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All HBS Web
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- Faculty Publications (201)
- Other Article
Exploring the Relationship Between Architecture Coupling and Software Vulnerabilities
By: Robert Lagerstrom, Carliss Y. Baldwin, Alan MacCormack, Daniel J. Sturtevant and Lee Doolan
Employing software metrics, such as size and complexity, for predicting defects has been given a lot of attention over the years and proven very useful. However, the few studies looking at software architecture and vulnerabilities are limited in scope and findings. We...
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Keywords:
Security Vulnerabilities;
Software Architecture;
Metrics;
Software;
Complexity;
Measurement and Metrics
Lagerstrom, Robert, Carliss Y. Baldwin, Alan MacCormack, Daniel J. Sturtevant, and Lee Doolan. "Exploring the Relationship Between Architecture Coupling and Software Vulnerabilities." Proceedings of the International Symposium on Engineering Secure Software and Systems (ESSoS) 9th (2017): 53–69. (Part of Lecture Notes in Computer Science, ISSN 0302-9743.)
- 2017
- Working Paper
Exploring the Relationship between Architecture Coupling and Software Vulnerabilities: A Google Chrome Case
By: Robert Lagerstrom, Carliss Y. Baldwin, Alan MacCormack, Dan Sturtevant and Lee Doolan
Employing software metrics, such as size and complexity, for predicting defects has been given a lot of attention over the years and has proven very useful. However, the few studies looking at software architecture and vulnerabilities are limited in scope and findings....
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Keywords:
Software;
Architecture;
Coupling;
Vulnerabilities;
Applications and Software;
Complexity;
Measurement and Metrics
Lagerstrom, Robert, Carliss Y. Baldwin, Alan MacCormack, Dan Sturtevant, and Lee Doolan. "Exploring the Relationship between Architecture Coupling and Software Vulnerabilities: A Google Chrome Case." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 17-078, February 2017.
- Article
Understanding Boards of Directors: A Systems Perspective
By: Jay W. Lorsch
In this essay, my goal is to explore why, despite the tireless efforts of talented people, research on corporate governance has been slow and uneven, and where that research should turn to next to be most valuable to practitioners. My belief is that the most fruitful...
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Keywords:
Corporate Boards;
Business Admnistration;
Social Systems;
Corporate Governance;
Governing and Advisory Boards;
System
Lorsch, Jay W. "Understanding Boards of Directors: A Systems Perspective." Annals of Corporate Governance 2, no. 1 (February 2017): 1–49.
- 2017
- Chapter
Institutional Theory and the Natural Environment: Building Research Through Tensions and Paradox
By: P. Devereaux Jennings and Andrew J. Hoffman
The focus of institutional theory is directed towards an understanding of situations where context is strong and binding, yet subtly experienced; where agency is often diffuse, embodied in an arrangement or system of actors rather than in an individual; and where...
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Jennings, P. Devereaux, and Andrew J. Hoffman. "Institutional Theory and the Natural Environment: Building Research Through Tensions and Paradox." Chap. 29 in The SAGE Handbook of Organizational Institutionalism. 2nd ed. Edited by Royston Greenwood, Christine Oliver, Thomas B. Lawrence, and Renate E. Meyer, 759–785. Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE Publications, 2017.
- November 2016
- Supplement
Irregular Operations
This video shows a dispatcher responding to an irregular operations situation caused by weather at an East Coast airport.
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Keywords:
Service;
Service Excellence;
Service Quality;
Operating Systems;
Operational Complexity;
Operational Disruptions;
Operational Efficiency;
Operational Focus;
Air Transportation;
Service Operations;
Service Delivery;
Air Transportation Industry
Buell, Ryan W., Willy C. Shih, and Michael W. Toffel. "Irregular Operations." Harvard Business School Multimedia/Video Supplement 617-705, November 2016.
- November 2016
- Supplement
United Airlines Operations
This video is a collection of clips that highlight aspects of United Airlines' operations
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Keywords:
Service;
Service Delivery;
Service Management;
Service Operations;
Service Quality;
Operating Systems;
Operational Complexity;
Operational Disruptions;
Operational Effectiveness;
Operational Efficiency;
Air Transportation;
Operations;
Air Transportation Industry
Buell, Ryan W., Willy C. Shih, and Michael W. Toffel. "United Airlines Operations." Harvard Business School Multimedia/Video Supplement 617-704, November 2016.
- September 2016 (Revised July 2018)
- Case
United Airlines: More Out-and-Back Flying?
This case looks at United Airlines when it is facing a decision on whether to shift its aircraft routing to more "out-and-back" routing in order to try to improve its on-time performance. As one of the world's largest airlines, United had a very large fleet and...
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Keywords:
Service Excellence;
Service Management;
Service Quality;
Service Quality Competition;
Services;
Airline Industry;
Airlines;
Operational Complexity;
Operational Disruptions;
Operational Effectiveness;
Operations Improvement;
Operations Management;
Operations Strategy;
Air Transportation;
Operations;
Service Operations;
Service Delivery;
Performance Effectiveness;
Performance Improvement;
Complexity;
Air Transportation Industry;
United States
Buell, Ryan W., Willy Shih, and Mike Toffel. "United Airlines: More Out-and-Back Flying?" Harvard Business School Case 617-010, September 2016. (Revised July 2018.)
- September 2016 (Revised August 2018)
- Supplement
United Airlines: More Out-and-Back Flying?: Case Supplement #1
This spreadsheet supplement accompanies 617-010 United Airlines: More Out-and-Back Flying? and is intended to provide students with an opportunity to apply analysis concepts with real operational data.
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- 2016
- Working Paper
The Mirroring Hypothesis: Theory, Evidence and Exceptions
By: Lyra J. Colfer and Carliss Y. Baldwin
The mirroring hypothesis predicts that organizational ties within a project, firm, or group of firms (e.g., communication, collocation, employment) will correspond to the technical patterns of dependency in the work being performed. A thorough understanding of the...
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Keywords:
Modularity;
Innovation;
Product And Process Development;
Organization Design;
Design Structure;
Organizational Ties;
Mirroring Hypothesis;
Industry Architecture;
Product Architecture;
Complex Technical Systems;
Information Technology;
Organizational Design;
Organizational Structure;
Relationships;
Innovation and Invention;
Product Development
Colfer, Lyra J., and Carliss Y. Baldwin. "The Mirroring Hypothesis: Theory, Evidence and Exceptions." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 16-124, April 2016. (Revised May 2016.)
- 2015
- Book
The Impact of Globalization on Argentina and Chile: Business Enterprises and Entrepreneurship
By: Geoffrey Jones and Andrea Lluch
This book compares the effects of globalization on two Latin American countries, Argentina and Chile, over time. The chapters examine the impact of multinationals, the growth of business groups, and the conflicted relations between business and government. The book...
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Keywords:
Entrepreneurs;
Business Groups;
Entrepreneurship;
Business History;
Globalization;
Growth and Development;
Agriculture and Agribusiness Industry;
Banking Industry;
Food and Beverage Industry;
Chemical Industry;
Energy Industry;
Mining Industry;
Latin America;
Argentina;
Chile
Jones, Geoffrey, and Andrea Lluch, eds. The Impact of Globalization on Argentina and Chile: Business Enterprises and Entrepreneurship. Northampton, MA: Edward Elgar Publishing, 2015.
- October 2015 (Revised November 2016)
- Background Note
'World-Class' Universities: Rankings and Reputation in Global Higher Education
By: William C. Kirby and Joycelyn W. Eby
Discussions of "world-class" universities have become an academic cottage industry in the 21st century, and definitions of the term are complex and at times contradictory. This background note traces the origins of university ranking systems and their evolution from a...
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Keywords:
Rankings;
University Faculty;
University Curriculum;
University Administration;
Higher Education;
Education Industry
Kirby, William C., and Joycelyn W. Eby. "'World-Class' Universities: Rankings and Reputation in Global Higher Education." Harvard Business School Background Note 316-065, October 2015. (Revised November 2016.)
- September 8, 2015
- Article
Making Better Decisions in Your Family Business
By: Josh Baron, Rob Lachenauer and Sebastian Ehrensberger
Family businesses face complex decisions, from CEO succession to business strategies. A "four-room" model helps structure decision-making in these businesses: Owner Room (ownership goals and board election), Board Room (performance monitoring and CEO appointment),...
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Keywords:
Family Business;
Decisions;
Business Strategy;
Goals and Objectives;
Management Succession;
Talent and Talent Management
Baron, Josh, Rob Lachenauer, and Sebastian Ehrensberger. "Making Better Decisions in Your Family Business." Harvard Business Review (website) (September 8, 2015).
- July 2015
- Background Note
The State of U.S. Public Health: Challenges and Trends
By: Rosabeth M. Kanter, Howard Koh and Pamela Yatsko
The World Health Organization defines health as "a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease and infirmity." For many Americans, the World Health Organization's definition of true health seems unattainable, given...
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Kanter, Rosabeth M., Howard Koh, and Pamela Yatsko. "The State of U.S. Public Health: Challenges and Trends." Harvard Business School Background Note 316-001, July 2015.
- April 2015
- Case
Carolinas HealthCare System: Consumer Analytics
By: John A. Quelch and Margaret L. Rodriguez
In 2014, Dr. Michael Dulin, chief clinical officer for analytics and outcomes research and head of the Dickson Advanced Analytics (DA2) group at Carolinas HealthCare System (CHS), successfully unified all analytics talent and resources into one group over a three year...
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Keywords:
Consumer Segmentation;
Big Data;
Management Information Systems;
Hospital Management;
Health Care and Treatment;
Marketing;
Segmentation;
Analytics and Data Science;
Information Management;
Information Technology;
Health;
Health Industry;
United States
Quelch, John A., and Margaret L. Rodriguez. "Carolinas HealthCare System: Consumer Analytics." Harvard Business School Case 515-060, April 2015.
- Blog Post
Innovation in Health Care Education: A Call to Action
By: Regina E. Herzlinger, Vasant Kumar, Kevin Schulman and Karen Staman
Health care administration educators are at a crossroads: the health care sector is rife with inefficiencies, erratic quality, unequal access, and sky-high costs, complex problems which call for innovative solutions, and yet, according to our content analysis of top...
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Keywords:
Health Care;
Health Care Education;
Education;
Health;
Health Care and Treatment;
Health Industry;
Education Industry
Herzlinger, Regina E., Vasant Kumar, Kevin Schulman, and Karen Staman. "Innovation in Health Care Education: A Call to Action." Health Affairs Blog (January 29, 2015). http://healthaffairs.org/blog/2015/01/29/innovation-in-health-care-education-a-call-to-action/.
- 2015
- Chapter
Modularity and Organizations
Modularity describes the degree to which a complex system can be broken apart into subunits (modules) that can be recombined in various ways. Modularity is important for organizations and the economy because the boundaries of organizational units and corporations are...
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Baldwin, Carliss Y. "Modularity and Organizations." In International Encyclopedia of the Social & Behavioral Sciences. 2nd ed. Edited by James D. Wright, 718–723. Amsterdam: Elsevier, 2015.
- Article
How Smart, Connected Products Are Transforming Competition
By: Michael E. Porter and James E. Heppelmann
Information technology is revolutionizing products. Once composed solely of mechanical and electrical parts, products have become complex systems that combine hardware, sensors, data storage, microprocessors, software, and connectivity in myriad ways. These "smart,...
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Keywords:
Strategy;
Competition;
Information Technology;
Transformation;
Information Technology Industry
Porter, Michael E., and James E. Heppelmann. "How Smart, Connected Products Are Transforming Competition." Harvard Business Review 92, no. 11 (November 2014): 64–88.
- 2015
- Working Paper
Bottlenecks, Modules and Dynamic Architectural Capabilities
How do firms create and capture value in large technical systems? In this paper, I argue that the points of both value creation and value capture are the system's bottlenecks. Bottlenecks arise first as important technical problems to be solved. Once the problem is...
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Keywords:
Architecture;
Architectural Knowledge;
Dynamic Capabilities;
Bottleneck;
Modularity;
Organization Design;
Organization Boundaries;
Property Rights;
Organizational Design;
Organizational Structure
Baldwin, Carliss Y. "Bottlenecks, Modules and Dynamic Architectural Capabilities." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 15-028, October 2014. (Revised May 2015.)
- October 2014
- Article
Hidden Structure: Using Network Methods to Map System Architecture
By: Carliss Y. Baldwin, Alan MacCormack and John Rusnak
In this paper, we describe an operational methodology for characterizing the architecture of complex technical systems and demonstrate its application to a large sample of software releases. Our methodology is based upon directed network graphs, which allows us to...
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Baldwin, Carliss Y., Alan MacCormack, and John Rusnak. "Hidden Structure: Using Network Methods to Map System Architecture." Research Policy 43, no. 8 (October 2014): 1381–1397.
- 2014
- Working Paper
Visualizing and Measuring Software Portfolio Architectures: A Flexibility Analysis
By: Robert Lagerstrom, Carliss Y. Baldwin, Alan MacCormack and David Dreyfus
In this paper, we test a method for visualizing and measuring software portfolio architectures and use our measures to predict the costs of architectural change. Our data is drawn from a biopharmaceutical company, comprising 407 architectural components with 1,157...
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Keywords:
Design Structure Matrices;
Software Architecture;
Flexibility;
Software Application Portfolio;
Complexity;
Applications and Software;
Forecasting and Prediction
Lagerstrom, Robert, Carliss Y. Baldwin, Alan MacCormack, and David Dreyfus. "Visualizing and Measuring Software Portfolio Architectures: A Flexibility Analysis." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 14-083, March 2014.