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- All HBS Web (1,693)
- Faculty Publications (711)
- Spring 2014
- Article
What Impact? A Framework for Measuring the Scale & Scope of Social Performance
By: Alnoor Ebrahim and V. Kasturi Rangan
Organizations with social missions, such as nonprofits and social enterprises, are under growing pressure to demonstrate their impacts on pressing societal problems such as global poverty. This article draws on several cases to build a performance assessment framework...
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Ebrahim, Alnoor, and V. Kasturi Rangan. "What Impact? A Framework for Measuring the Scale & Scope of Social Performance." California Management Review 56, no. 3 (Spring 2014): 118–141.
- Fall 2013
- Article
The Role of Performance Measures in the Intertemporal Decisions of Business Unit Managers
Accounting performance measures are often argued to lead to short-sighted behavior by managers facing intertemporal decisions. We assess the association between different types of performance measures and the time horizon of business unit managers who have profit...
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Bouwens, Jan, Margaret A. Abernethy, and Laurence van Lent. "The Role of Performance Measures in the Intertemporal Decisions of Business Unit Managers." Contemporary Accounting Research 30, no. 3 (Fall 2013): 925–961.
- September 2016 (Revised March 2017)
- Module Note
Strategy Execution Module 3: Using Information for Performance Measurement and Control
By: Robert Simons
This module reading explains how managers use information to control critical business processes and outcomes. The analysis begins by illustrating how managers use information to communicate goals and track performance. Then the focus turns to the choices that managers...
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Keywords:
Management Control Systems;
Implementing Strategy;
Strategy Execution;
Organization Process;
Feedback Model;
Innovation;
Uses Of Information;
Big Data;
Benchmarking;
Decision Making;
Information;
Performance Evaluation;
Analytics and Data Science
Simons, Robert. "Strategy Execution Module 3: Using Information for Performance Measurement and Control." Harvard Business School Module Note 117-103, September 2016. (Revised March 2017.)
- 2017
- Working Paper
Rethinking Measurement of Pay Disparity and its Relation to Firm Performance
By: Ethan Rouen
I develop measures of firm-level pay disparity and examine their relation to firm accounting performance. Using comprehensive compensation data for a large sample of firms, I find no statistically significant relation between the ratio of CEO-to-mean employee...
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Keywords:
Pay Disparity;
Pay Ratio;
CEO Pay Ratio;
Income Inequality;
Executive Compensation;
Wages;
Equality and Inequality;
Business Ventures;
Performance
Rouen, Ethan. "Rethinking Measurement of Pay Disparity and its Relation to Firm Performance." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 18-007, July 2017.
- Jul 2018
- Interview
James Siegal, KaBOOM!: How Have Your Performance Measures Changed?
- May 1997
- Teaching Note
Measuring the Financial Performance of Nonprofit Organizations: Solutions Manual
Teaching Note for (1-197-111).
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- May 1984 (Revised May 1985)
- Supplement
CIBA-GEIGY (A4): Measurement of Economic Performance of Group Companies
Merchant, Kenneth A. "CIBA-GEIGY (A4): Measurement of Economic Performance of Group Companies." Harvard Business School Supplement 184-189, May 1984. (Revised May 1985.)
- May 2003 (Revised March 2004)
- Case
Harlem Children's Zone, The: Driving Performance with Measurement and Evaluation
By: Allen S. Grossman and Daniel F. Curran
Geoffrey Canada, CEO of the Harlem Children's Zone, wanted his organization to grow dramatically to reach thousands of poor and underserved children in Harlem. The agency ran a variety of successful social service programs throughout New York City that were separately...
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Keywords:
Leadership;
Goals and Objectives;
Measurement and Metrics;
Organizational Structure;
Performance Evaluation;
Strategic Planning;
Problems and Challenges;
Nonprofit Organizations;
Expansion;
Valuation
Grossman, Allen S., and Daniel F. Curran. "Harlem Children's Zone, The: Driving Performance with Measurement and Evaluation." Harvard Business School Case 303-109, May 2003. (Revised March 2004.)
- September 3, 2020
- Article
How to Measure a Company’s Real Impact
By: Ronald Cohen and George Serafeim
Impact transparency will reshape capitalism. By shifting the pursuit of profit away from negligently creating problems to purposefully creating valuable solutions for the world, it will redefine success, so that its measure is not just money, but the positive impact we...
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Keywords:
Impact;
Impact Investing;
Impact Measurement;
Impact Investment;
Impact Investment Funds;
Accountability;
Accounting Information;
Corporate Performance;
Sustainability;
Social Impact;
Capitalism;
Accounting;
Corporate Accountability;
Performance;
Measurement and Metrics;
Social Enterprise;
Society
Cohen, Ronald, and George Serafeim. "How to Measure a Company's Real Impact." Harvard Business Review (website) (September 3, 2020).
- Research Summary
Of Measurement and Mission: Accounting for Performance in Non-Governmental Organizations
By: Debora L. Spar
As members of civil society NGOs would seem to have a built-in proclivity towards representation: towards working on behalf of some group of people, or toward some specific goal. Yet in practice such moments of accountability are rare. Unlike other social agents,...
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- May 2000
- Article
The Use of Performance Measures in Incentive Contracting
By: George P. Baker
Baker, George P. "The Use of Performance Measures in Incentive Contracting." American Economic Review 90, no. 2 (May 2000).
- Article
Strategic Performance Measurement and Management in Nonprofit Organizations
By: Robert S. Kaplan
Kaplan, Robert S. "Strategic Performance Measurement and Management in Nonprofit Organizations." Nonprofit Management & Leadership 11, no. 3 (Spring 2001): 353–370.
- January 2020
- Article
Rethinking Measurement of Pay Disparity and Its Relation to Firm Performance
By: Ethan Rouen
I develop measures of firm-level pay disparity and examine their relation to firm performance. Using comprehensive compensation data for a large sample of firms, I find no statistically significant relation between the ratio of CEO-to-mean employee compensation and...
View Details
Keywords:
Pay Disparity;
Pay Ratio;
CEO Pay Ratio;
Income Inequality;
Executive Compensation;
Employees;
Wages;
Equality and Inequality;
Business Ventures;
Performance
Rouen, Ethan. "Rethinking Measurement of Pay Disparity and Its Relation to Firm Performance." Accounting Review 95, no. 1 (January 2020): 343–378.
- 2010
- Working Paper
The Limits of Nonprofit Impact: A Contingency Framework for Measuring Social Performance
By: Alnoor Ebrahim and V. Kasturi Rangan
Leaders of organizations in the social sector are under growing pressure to demonstrate their impacts on pressing societal problems such as global poverty. We review the debates around performance and impact, drawing on three literatures: strategic philanthropy,...
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Keywords:
Development Economics;
Philanthropy and Charitable Giving;
Leadership;
Corporate Social Responsibility and Impact;
Performance Expectations;
Nonprofit Organizations;
Social Issues
Ebrahim, Alnoor, and V. Kasturi Rangan. "The Limits of Nonprofit Impact: A Contingency Framework for Measuring Social Performance." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 10-099, May 2010. (Recipient of 2010 Academy of Management, Public and Nonprofit Division, Carlo Masini Award for Innovative Scholarship runner-up prize; and, selection for the Best Papers proceedings.)
- 09 Jul 2010
- Working Paper Summaries
The Limits of Nonprofit Impact: A Contingency Framework for Measuring Social Performance
Keywords:
by Alnoor Ebrahim & V. Kasturi Rangan
- 2013
- Working Paper
Performance Measures and Intra-Firm Spillovers: Theory and Evidence
By: J. Bouwens and L. van Lent
- December 1982 (Revised June 1985)
- Background Note
Note on Management Control Systems, Part V: Measurement of Performance
Dearden, John. "Note on Management Control Systems, Part V: Measurement of Performance." Harvard Business School Background Note 183-130, December 1982. (Revised June 1985.)
- October 2016 (Revised December 2016)
- Module Note
Strategy Execution Module 6: Evaluating Strategic Profit Performance
By: Robert Simons
This module reading demonstrates how to calculate and analyze the profit generated by different business strategies. Formulas and examples are provided to calculate profit generated by changes in market share, revenue growth, efficiency improvements, and support costs....
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Keywords:
Management Control Systems;
Implementing Strategy;
Execution;
Evaluating Business Performance;
Profitability Analysis;
Variance Analysis;
Measuring Effectiveness;
Measuring Efficiency;
Activity-Based Costing;
Flexible Budget;
Accounting;
Strategy
Simons, Robert. "Strategy Execution Module 6: Evaluating Strategic Profit Performance." Harvard Business School Module Note 117-106, October 2016. (Revised December 2016.)
- Article
Of Measurement and Mission: Accounting for Performance in Non-Governmental Organizations
By: Debora Spar and James Dail
Spar, Debora, and James Dail. "Of Measurement and Mission: Accounting for Performance in Non-Governmental Organizations." Chicago Journal of International Law 3, no. 1 (Spring 2002): 171–181.