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- 2023
- Working Paper
An Experimental Design for Anytime-Valid Causal Inference on Multi-Armed Bandits
By: Biyonka Liang and Iavor I. Bojinov
Typically, multi-armed bandit (MAB) experiments are analyzed at the end of the study and thus require the analyst to specify a fixed sample size in advance. However, in many online learning applications, it is advantageous to continuously produce inference on the...
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Liang, Biyonka, and Iavor I. Bojinov. "An Experimental Design for Anytime-Valid Causal Inference on Multi-Armed Bandits." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 24-057, March 2024.
- 2024
- Working Paper
Anytime-Valid Inference in Linear Models and Regression-Adjusted Causal Inference
By: Michael Lindon, Dae Woong Ham, Martin Tingley and Iavor I. Bojinov
Linear regression adjustment is commonly used to analyze randomized controlled experiments due to its efficiency and robustness against model misspecification. Current testing and interval estimation procedures leverage the asymptotic distribution of such estimators to...
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Lindon, Michael, Dae Woong Ham, Martin Tingley, and Iavor I. Bojinov. "Anytime-Valid Inference in Linear Models and Regression-Adjusted Causal Inference." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 24-060, March 2024.
- March 2024
- Article
Human Capital Affects Religious Identity: Causal Evidence from Kenya
By: Livia Alfonsi, Michal Bauer, Julie Chytilová and Edward Miguel
We study how human capital and economic conditions causally affect the choice of religious denomination. We utilize a longitudinal dataset monitoring the religious history of more than 5,000 Kenyans over 20 years, in tandem with a randomized experiment (deworming) that...
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Alfonsi, Livia, Michal Bauer, Julie Chytilová, and Edward Miguel. "Human Capital Affects Religious Identity: Causal Evidence from Kenya." Art. 103215. Journal of Development Economics 167 (March 2024).
- 2024
- Book
When Democracy Breaks: Studies in Democratic Erosion and Collapse, from Ancient Athens to the Present Day
By: Archon Fung, David Moss and Odd Arne Westad
Democracy is often described in two opposite ways, as either wonderfully resilient or dangerously fragile. Curiously, both characterizations can be correct, depending on the context. When Democracy Breaks aims to deepen our understanding of what separates democratic...
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Fung, Archon, David Moss, and Odd Arne Westad, eds. When Democracy Breaks: Studies in Democratic Erosion and Collapse, from Ancient Athens to the Present Day. Oxford University Press, 2024.
- 2024
- Working Paper
Principles and Content for Downstream Emissions Disclosures
By: Robert S. Kaplan and Karthik Ramanna
In a previous paper, we proposed the E-liability carbon accounting algorithm for companies to measure and subsequently reduce their own and their suppliers’ emissions. Some investors and stakeholders, however, want companies to also be accountable for downstream...
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Keywords:
Carbon Emissions;
Disclosure;
Carbon Footprint;
Climate Change;
Measurement and Metrics;
Corporate Disclosure;
Environmental Sustainability;
Corporate Social Responsibility and Impact
Kaplan, Robert S., and Karthik Ramanna. "Principles and Content for Downstream Emissions Disclosures." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 24-050, January 2024.
- January 2024
- Article
Dog Eat Dog: Balancing Network Effects and Differentiation in a Digital Platform Merger
By: Chiara Farronato, Jessica Fong and Andrey Fradkin
Digital platforms are increasingly the subject of regulatory scrutiny. In comparison to multiple competitors, a single platform may increase consumer welfare if network effects are large or may decrease welfare due to higher prices or reduction in platform variety. We...
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Keywords:
Platform Differentiation;
Digital Platforms;
Network Effects;
Measurement and Metrics;
Mergers and Acquisitions;
Outcome or Result
Farronato, Chiara, Jessica Fong, and Andrey Fradkin. "Dog Eat Dog: Balancing Network Effects and Differentiation in a Digital Platform Merger." Management Science 70, no. 1 (January 2024): 464–483.
- December 2023
- Article
Discerning Saints: Moralization of Intrinsic Motivation and Selective Prosociality at Work
By: Mijeong Kwon, Julia Lee Cunningham and Jon M. Jachimowicz
Intrinsic motivation has received widespread attention as a predictor of positive work outcomes, including employees’ prosocial behavior. In the current research, we offer a more nuanced view by proposing that intrinsic motivation does not uniformly increase prosocial...
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Kwon, Mijeong, Julia Lee Cunningham, and Jon M. Jachimowicz. "Discerning Saints: Moralization of Intrinsic Motivation and Selective Prosociality at Work." Academy of Management Journal 66, no. 6 (December 2023): 1625–1650.
- 2023
- Working Paper
The Uneven Impact of Generative AI on Entrepreneurial Performance
By: Nicholas G. Otis, Rowan Clarke, Solène Delecourt, David Holtz and Rembrand Koning
There is a growing belief that scalable and low-cost AI assistance can improve firm
decision-making and economic performance. However, running a business involves
a myriad of open-ended problems, making it hard to generalize from recent studies
showing that...
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Keywords:
AI and Machine Learning;
Performance Improvement;
Small Business;
Decision Choices and Conditions;
Kenya
Otis, Nicholas G., Rowan Clarke, Solène Delecourt, David Holtz, and Rembrand Koning. "The Uneven Impact of Generative AI on Entrepreneurial Performance." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 24-042, December 2023.
- 2023
- Working Paper
Healthcare Provider Bankruptcies
By: Samuel Antill, Jessica Bai, Ashvin Gandhi and Adrienne Sabety
Healthcare firms are increasingly filing for Chapter 11 bankruptcy. Using two strategies, we show causal evidence that bankruptcies harm patients through increased worker turnover. First, in an online experiment, experienced nurses assess hypothetical employers and...
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Keywords:
Insolvency and Bankruptcy;
Health Care and Treatment;
Outcome or Result;
Retention;
Health Industry
Antill, Samuel, Jessica Bai, Ashvin Gandhi, and Adrienne Sabety. "Healthcare Provider Bankruptcies." Working Paper, November 2023.
- November 2023
- Article
Open Source Software and Global Entrepreneurship
By: Nataliya Langburd Wright, Frank Nagle and Shane Greenstein
This is the first study to consider the relationship between open source software (OSS) and
entrepreneurship around the globe. This study measures whether country-level participation on
the GitHub OSS platform affects the founding of innovative ventures, and where it...
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Keywords:
Entrepreneurship;
Applications and Software;
Business Ventures;
Development Economics;
Innovation and Invention;
Global Range
Wright, Nataliya Langburd, Frank Nagle, and Shane Greenstein. "Open Source Software and Global Entrepreneurship." Art. 104846. Research Policy 52, no. 9 (November 2023).
- November 2023
- Article
Psychological Factors Underlying Attitudes toward AI Tools
By: Julian De Freitas, Stuti Agarwal, B. Schmitt and N. Haslam
What are the psychological factors driving attitudes toward AI tools, and how can resistance to AI systems be overcome when they are beneficial? In this perspective, we first organize the main sources of resistance into five main categories: opacity, emotionlessness,...
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De Freitas, Julian, Stuti Agarwal, B. Schmitt, and N. Haslam. "Psychological Factors Underlying Attitudes toward AI Tools." Nature Human Behaviour 7, no. 11 (November 2023): 1845–1854.
- 2023
- Working Paper
Are Hospital Quality Indicators Causal?
By: Amitabh Chandra, Maurice Dalton and Douglas O. Staiger
Hospitals play a key role in patient outcomes and spending, but efforts to improve their quality are hindered because we do not know whether hospital quality indicators are causal or biased. We evaluate the validity of commonly used quality indicators, such as...
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Keywords:
Quality;
Health Care and Treatment;
Measurement and Metrics;
Outcome or Result;
Health Industry
Chandra, Amitabh, Maurice Dalton, and Douglas O. Staiger. "Are Hospital Quality Indicators Causal?" NBER Working Paper Series, No. 31789, October 2023.
- 2023
- Working Paper
Causal Interpretation of Structural IV Estimands
By: Isaiah Andrews, Nano Barahona, Matthew Gentzkow, Ashesh Rambachan and Jesse M. Shapiro
We study the causal interpretation of instrumental variables (IV) estimands of nonlinear, multivariate structural models with respect to rich forms of model misspecification. We focus on guaranteeing that the researcher's estimator is sharp zero consistent, meaning...
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Keywords:
Mathematical Methods
Andrews, Isaiah, Nano Barahona, Matthew Gentzkow, Ashesh Rambachan, and Jesse M. Shapiro. "Causal Interpretation of Structural IV Estimands." NBER Working Paper Series, No. 31799, October 2023.
- October, 2023
- Article
Cleaning Up the Great Lakes: Housing Market Impacts of Removing Legacy Pollutants
By: Alecia Cassidy, Robyn C. Meeks and Michale R. Moore
The Great Lakes and their tributaries make up the largest freshwater system on the planet, providing drinking water and recreational value to millions of people. Yet manufacturing plants left a legacy of toxic pollutants in the region, tarnishing it as part of the...
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Keywords:
Valuation Of Environmental Effects;
Housing Demand;
Water Pollution;
Water Quality;
Infrastructure;
Pollution;
Consumer Behavior
Cassidy, Alecia, Robyn C. Meeks, and Michale R. Moore. "Cleaning Up the Great Lakes: Housing Market Impacts of Removing Legacy Pollutants." Journal of Public Economics 226 (October, 2023).
- 2023
- Working Paper
Global Harms, Local Profits: How the Uneven Costs of Natural Disasters Affect Support for Green Political Platforms
By: Silvia Pianta and Paula Rettl
The emergence of green constituencies enables climate action. Conventional wisdom holds
that first-hand experience with natural disasters helps build green coalitions by increasing
the salience of the costs of environmental degradation. Focusing on fires in Brazil,...
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Keywords:
Climate Impact;
Politics;
Environmental Issues;
Environmental Protection;
Economic Analysis;
Economic Behavior;
Economic Geography;
Economy;
Economics;
Climate Change;
Environmental Management;
Political Elections;
Natural Disasters;
Green Technology;
Environmental Sustainability;
Latin America;
Brazil
Pianta, Silvia, and Paula Rettl. "Global Harms, Local Profits: How the Uneven Costs of Natural Disasters Affect Support for Green Political Platforms." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 24-023, September 2023.
- 2023
- Working Paper
Spatial Mobility, Economic Opportunity, and Crime
By: Gaurav Khanna, Carlos Medina, Anant Nyshadham, Daniel Ramos-Menchelli, Jorge Tamayo and Audrey Tiew
Neighborhoods are strong determinants of both economic opportunity and criminal activity. Does improving connectedness between segregated and unequal parts of a city predominantly import opportunity or export crime? We use a spatial general equilibrium framework to...
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Keywords:
Urban Development;
Transportation Networks;
Crime and Corruption;
Transportation Industry;
Medellín;
Colombia;
South America
Khanna, Gaurav, Carlos Medina, Anant Nyshadham, Daniel Ramos-Menchelli, Jorge Tamayo, and Audrey Tiew. "Spatial Mobility, Economic Opportunity, and Crime." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 24-016, September 2023. (R&R American Economic Review.)
- 2023
- Working Paper
The Effects of Inconsistent Work Schedules on Employee Lateness and Absenteeism
By: Caleb Kwon and Ananth Raman
Problem Definition: Employee lateness and absenteeism pose challenges for businesses, particularly in the retail industry, where punctuality is vital for optimal store operations and customer service. This paper relates employee lateness and absenteeism with...
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Kwon, Caleb, and Ananth Raman. "The Effects of Inconsistent Work Schedules on Employee Lateness and Absenteeism." Working Paper, August 2023.
- 2023
- Working Paper
Beyond the Hype: Unveiling the Marginal Benefits of 3D Virtual Tours in Real Estate
By: Mengxia Zhang and Isamar Troncoso
3D virtual tours (VTs) have become a popular digital tool in real estate platforms, enabling potential buyers to virtually walk through the houses they search for online. In this paper, we study home sellers’ adoption of VTs and the VTs’ relative benefits compared to...
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Zhang, Mengxia, and Isamar Troncoso. "Beyond the Hype: Unveiling the Marginal Benefits of 3D Virtual Tours in Real Estate." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 24-003, July 2023.
- July 2023
- Article
So, Who Likes You? Evidence from a Randomized Field Experiment
By: Ravi Bapna, Edward McFowland III, Probal Mojumder, Jui Ramaprasad and Akhmed Umyarov
With one-third of marriages in the United States beginning online, online dating platforms have become important curators of the modern social fabric. Prior work on online dating has elicited two critical frictions in the heterosexual dating market. Women, governed by...
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Keywords:
Online Dating;
Internet and the Web;
Analytics and Data Science;
Gender;
Emotions;
Social and Collaborative Networks
Bapna, Ravi, Edward McFowland III, Probal Mojumder, Jui Ramaprasad, and Akhmed Umyarov. "So, Who Likes You? Evidence from a Randomized Field Experiment." Management Science 69, no. 7 (July 2023): 3939–3957.
- 2023
- Working Paper
The Nature, Sources, and Consequences of Citizens’ Anti-establishment Sentiments
By: Loreto Cox and Natalia Garbiras-Diaz
While recent studies examine anti-establishment parties and candidates, fewer focus
on citizens’ anti-establishment sentiments, which we define as an intense and angry
animosity toward political elites and distrust of political parties. What drives these
sentiments?...
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Keywords:
Political Parties;
Political Instability;
Democracy;
Elections;
Electoral Behavior;
Election Outcomes;
Ideology;
Political Elections;
Policy;
Governance;
Government and Politics;
Social Issues;
Society;
Perception;
Crime and Corruption;
Latin America;
South America;
Colombia;
Peru
Cox, Loreto, and Natalia Garbiras-Diaz. "The Nature, Sources, and Consequences of Citizens’ Anti-establishment Sentiments." Working Paper, July 2023.