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All HBS Web
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- Faculty Publications (190)
- January 2019 (Revised December 2019)
- Case
CrossBoundary Energy
By: John Macomber
Almost 500 million people are without electricity in sub-Saharan Africa. Governments and public utilities are challenged to bring generation and distribution to most of them. Considerable promise exists in “off-grid” or “mini-grid” technologies, notably using renewable...
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Keywords:
Energy Investing;
Economic Development;
Renewable Energy;
Business Growth and Maturation;
Developing Countries and Economies;
Project Finance;
Emerging Markets;
Industry Structures;
Infrastructure;
Segmentation;
Private Equity;
Decision Choices and Conditions;
Energy Industry;
Utilities Industry;
Africa;
Tanzania;
Ghana
Macomber, John. "CrossBoundary Energy." Harvard Business School Case 219-089, January 2019. (Revised December 2019.)
- January 2019 (Revised July 2019)
- Case
New Balance: Managing Orders and Working Conditions
By: Michael W. Toffel, Eileen McNeely and Matthew Preble
New Balance Athletics, Inc., a major U.S.-based athletic footwear and apparel brand, sources most of its footwear products from independent suppliers whose factories are located in China, Indonesia, and Vietnam. Monica Gorman, vice president of responsible leadership...
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Keywords:
Footwear;
Athletic Footwear;
Manufacturing;
CSR;
Sustainability;
Quality Management;
Supply Chains;
Operations;
Management;
Production;
Working Conditions;
Corporate Social Responsibility and Impact;
Labor and Management Relations;
Supply Chain Management;
Supply Chain;
Order Taking and Fulfillment;
Apparel and Accessories Industry;
Consumer Products Industry
Toffel, Michael W., Eileen McNeely, and Matthew Preble. "New Balance: Managing Orders and Working Conditions." Harvard Business School Case 619-002, January 2019. (Revised July 2019.)
- December 2018
- Article
Reserve Design: Unintended Consequences and the Demise of Boston's Walk Zones
By: Umut Dur, Scott Duke Kominers, Parag A. Pathak and Tayfun Sönmez
Admissions policies often use reserves to grant certain applicants higher priority for some (but not all) available seats. Boston’s school choice system, for example, reserved half of each school’s seats for local neighborhood applicants while leaving the other half...
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Keywords:
Neighborhoods;
Equal Access;
School Choice;
Affirmative Action;
Desegregation;
Marketplace Matching;
Fairness;
Local Range;
Education;
Policy
Dur, Umut, Scott Duke Kominers, Parag A. Pathak, and Tayfun Sönmez. "Reserve Design: Unintended Consequences and the Demise of Boston's Walk Zones." Journal of Political Economy 126, no. 6 (December 2018): 2457–2479.
- October 2018 (Revised August 2023)
- Case
Safecast: Bootstrapping Human Capital to Big Data
By: Ethan Bernstein and Stephanie Marton
On March 11, 2011, at 2:46pm, a 9.1-on-the-Richter-scale, six-minute long earthquake unleashed a tsunami that ravaged the Tohoku region of Japan, damaging the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power facility and releasing sufficient radioactive material into the air and ocean...
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Keywords:
Citizen Science;
Creative Commons;
Open Data;
Open Architecture;
Volunteer-based Organization;
Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Facility;
311;
Nuclear;
Radiation;
Crowdsourcing;
Bgeigie;
Geiger Counters;
Kickstarter;
Sustainability;
Sustainable Business And Innovation;
Design;
Energy Generation;
Social Entrepreneurship;
Human Capital;
Innovation and Invention;
Crisis Management;
Organizational Structure;
Organizational Design;
Information Technology;
Business Model;
Energy Industry;
Technology Industry;
Japan;
North and Central America;
Europe
Bernstein, Ethan, and Stephanie Marton. "Safecast: Bootstrapping Human Capital to Big Data." Harvard Business School Case 419-033, October 2018. (Revised August 2023.)
- 2018
- Working Paper
Design Rules, Volume 2: How Technology Shapes Organizations: Chapter 5 Complementarity
The purpose of this chapter is to relate the theory of task networks and technology set forth in previous chapters to theories of firm boundaries from economics and management. Complementary goods have more value when used together than separately. Complementarity may...
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Keywords:
Complementarity
Baldwin, Carliss Y. "Design Rules, Volume 2: How Technology Shapes Organizations: Chapter 5 Complementarity." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 19-036, October 2018.
- 2018
- Working Paper
The State of Open Source Server Software
By: Shane Greenstein and Klaus Ackermann
The study assembles new data to construct a census of worldwide web server use across the globe. We document a large concentration of investment in the United States, and a wide dispersion across scores of countries. We find tens of billions of dollars of unmeasured...
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Keywords:
Internet;
Open Source;
Internet and the Web;
Policy;
Open Source Distribution;
Internet and the Web;
Global Range
Greenstein, Shane, and Klaus Ackermann. "The State of Open Source Server Software." Working Paper, September 2018.
- August 2018
- Case
MISHA: Modernizing the World of Shisha
By: William R. Kerr and Gamze Yucaoglu
The case opens in 2017 with two of the five co-founders of MISHA telling the company’s CEO Michal Portz that they believe it is time for the global venture to shut down its operations and cease investments. Portz and another co-founder believe MISHA can still...
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Keywords:
Innovation And Management;
Entrepreneurship;
Private Sector;
For-profit Firms;
Business Strategy;
Decision;
Business Startups;
Emerging Markets;
Business Model;
Marketing Strategy;
Distribution Channels;
Market Entry and Exit;
Growth and Development Strategy;
Competitive Advantage;
Value Creation;
Decision Choices and Conditions;
Technology Industry;
Qatar;
United States
Kerr, William R., and Gamze Yucaoglu. "MISHA: Modernizing the World of Shisha." Harvard Business School Case 819-019, August 2018.
- July 2018 (Revised December 2018)
- Case
SOFWERX: Innovation at U.S. Special Operations Command
By: Herman Leonard, Mitchell Weiss, Jin Hyun Paik and Kerry Herman
James “Hondo” Geurts, the Acquisition Executive for U.S. Special Operations Command, was in the middle of his Senate confirmation hearing in 2017 to become Assistant Secretary of the Navy for Research, Development and Acquisition. The questions had a common theme: how...
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Keywords:
James Geurts;
Innovation;
Public Entrepreneurship;
Open Innovation;
Crowdsourcing;
Contests;
Prototyping;
SOFWERX;
Special Operations;
SOCOM;
Govtech;
Procurement;
FAR;
EZ-Fly;
Navy;
Department Of Defense;
Innovation and Invention;
Innovation and Management;
Innovation Leadership;
Entrepreneurship;
Public Sector;
Acquisition;
Public Administration Industry;
United States
Leonard, Herman, Mitchell Weiss, Jin Hyun Paik, and Kerry Herman. "SOFWERX: Innovation at U.S. Special Operations Command." Harvard Business School Case 819-004, July 2018. (Revised December 2018.)
- July–August 2018
- Article
Learning by Contributing: Gaining Competitive Advantage Through Contribution to Crowdsourced Public Goods
By: Frank Nagle
As the economy becomes more information based, firms are increasingly using crowdsourced public goods as inputs for innovation and production. Counterintuitively, some firms pay their employees to contribute to the creation of these goods, which can be used freely by...
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Keywords:
Open Source Distribution;
Applications and Software;
Competitive Strategy;
Learning;
Competitive Advantage
Nagle, Frank. "Learning by Contributing: Gaining Competitive Advantage Through Contribution to Crowdsourced Public Goods." Organization Science 29, no. 4 (July–August 2018): 569–587.
- November 2021
- Article
Gaussian Process Subset Scanning for Anomalous Pattern Detection in Non-iid Data
By: William Herlands, Edward McFowland III, Andrew Gordon Wilson and Daniel B. Neill
Identifying anomalous patterns in real-world data is essential for understanding where, when, and how systems deviate from their expected dynamics. Yet methods that separately consider the anomalousness of each individual data point have low detection power for subtle,...
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Herlands, William, Edward McFowland III, Andrew Gordon Wilson, and Daniel B. Neill. "Gaussian Process Subset Scanning for Anomalous Pattern Detection in Non-iid Data." Proceedings of Machine Learning Research (PMLR) 84 (2018): 425–434. (Also presented at the 21st International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Statistics (AISTATS), 2018.)
- November 2017 (Revised September 2020)
- Supplement
Miami's Tech Future (D): Developing New Leadership
Traditional establishment leadership of Miami is increasingly challenged by a rising millennial generation that is more diverse and brings more innovative and entrepreneurial “outside-the-building” approaches, including impatience for change. Leadership succession is...
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Keywords:
Leaders;
Civic Innovation;
Change;
Change Leadership;
Startup;
Scaling And Growth;
Jurisdictional Disputes;
Communication;
Community Impact;
Community Relations;
Leading Change;
Leadership;
Diversity;
Demographics;
Entrepreneurship;
Business and Community Relations;
Miami;
Florida
Kanter, Rosabeth Moss. "Miami's Tech Future (D): Developing New Leadership." Harvard Business School Supplement 318-036, November 2017. (Revised September 2020.)
- September 2017 (Revised March 2018)
- Case
Chai Point: Disrupting Chai
By: Shikhar Ghosh, Ramana Nanda and Rachna Tahilyani
Chai Point is India’s largest organized chai retailer. It has missed its target for retail store openings by approximately 25%, goals that are very important to its investors who are also board members. However, it has developed an exciting new internet-based tea...
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Keywords:
Strategy;
Venture Capital;
Stock;
Business Model;
Mobile Technology;
Technological Innovation;
Marketing;
Marketing Strategy;
Internet and the Web;
Mobile and Wireless Technology;
Food;
Selection and Staffing;
Employee Stock Ownership Plan;
Resignation and Termination;
Compensation and Benefits;
Resource Allocation;
Product Positioning;
Distribution Channels;
Product Design;
Supply Chain;
Governing and Advisory Boards;
Food and Beverage Industry;
Retail Industry;
Asia;
India;
Karnataka;
Bangalore
Ghosh, Shikhar, Ramana Nanda, and Rachna Tahilyani. "Chai Point: Disrupting Chai." Harvard Business School Case 818-020, September 2017. (Revised March 2018.)
- Other Article
Exploring the Relationship Between Architecture Coupling and Software Vulnerabilities
By: Robert Lagerstrom, Carliss Y. Baldwin, Alan MacCormack, Daniel J. Sturtevant and Lee Doolan
Employing software metrics, such as size and complexity, for predicting defects has been given a lot of attention over the years and proven very useful. However, the few studies looking at software architecture and vulnerabilities are limited in scope and findings. We...
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Keywords:
Security Vulnerabilities;
Software Architecture;
Metrics;
Software;
Complexity;
Measurement and Metrics
Lagerstrom, Robert, Carliss Y. Baldwin, Alan MacCormack, Daniel J. Sturtevant, and Lee Doolan. "Exploring the Relationship Between Architecture Coupling and Software Vulnerabilities." Proceedings of the International Symposium on Engineering Secure Software and Systems (ESSoS) 9th (2017): 53–69. (Part of Lecture Notes in Computer Science, ISSN 0302-9743.)
- May 2017
- Other Article
Stepwise Distributed Open Innovation Contests for Software Development: Acceleration of Genome-Wide Association Analysis
By: Andrew Hill, Po-Ru Loh, Ragu B. Bharadwaj, Pascal Pons, Jingbo Shang, Eva C. Guinan, Karim R. Lakhani, Iain Kilty and Scott Jelinsky
BACKGROUND:
The association of differing genotypes with disease-related phenotypic traits offers great potential to both help identify new therapeutic targets and support stratification of patients who would gain the greatest benefit from specific drug classes....
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Keywords:
Crowdsourcing;
Genome-wide Association Study;
Logistic Regression;
Open Innovation;
PLINK;
Collaborative Innovation and Invention
Hill, Andrew, Po-Ru Loh, Ragu B. Bharadwaj, Pascal Pons, Jingbo Shang, Eva C. Guinan, Karim R. Lakhani, Iain Kilty, and Scott Jelinsky. "Stepwise Distributed Open Innovation Contests for Software Development: Acceleration of Genome-Wide Association Analysis." GigaScience 6, no. 5 (May 2017).
- 2017
- Book
HBR Guide to Buying a Small Business: Think Big, Buy Small, Own Your Own Company
By: Richard S. Ruback and Royce Yudkoff
Find, acquire, and run your own business. Are you looking for an alternative to a career path at a big firm? Does founding your own start-up seem too risky? There is a radical third path open to you: you can buy a small business and run it as CEO. Purchasing a small...
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Keywords:
Entrepreneurial Finance;
Entrepreneurs;
Small Companies;
Small Business Finance;
Negotiation;
Due Diligence;
Sourcing;
Search Funds;
Search;
Deal Sourcing;
Deal Structuring;
Funnel;
Debt Financing;
Small And Medium Enterprises;
Small Business;
Internet and the Web;
Entrepreneurship;
Negotiation Deal;
Ownership;
Equity;
Borrowing and Debt
Ruback, Richard S., and Royce Yudkoff. HBR Guide to Buying a Small Business: Think Big, Buy Small, Own Your Own Company. Harvard Business Review Press, 2017.
- 2016
- Working Paper
The Skills Gap and the Near-Far Problem in Executive Education and Leadership Development
By: Mihnea Moldoveanu and Das Narayandas
Executive development programs have entered a period of rapid transformation, driven on one side by the proliferation of a new technological, cultural, and economic landscape commonly referred to as “digital disruption” and on the other by a widening gap between the...
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Moldoveanu, Mihnea, and Das Narayandas. "The Skills Gap and the Near-Far Problem in Executive Education and Leadership Development." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 17-019, September 2016.
- July 2016
- Case
Spotify
By: Anita Elberse and Alexandre de Pfyffer
In November 2014, Spotify's chief content officer Ken Parks learns that record label Big Machine Records has requested the immediate removal of superstar artist Taylor Swift's entire catalogue from Spotify's music streaming service. Is it time for Spotify to reconsider...
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Keywords:
Entertainment;
Marketing;
Superstar;
Music;
Entertainment Marketing;
Media;
Digital Technology;
Creative Industries;
Product Portfolio Management;
General Management;
Management;
Strategy;
Internet and the Web;
Open Source Distribution;
Creativity;
Music Entertainment;
Product Marketing;
Music Industry
Elberse, Anita, and Alexandre de Pfyffer. "Spotify." Harvard Business School Case 516-046, July 2016.
- May 2016 (Revised December 2016)
- Case
Camposol
By: David E. Bell and Natalie Kindred
With $289 million in 2015 revenues, Camposol is a Peruvian grower, exporter, and marketer of fruits and vegetables, with a focus on the high-growth, high-margin blueberry category. Camposol aspires to become Peru’s first multinational branded produce company. It...
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Keywords:
Blueberries;
Avocado;
Asparagus;
Agriculture;
Peru;
Retail;
Produce;
Agricultural Production;
Branding;
Brand Strategy;
Commercialization;
Camposol;
Aquaculture;
Agribusiness;
Marketing;
Trade;
Vertical Integration;
Strategy;
Marketing Strategy;
Family Business;
Growth and Development;
Growth Management;
Food;
Supply Chain;
Distribution;
Distribution Industry;
Distribution Industry;
Distribution Industry;
Distribution Industry;
Peru;
South America;
United States;
China
Bell, David E., and Natalie Kindred. "Camposol." Harvard Business School Case 516-111, May 2016. (Revised December 2016.)
- 2016
- Article
The Mirroring Hypothesis: Theory, Evidence, and Exceptions
By: Lyra J. Colfer and Carliss Y. Baldwin
The mirroring hypothesis predicts that organizational ties within a project, firm, or group of firms (e.g., communication, collocation, employment) will correspond to the technical dependencies in the work being performed. This article presents a unified picture of...
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Keywords:
Modularity;
Mirroring Hypothesis;
Organization Design;
Conway's Law;
Knowledge Boundaries;
Relational Contracts;
Open Source Software;
Organizational Design;
Organizational Structure;
Boundaries;
Knowledge Management;
Applications and Software
Colfer, Lyra J., and Carliss Y. Baldwin. "The Mirroring Hypothesis: Theory, Evidence, and Exceptions." Industrial and Corporate Change 25, no. 5 (2016): 709–738. (Lead Article.)
- Spring 2016
- Article
Performance Responses to Competition Across Skill-Levels in Rank Order Tournaments: Field Evidence and Implications for Tournament Design
By: Kevin J. Boudreau, Karim R. Lakhani and Michael E. Menietti
Tournaments are widely used in the economy to organize production and innovation. We study individual contestant-level data from 2,796 contestants in 774 software algorithm design contests with random assignment. Precisely conforming to theory predictions, the...
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Boudreau, Kevin J., Karim R. Lakhani, and Michael E. Menietti. "Performance Responses to Competition Across Skill-Levels in Rank Order Tournaments: Field Evidence and Implications for Tournament Design." RAND Journal of Economics 47, no. 1 (Spring 2016): 140–165.