998.)
- August 2012
- Article
Surviving the Global Financial Crisis: Foreign Ownership and Establishment Performance
By: Laura Alfaro and Maggie Chen
We examine the differential response of establishments to the recent global financial crisis with particular emphasis on the role of foreign ownership. Using a worldwide establishment panel dataset, we investigate how multinational subsidiaries around the world...
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Keywords:
Globalization;
Financial Crisis;
Multinational Firms and Management;
Analytics and Data Science;
Business Subsidiaries;
Production;
Finance;
Performance;
Ownership
Alfaro, Laura, and Maggie Chen. "Surviving the Global Financial Crisis: Foreign Ownership and Establishment Performance." American Economic Journal: Economic Policy 4, no. 3 (August 2012): 30–55. (Also NBER Working Paper No. 17141.)
- 2021
- Working Paper
Employee Ownership and Wealth Inequality: A Path to Reducing Wealth Concentration
By: Thomas Dudley and Ethan Rouen
This paper examines the impact of an economy-wide shift to broad-based employee ownership on wealth concentration in the United States. Relying on government data, we show that if all private firms became 30% employee-owned, the wealth distribution would be profoundly...
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Keywords:
Wealth Inequality;
Employee Ownership;
Wealth;
Equality and Inequality;
Analysis;
United States
Dudley, Thomas, and Ethan Rouen. "Employee Ownership and Wealth Inequality: A Path to Reducing Wealth Concentration." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 22-021, September 2021.
- November 2000
- Background Note
Note on Employee Stock Ownership Plans (ESOPs) and Phantom Stock Plans
By: Dwight B. Crane and Indra Reinbergs
Provides a brief overview of employee stock ownership plans (ESOPs) and phantom stock plans for owners of closely held companies. ESOPs can be used as a tool of corporate financing, and can provide employees with ownership interests. Phantom stock plans can reward...
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Keywords:
Financing and Loans;
Employee Stock Ownership Plan;
Motivation and Incentives;
Management Teams;
Corporate Governance;
Ownership Stake;
Taxation
Crane, Dwight B., and Indra Reinbergs. "Note on Employee Stock Ownership Plans (ESOPs) and Phantom Stock Plans." Harvard Business School Background Note 201-034, November 2000.
- 30 Apr 2009
- Working Paper Summaries
Earnings Quality and Ownership Structure: The Role of Private Equity Sponsors
- January 2010
- Article
Does Public Ownership of Equity Improve Earnings Quality?
We compare the quality of accounting numbers produced by two types of public firms-those with publicly traded equity and those with privately held equity that are nonetheless considered public by virtue of having publicly traded debt. We develop and test two...
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- 2010
- Working Paper
The Powerful Pervasive Effects of Ownership on M&A
By: John C. Coates
Coates, John C. "The Powerful Pervasive Effects of Ownership on M&A." John M. Olin Center for Law, Economics, and Business Discussion Paper, No. 669, June 2010.
- March 2010
- Article
The Evolution of Corporate Ownership after IPO: The Impact of Investor Protection
By: C. Fritz Foley and Robin Greenwood
We use firm-level data from 34 countries covering the 1995-2006 period to analyze how the characteristics of public markets shape the process by which firms become widely held. Firms in all countries in the sample tend to have concentrated ownership at the time they go...
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Keywords:
Blockholding;
Float;
Shareholder Rights;
Investor Protection;
Ownership;
Financial Liquidity;
Business History;
Market Timing;
Going Public;
Business and Government Relations;
Business and Shareholder Relations
Foley, C. Fritz, and Robin Greenwood. "The Evolution of Corporate Ownership after IPO: The Impact of Investor Protection." Review of Financial Studies 23, no. 3 (March 2010): 1231–1260. (Formerly NBER Working Paper No. 14557.)
- August 2022 (Revised October 2022)
- Case
Katitas: Home Ownership for the Majority of Japan
By: Michael Chu, Akiko Kanno and Nobuo Sato
Chu, Michael, Akiko Kanno, and Nobuo Sato. "Katitas: Home Ownership for the Majority of Japan." Harvard Business School Case 323-027, August 2022. (Revised October 2022.)
- Article
Laws versus Contracts: Legal Origins, Shareholder Protections, and Ownership Concentration in Brazil, 1890–1950
By: Aldo Musacchio
This article examines some of the institutional conditions that facilitated the development of equity markets in Brazil. A critical factor was the addition of protections for investors to corporate bylaws, which enabled relatively large corporations in Brazil to...
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Keywords:
Voting;
Equity;
Financial Markets;
Investment;
Governance Controls;
Business History;
Ownership Stake;
Brazil
Musacchio, Aldo. "Laws versus Contracts: Legal Origins, Shareholder Protections, and Ownership Concentration in Brazil, 1890–1950." Business History Review 82, no. 3 (Fall 2008): 445–473.
- summer 2003
- Article
Ownership and Control Rights in Internet Portal Alliances, 1995-1999
By: Daniel W. Elfenbein and Josh Lerner
Elfenbein, Daniel W., and Josh Lerner. "Ownership and Control Rights in Internet Portal Alliances, 1995-1999." RAND Journal of Economics 34, no. 2 (summer 2003).
- 2008
- Working Paper
Laws vs. Contracts: Legal Origins, Shareholder Protections, and Ownership Concentration in Brazil, 1890–1950
By: Aldo Musacchio
The early development of large multidivisional corporations in Latin America required much more than capable managers, new technologies, and large markets. Behind such corporations was a market for capital in which entrepreneurs had to attract investors to buy either...
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Keywords:
Voting;
Entrepreneurship;
Investment;
Governance Controls;
Contracts;
Laws and Statutes;
Ownership Stake;
Brazil
Musacchio, Aldo. "Laws vs. Contracts: Legal Origins, Shareholder Protections, and Ownership Concentration in Brazil, 1890–1950." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 08-053, January 2008.
- Article
On Derivatives Markets and Social Welfare: A Theory of Empty Voting and Hidden Ownership
By: Jordan M. Barry, John William Hatfield and Scott Duke Kominers
In the past twenty-five years, derivatives markets have grown exponentially. Large, modern derivatives markets increasingly enable investors to hold economic interests in corporations without owning voting rights, and vice versa. This leads to both empty...
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Barry, Jordan M., John William Hatfield, and Scott Duke Kominers. "On Derivatives Markets and Social Welfare: A Theory of Empty Voting and Hidden Ownership." Virginia Law Review 99, no. 6 (October 2013): 1103–1168.
- Research Summary
The Talent at the Table: Business Expertise and Share Ownership in Fortune 500 Boardrooms
This paper examines the relationship between corporate value and "vestige" directors, defined as directors who own sizeable shareholdings but lack salient business experience relative to their peers on Fortune 500 boards. These people come to serve on...
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- 1984
- Chapter
Theory of the Firm: Managerial Behavior, Agency Costs and Ownership Structure
By: Michael Jensen and William H. Meckling
Jensen, Michael, and William H. Meckling. "Theory of the Firm: Managerial Behavior, Agency Costs and Ownership Structure." In The Modern Theory of Corporate Finance, edited by Michael C. Jensen and Clifford H. Smith Jr.. McGraw-Hill, 1984. (Also in Economics of Corporation Law & Securities Regulation, Posner & Scott, Eds, (Little Brown,1980); Jensen, Foundations of Organizational Strategy, (HUP, 1998); & Theory of the Firm. . . (HUP, 2000) and JFE.)
- November 2011
- Article
Ownership Structure and Financial Constraints: Evidence from a Structural Estimation
By: Chen Lin, Yue Ma and Yuhai Xuan
This article examines the impact of the divergence between corporate insiders' control rights and cash-flow rights on firms' external finance constraints via generalized method of moments estimation of an investment Euler equation. Using a large sample of U.S....
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Keywords:
Ownership;
Social Enterprise;
Reputation;
Cash Flow;
Annuities;
Investment;
Investment Funds;
Financial Reporting;
Accounting Audits;
Financial Services Industry;
United States
Lin, Chen, Yue Ma, and Yuhai Xuan. "Ownership Structure and Financial Constraints: Evidence from a Structural Estimation." Journal of Financial Economics 102, no. 2 (November 2011): 416–431.
- 14 Feb 2008
- Working Paper Summaries
Laws vs. Contracts: Legal Origins, Shareholder Protections, and Ownership Concentration in Brazil, 1890-1950
Keywords:
by Aldo Musacchio
- 2006
- Chapter
Taxation and the Evolution of Aggregate Corporate Ownership Concentration
By: Mihir A. Desai, Dhammika Dharmapala and Winnie Fung
Desai, Mihir A., Dhammika Dharmapala, and Winnie Fung. "Taxation and the Evolution of Aggregate Corporate Ownership Concentration." In Taxing Corporate Income in the 21st Century, edited by Alan Auerbach, James R. Hines Jr., and Joel Slemrod. Cambridge University Press, 2006.